自考英语二unitatributetothedog省公共课一等奖全国赛课获奖课件.pptx

Unit 3 Text BA Tribute to the Dog第1页New wordsproneHe was prone to anger.他易于他易于发发怒。怒。These plants are peculiarly（尤其地尤其地）prone to disease.这这些植物尤其些植物尤其轻轻易易发发生病生病变变。For all her experience,she was still prone to nerves.尽管有尽管有经验经验，她，她还还是是轻轻易担心。易担心。He is prone to lose his temper when people disagree with him.人家一不一人家一不一样样意他意意他意见见，他就，他就发发脾气。脾气。The survey made by scientists shows that kids are all prone to eat junk food.第2页settlesettle down 定居,平静下来,集中精力做;开始认真做One day Ill want to settle down and have a family.总有一天，我会想安定下来，成个家。We saw the therapist four times,and the children have now settled down.我们去看了四次治疗教授，现在孩子们已经稳定下来了。They settled down to some serious work.他们着手做一些主要工作。(安定下来专心于)第3页settle Ill settle up with them soon.我很快就会跟他们清账。How do you wish to settle account,sir.In cash or by credit card?您想怎么结帐，用现金还是信用卡？Within the White House itself,things were beginning to settle into a pattern.在白宫内部，事情已开始步入正轨。It takes a few months to settle into life at college.要过好几个月才会适应大学生活。第4页privilegen.特权vt.给与特权，特免overdo your privilege abuse your privilegeenjoy the privilegeWe want to privilege them because without the top graduate students,we cant remain a top university.我们希望给予这些最顶尖硕士尤其照料，因为没有他们，我们就无法继续处于一流大学之列。第5页pursue v.pursuit n.She had come to England to pursue an acting career.她来英格兰投身演艺事业。He is desperate to pursue his vocation as an artist.他不顾一切地从事艺术职业。第6页turn against 背叛turn out to 变成His well-planned party consequencely turned out to be a disaster.turn over 移交给；翻阅；把翻过来；turn down 拒绝；向下转折 in turn 轮番，依次 turn in 交上；偿还；They answered the teachers questions in turn.The lawyer turned over the release papers.律师提交了释放文书。I thanked him for the offer but turned it down 我谢绝了他提议第7页if onlyIf only I had gone by taxi.假若我是乘计程车去就好了。If only she could marry me!她要是能嫁给我就好了。only if只要就；You can make progress only if you are modest.惟虚心乃能进步。第8页stick by 坚持忠于，不离不弃Shed stuck by Bob through thick and thin.她和鲍勃患难与共。They vowed to stick by one another no matter what happened.他们立誓生死与共。U.S.to stick by one China policy.布来特：美将固守一个中国政策。第9页stick to恪守；保留；紧跟；忠于Police must stick to the highest standards if they are to win back public confidence.要想重新赢得公众信任，警方必须紧遵最高标准。Perhaps he should have stuck to writing.可能他应该一心放在写作上。第10页heavenHeaven knows 天知道;谁晓得Heaven knows what they put in it.天知道他们在里面放了些什么。（用于以 what、when、who、why 及 how 开头疑问句中表示强调）到底，终究 Where in heavens name was she?她到底在哪儿？希望不会这么Heaven forbid/perish the thought第11页Fish,do you take Tony,as your lawful husband,to have and to hold,from this day forward,for better,for worse,for richer,for poorer,in sickness,and in health,till death do you part.Yes,I do!Fish,Er,thank you for being the love of my life,the person I will share all my dreams,my desires,my plans and my ventures,whole of everything,thank you for being my partner in my life and filling my half percent of life,I feel the happiest person alive with you,with love,always fish感激你成为我生命中挚爱，成为我唯一，分享我全部梦想、渴望、蓝图、冒险，以及更多一切，感激你成为我今后生命中伴侣，只要跟你一起活着，我就以为自己是世界上最高兴人，永远！