and-chinese-thinking-on-translation--英语专业毕业论文设计.doc
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1、17 ContentsThe Influence of the Difference between English and Chinese Thinking on Translation1I.Introduction1II.The Thinking Modes of Chinese and English reflected in the Language3A.The Relationship of Thinking and Language3B.The Classification of Chinese and English Thinking Modes51. The Synthetic
2、 Thinking Mode vs. the Analytic Thinking Mode72.The Curvilinear Thinking Mode vs. the Linear Thinking Mode73. The Image Thinking Mode vs. the Abstract Thinking Mode84. The Ontological Thinking Mode vs. the Objective Thinking Mode9III.The Transfer of Thought Patterns in the Course of Translation11A.T
3、ransferring between Concreteness and Abstractness11B.Rearrangement of Word Order11C.Transferring between Covert Coherence and Overt Cohesion13D.Rearrangement of Sentence Structure14E.Transferring between the Subjective and the Objective15IV.Conclusion17Bibliography18Acknowledgements19The Influence o
4、f the Difference between English and Chinese Thinking on TranslationI.IntroductionNowadays, more and more Chinese People be come to realize that it is a very urgent task to learn English well so as to meet the needs and challenges of the society. Under this circumstance of English Frenzy, a series o
5、f problems correspondently arise like mushrooms. How to improve the qualities of English teaching and learning in China nation widely? How to overcome and avoid misunderstandings in communication? How to enhance the overall level of E-C & C-E translation etc. Concerned with these problems, scholars,
6、 in the field of foreign language teaching and the field of translation, have made new approaches to the principles and methods to actuate their work, e.g. 1994 witnessed a new discipline upon the scene when China Association for Comparative Study of English and Chinese (CACSEC) was established with
7、 the initiation made by Zhang Zhiying and other scholars(Zhang Zhiying,2000). However, a thorough study on the relationship between language and thought has been marginalized for long. In many books, dictionaries or monographs that specialized on language studies, this aspect is only a slight touch.
8、 As what the American scholar Marsh (2008) once noted in his book, American English Rhetoric, Even though English thought patterns are not native to you, once you understand them you can more easily imitate them. By doing so, you will succeed in writing more effective English. So, to write this pape
9、r means the author take the challenge to follow those preceding footsteps and make new accomplishment, for there have been earlier introductions to the topic from which I myself have benefited. Language, the most commonly accepted, is a system of arbitrary vocal symbols used for human communication.
10、 And thought, philosophically speaking, is a process of our human mind to reflect the objective reality. In terms of the relationship between language and thought, there are mainly two groups of views: the first is that language determines thought and the second is that thought determines language.
11、So the whole we are concerned with in this paper is whether our thoughts are formed in advance of the words that we utter or whether our ideas are formed in advance of the words that we utter or whether our ideas are formed in terms of the words themselves. This paper firstly takes a deep insight in
12、to the root of the dialectical relation between language and thought(Gong Aihua,2004). And then, Chinese and English thought pattern differences are listed in mainly three aspects, namely, image thought vs. abstract thought, synthetic thought vs. analytic thought, and subjective thought vs. objectiv
13、e thought. In addition, it has for centuries been taken for granted that translation merely takes place between languages(Gen Hongmin,2005). However, as proved by practice, translation cannot be viewed as a merely linguistic undertaking, but should be regarded as an aspect of a larger domain, namely
14、, that of communication. In the case of complex texts, translation involves not only linguistic proficiency but also encyclopedic knowledge(Ma Jiguang,1999). It always involves a process full of contradictions. Being an important aspect of inter-cultural communication, translation has an important r
15、ole to play in our epoch. Based on the relation between language and thought pattern, this paper explores the connection of translation with other disciplines, e.g. sociolinguistics& translation, contrastive linguistics& translation, and pragmatics& translation. Some skills or techniques on how to d
16、o E-C translation well are also highlighted in this paper, from which we can draw something beneficial to the enhancement of E-C translation (Zhu Shanjun,2005). Starting from the discussion of the dialectical relation between thought and language, this paper provides detailed coverage of Chinese and
17、 English thought pattern differences, their reflections on the two languages and text structure, and offers some techniques on how to do E-C translation well.II.The Thinking Modes of Chinese and English reflected in the LanguageA.The Relationship of Thinking and Language Human beings repeatedly reco
18、gnize and understand the objective things during their practice in nature, and then form ideas in their brains, with which they use to judge and deduce things. That is the formation process of human thinking. Thinking is a difficult term to define because of its abstract traits. Here are the definit
19、ions of thinking from some commanded dictionaries. On the page 2377 of Websters Third New International Dictionary and page 650 of Britannica, thinking is taken as the action of producing thoughts, or a means of getting something in the objective world. In Merriam-Websters Collegiate Dictionary, 10t
20、h Edition, thinking is defined as an act that uses ones mind or the power of reason to make judgments, to form opinions. The definitions mentioned above show that thinking couldnt be separated from the human brain. In Concise Social Scientance Dictionary, thinking is viewed as the indirect, general
21、reflection of objective substance, which is based on the social practice (Kaplan,1996). Now here is one of the definitions from the translation works. Fang Mengzhi takes it that way: Thinking is a cognitive process to make analysis, synthesis, judgment, inference etc. on the basis of figurativeness
22、and concept. The study of brain shows that thinking is the synthesis of the physical, chemical and physiological motional forms in the neurological centre of human brain. It is a kind of complicated form of the motion of matter (Nida.2001). These tend to show that thinking is generally called the co
23、gnitive activity compared with existence, such as consciousness and spirits. People can only accumulate a wealth of perceptual materials by repeated social practice, and then start the essential work of analysis and synthesis. They get the knowledge of the essence and development laws of things thro
24、ugh this way, and it can be applied to influence the objective world. Thinking has different forms such as logical thinking and image thinking etc. In short, thinking is an abstract thing that can impose its impact on the objective world(Ma Lanfang,2004). In a word, thinking reflects the objective r
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