永远！第12页熟读深思熟读深思朗诵以下被动句朗诵以下被动句,体会被动语态使用体会被动语态使用方法方法;观察谓语部分观察谓语部分,思索各种时态思索各种时态被动语态组成。被动语态组成。1.The G8 is made up of political leaders.被动语态被动语态第13页2.The Group of Eight,or G8,was formed by eight of the worlds wealthiest nations in 1998.3.The news is being celebrated by crowds in the streets.第14页4.At 12:45 UK time today,the name of the host city for the Olympic Games was being announced by IOC in Singapore.(M4,P 23)5.Reforms have been demanded by people from all over the world.(M4，P 22)第15页6.Londons name had been announced twice before.(M4,P 23)7.It is going to be remembered as a historical meeting this year,as the topic of Africa will be discussed in detail.(M4,P22)第16页8.They want the leaders to cancel the debt of Africas poorest countries so that the problems there can be prevented from getting any worse.第17页不知道或没有必要说明动作执行者是不知道或没有必要说明动作执行者是谁谁,或者需要突出或强调动作承受者时或者需要突出或强调动作承受者时,就用被动语态。被动语态由就用被动语态。被动语态由“be+过过去分词去分词”组成，时态、人称和数改变组成，时态、人称和数改变是经过是经过be来表达。以来表达。以do为例为例,请完成请完成下表：下表：归纳总结归纳总结第18页时态时态被动语态组成1普通现在时am/is/are+done2普经过去时was/were+done3 现现在在进进行行时时am/is/are being+done4 过过去去进进行行时时was/were being+done5 现现在完成在完成时时have been+done6 过过去完成去完成时时had been+done7普通未来时be going to/will be+done8 含情含情态动词态动词情情态动词态动词+be+done第19页1.只有及物动词才有被动语态。只有及物动词才有被动语态。2.像像happen，take place等不及物动词是等不及物动词是没有被动语态。没有被动语态。第20页3.带有介词短语动词被动语态带有介词短语动词被动语态,不要遗不要遗漏介词。如：漏介词。如：The children will be looked after well here.这些孩子在这里将受到很好照料。这些孩子在这里将受到很好照料。第21页4.以下情况惯用主动形式表示被动含以下情况惯用主动形式表示被动含义：义：系动词系动词feel，look，seem,appear，taste，sound，smell，prove，remain等用主动形式表示被动意义等用主动形式表示被动意义,主语通常主语通常是事物。如：是事物。如：The material feels very soft.这种料子摸这种料子摸起来很柔软。起来很柔软。第22页 write，read,clean，sell，wash,cook，open，close，lock等否定式或等否定式或与与well,badly,easily等副词连用等副词连用,主主语由内在品质或性能使谓语得以实现语由内在品质或性能使谓语得以实现或不能实现时。如：或不能实现时。如：The book sells well.那本书很畅销。那本书很畅销。The window wont open.这扇窗开不了。这扇窗开不了。第23页 cook，bake，make，print，pack，build，work out等动词用等动词用于进行时态时。如：于进行时态时。如：The fish is cooking.鱼正在煮。鱼正在煮。第24页非谓语动词解题方法以下：非谓语动词解题方法以下：首先要判断括号中所给动词是谓语动词还是非谓首先要判断括号中所给动词是谓语动词还是非谓语动词；若是谓语动词，语动词；若是谓语动词，一是依据主语与谓语动词关系判断用主动语态还一是依据主语与谓语动词关系判断用主动语态还是被动语态；是被动语态；二是依据详细语境来判断用哪一个时态；二是依据详细语境来判断用哪一个时态；三是要注意主谓一致，最终才能确定所填动词形三是要注意主谓一致，最终才能确定所填动词形式。式。第25页在确定谓语动词时态时在确定谓语动词时态时,我们可从三我们可从三个方面来进行判断：个方面来进行判断：1.看句子中时间状语或时间状语从句；看句子中时间状语或时间状语从句；2.在没有时间状语或时间状语从句时在没有时间状语或时间状语从句时,要看上下文谓语动词形式；要看上下文谓语动词形式；第26页3.看是否是特殊句型。如：看是否是特殊句型。如：was/were about to do.when.did It is/has been+时间段时间段+since 从句从句(普通过去时普通过去时)It had been+时间段时间段+since 从句从句(过过去完成时去完成时)第27页 It will be+时间段时间段+since 从句从句(普通普通现在时现在时)It/This/That is the first time that.have/has done.It/This/That was the first time that.had done.第28页 Hadly had+主语主语+done.when.did.No sooner had+主语主语+done.than.did.这么句型还有很多这么句型还有很多,平时要注意积累。平时要注意积累。第29页1.If you dont like the drink you _(order)just leave it and try a different one.灵活利用灵活利用依据此句意可知依据此句意可知,“点饮料点饮料”已经发生已经发生了了,不然怎么知道自己不喜欢呢？所以不然怎么知道自己不喜欢呢？所以空格处用普通过去时。空格处用普通过去时。ordered第30页2.Ill go to the library as soon as I finish what I _(do).句意是：我一完成我做工作就去图书馆。句意是：我一完成我做工作就去图书馆。因为因为“去图书馆去图书馆”用是普通未来时用是普通未来时,说说明要完成工作是明要完成工作是“现在现在”正在做事情正在做事情,故用现在进行时。故用现在进行时。am doing第31页3.The manager was worried about the press conference his assistant _(give)in his place but,luckily,everything was going on smoothly.依据句中依据句中was worried about和和everything was going on smoothly可知选取过去进行可知选取过去进行时。句意为：经理担心着他助手代替他所时。句意为：经理担心着他助手代替他所举行新闻公布会。但幸运是，一切进展顺举行新闻公布会。但幸运是，一切进展顺利。利。was giving第32页4.It is the most instructive lecture that I _(attend)since I came to this school.当一个受最高级形容词修饰名词受到定语当一个受最高级形容词修饰名词受到定语从句修饰时，该定语从句既可用普通过去从句修饰时，该定语从句既可用普通过去时，也可用现在完成时，但因为其后接了时，也可用现在完成时，但因为其后接了一个一个since引导时间状语从句，故空格处应引导时间状语从句，故空格处应填现在完成时。填现在完成时。have attended第33页5.In the last few years thousands of films _(produce)all over the world.时间状语时间状语in the last few years通常要与通常要与现在完成时连用。现在完成时连用。have been produced第34页6.Last month,the Japanese government expressed their thanks for the aid they _(receive)from China.从时间上看从时间上看,应该是先得到援助应该是先得到援助,然后才然后才表示感激表示感激,因为因为“表示表示”用是普通过去时用是普通过去时(expressed),所以所以“得到援助得到援助”就应用就应用过去完成时（过去完成时（had received）。）。had received第35页7.By the time Jack returned home from England,his son _(graduate)from college.显然，儿子大学毕业在先显然，儿子大学毕业在先,杰克返回家在后。而杰克返回家在后。而“返回返回”家用是普通过去时（家用是普通过去时（returned）,故儿故儿子大学毕业要用过去完成时（子大学毕业要用过去完成时（had graduated）。）。had graduated第36页8.Tom _(work)in the library every night over the last three months.因因over the last three months这类时间这类时间状语通常通常与现在完成时或现在完状语通常通常与现在完成时或现在完成进行时连用。成进行时连用。has been working第37页9.Tommy is planning to buy a car.I know.By next month,he _ _(save)enough for a used one.表示到未来某时表示到未来某时(next month)为止预为止预计要完成情况计要完成情况,英语要用未来完成。英语要用未来完成。will havesaved第38页10.Is everyone here？Not yet.Look,there _(come)the rest of our guests!因为以因为以here和和there开头引出倒装句通开头引出倒装句通常只用于普通时态常只用于普通时态,又因为句子主语又因为句子主语the rest of our guests为复数为复数,故填故填come。come第39页11.Barbara is easy to recognize as shes the only one of the women who _(wear)evening dress.依据句意依据句意,此处谈是普通情况此处谈是普通情况,要用普通现要用普通现在时在时;因为因为one of the women前有前有only修饰修饰,说明其后定语从句是修饰说明其后定语从句是修饰one,而不是修饰而不是修饰women,所以定语从句中谓语动词要用单数所以定语从句中谓语动词要用单数;故填故填wears。wears第40页12.Every few years,the coal workers _(have)their lungs X-rayed to ensure their health.依据句中依据句中every few years(每隔几年每隔几年)可可知知,动作带有经常性和规律性动作带有经常性和规律性,故用普故用普通现在时。通现在时。have第41页13.The book has been translated into thirty languages since it _(come)on the market in 1973.主句用现在完成时主句用现在完成时,since引导从句用普通过去时。引导从句用普通过去时。14.When you are home,give a call to let me know you _(arrive)safely.依据常识依据常识,说话人应该是叫对方说话人应该是叫对方“已经已经”到家后到家后才打电话报平安才打电话报平安,故选现在完成时。故选现在完成时。camehave arrived第42页15.Up to now,the program _(save)thousands of children who would otherwise have died.短语短语up to now意思是意思是“到现在为止到现在为止”,指从过去某时开始连续到现在一段时间指从过去某时开始连续到现在一段时间,通常与现在完成时连用。通常与现在完成时连用。has saved第43页16.For many years,people _(dream)of electric cars.However,making them has been more difficult than predicted.依据句意和句中时态以及依据句意和句中时态以及for many years(多年来多年来)可知可知,要用现在完成时。要用现在完成时。have dreamed第44页17.In the near future,more advances in the robot technology _(make)by scientists.依据句意和空格后介词依据句意和空格后介词by可知可知,空格空格处应用被动语态处应用被动语态;再依据句中再依据句中in the near future可知可知,应用普通未来时。应用普通未来时。will be made第45页18.Experiments of this kind _ _(conduct)in both the U.S and Europe well before the Second World War.因为主语因为主语experiments(试验试验)与动词与动词conduct(实施实施)之间为被动关系之间为被动关系,故谓语动词应用被故谓语动词应用被动语态动语态;又因为又因为the Second World War为过为过去时间去时间,所以所以before the Second World War就是就是“过去过去过去过去”,所以用过去完成时。所以用过去完成时。had beenconducted第46页19.After getting lost in a storm,a member of the navy team _(rescue)four days later.因为因为“海军士兵海军士兵”与与“营救营救”之间为被动之间为被动关系关系,故应用被动语态故应用被动语态;再依据再依据four days later可知用普通过去时。可知用普通过去时。was rescued第47页20.All visitors to this village _(treat)with kindness.依据句意可知依据句意可知,visitors(游客游客)与与treat(对待对待)之间为被动关系之间为被动关系,故用被动语态故用被动语态;因为句因为句中没有对应过去时间中没有对应过去时间,故用普通现在时。故用普通现在时。句意为句意为:全部来访这个村庄客人都会受到全部来访这个村庄客人都会受到友好对待。友好对待。are treated第48页21.The church tower which _ _(restore)will be open to tourists soon.The work is almost finished.依据句中依据句中.will be open to tourists soon(很快将对游客开放很快将对游客开放)以及以及 The work is almost finished(工程差不多快结束了工程差不多快结束了)可可知知,the church tower修复工程还正在进行修复工程还正在进行,故用现在进行时被动语态。故用现在进行时被动语态。is beingrestored第49页22.This coastal area _(name)a national wildlife reserve last year.因为因为this coastal area与与name之间为被之间为被动关系动关系,再依据句中再依据句中last year可知可知,用用普通过去时被动语态。普通过去时被动语态。was named第50页23.Linda,make sure the tables _(set)before the guests arrive.因为因为table(桌子桌子)与与set(摆摆,放置放置)之间为被之间为被动关系动关系,要用被动语态要用被动语态;又因为又因为make sure后接从句通常要用普通现在时表示未来意后接从句通常要用普通现在时表示未来意义义,故用普通现在时被动语态。故用普通现在时被动语态。are set第51页24.Youve failed to do what you _(expect)to and Im afraid the teacher will blame you.由由expect sb.to do sth.(期待某人做某事期待某人做某事)可可知知,you与与expect为被动关系为被动关系,要用被动语态要用被动语态;意思是指没有做意思是指没有做“过去安排好要做事过去安排好要做事”,于是担心受处罚于是担心受处罚,故用普通过去时被动语态。故用普通过去时被动语态。were expected第52页25.People say that a smile can _ _(pass)from one person to another,but acts of kindness from strangers are even more so.因因a smile与与pass是被动关系是被动关系,故用被动故用被动语态语态,注意情态动词后用原形。注意情态动词后用原形。be passed第53页26.When research _(assign),the professor expects the student to take it actively and to complete it with minimum guidance.谓语动词谓语动词,因因research(研究工作研究工作)与与assign(分配分配)是被动关系是被动关系,又依据前后时态又依据前后时态(如如expects)可知可知,此空应用普通现在时被动语此空应用普通现在时被动语态。态。is assigned第54页27.The meeting _(hold)tomorrow.因会议是被举行因会议是被举行,tomorrow表明用普通未来时。表明用普通未来时。28.All the tickets _(sell)out when they rushed there.因因rushed是过去动作是过去动作,在此之前就是过去过去在此之前就是过去过去,用过去完成时用过去完成时;票被卖完票被卖完,故用过去完成时被动故用过去完成时被动语态。语态。will be heldhad been sold第55页