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2018江苏高考英语专题三阅读理解第二步真题演练1带答案和解释.docx
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1、 真题演练(一)2017江苏 A 语篇解读本文是一篇应用文。文中作者向读者推荐了一本有关历史的书并介绍了其相关信息。56What is CHRONOLOGICA according to the text? AA biography. BA travel guide. CA history book. DA science fiction. 答案C 解析细节理解题。由倒数第二段中的“While CHRONOLOGICA tells the stories.this book also gives.”可知CHRONOLOGICA是一本书,再根据文章开头所说的这是一次穿越时间的迷人旅行(a fas
2、cinating journey through time)可判断这是一本历史书。故选C项。 57How does the writer recommend CHRONOLOGICA to readers? ABy giving details of its collection. BBy introducing some of its contents. CBy telling stories at the beginning. DBy comparing it with other books. 答案B 解析推理判断题。通读文章可知,作者提到了这本书的部分内容罗马的建立,因特网的缔造,罗马
3、皇帝及百年战争等。故选B项。 B Before birth,babies can tell the difference between loud sounds and voices.They can even distinguish their mothers voice from that of a female stranger.But when it comes to embryonic learning(胎教),birds could rule the roost.As recently reported in The Auk:Ornithological Advances,some
4、 mother birds may teach their young to sing even before they hatch(孵化)New-born chicks can then imitate their moms call within a few days of entering the world. This educational method was first observed in 2012 by Sonia Kleindorfer,a biologist at Flinders University in South Australia,and her collea
5、gues.Female Australian superb fairy wrens were found to repeat one sound over and over again while hatching their eggs.When the eggs were hatched,the baby birds made the similar chirp to their mothersa sound that served as their regular “feed me!” call. To find out if the special quality was more wi
6、despread in birds,the researchers sought the red-backed fairy wren,another species of Australian songbird.First they collected sound data from 67 nests in four sites in Queensland before and after hatching.Then they identified begging calls by analyzing the order and number of notes.A computer analy
7、sis blindly compared calls produced by mothers and chicks,ranking them by similarity. It turns out that baby red-backed fairy wrens also emerge chirping like their moms.And the more frequently mothers had called to their eggs,the more similar were the babies begging calls.In addition,the team set up
8、 a separate experiment that suggested that the baby birds that most closely imitated their moms voice were rewarded with the most food. This observation hints that effective embryonic learning could signal neurological(神经系统的) strengths of children to parents.An evolutionary inference can then be dra
9、wn.“As a parent,do you invest in quality children,or do you invest in children that are in need?” Kleindorfer asks.“Our results suggest that they might be going for quality.” 语篇解读这是一篇科普类的说明文。文章讲述了澳大利亚的一位生物学家通过研究发现,鸟儿在孵化时会进行胎教,幼鸟会用胎教时学会的鸟叫声来引起鸟妈妈的关注。鸟儿在胎教方面比人类更出色。58The underlined phrase in Paragraph
10、1 means “ ” Abe the worst Bbe the best Cbe just as bad Dbe just as good 答案B 解析词义猜测题。画线部分前面的语境说,婴儿在出生之前就能分辨很大的声响与人的嗓音(tell the difference between loud sounds and voices);画线部分后面的语境说,有些鸟妈妈在鸟儿被孵化出来之前,就可能教它们啼叫(teach their young to sing)。通过对比画线部分的前后我们发现,这里说的是与人类相比,鸟妈妈在胎教方面表现得最好(be the best),因此选B。 59What a
11、re Kleindorfers findings based on? ASimilarities between the calls of moms and chicks. BThe observation of fairy wrens across Australia. CThe data collected from Queenslands locals. DControlled experiments on wrens and other birds. 答案A 解析细节理解题。根据第三段的研究过程和第四段的研究结果可知,他的发现基于A项(鸟妈妈与幼鸟叫声的相似之处)。 60Embryon
12、ic learning helps mother birds to identify the baby birds which . Acan receive quality signals Bare in need of training Cfit the environment better Dmake the loudest call 答案C 解析推理判断题。文章最后两段说,研究结果发现,叫声与鸟妈妈的声音很接近的幼鸟得到的食物最多(the baby birds that most closely imitated their moms voice were rewarded with t
13、he most food),这表明,有效的胎教能够把孩子神经系统的优点发信号给母亲(signal neurological strengths of children to parents)。从这些信息判断,胎教能帮助鸟妈妈识别出更能适应环境的幼鸟,因此选C项。 C A new commodity brings about a highly profitable,fast-growing industry,urging antitrust(反垄断) regulators to step in to check those who control its flow.A century ago,t
14、he resource in question was oil.Now similar concerns are being raised by the giants(巨头) that deal in data,the oil of the digital age.The most valuable firms are Google,Amazon,Facebook and Microsoft.All look unstoppable. Such situations have led to calls for the tech giants to be broken up.But size a
15、lone is not a crime.The giants success has benefited consumers.Few want to live without search engines or a quick delivery.Far from charging consumers high prices,many of these services are free (users pay,in effect,by handing over yet more data)And the appearance of new-born giants suggests that ne
16、wcomers can make waves,too. But there is cause for concern.The Internet has made data abundant,all-present and far more valuable,changing the nature of data and competition.Google initially used the data collected from users to target advertising better.But recently it has discovered that data can b
17、e turned into new services:translation and visual recognition,to be sold to other companies.Internet companies control of data gives them enormous power.So they have a “Gods eye view” of activities in their own markets and beyond. This nature of data makes the antitrust measures of the past less use
18、ful.Breaking up firms like Google into five small ones would not stop remaking themselves:in time,one of them would become great again.A rethink is requiredand as a new approach starts to become apparent,two ideas stand out. The first is that antitrust authorities need to move from the industrial ag
19、e into the 21st century.When considering a merger(兼并),for example,they have traditionally used size to determine when to step in.They now need to take into account the extent of firms data assets(资产) when assessing the impact of deals.The purchase price could also be a signal that an established com
20、pany is buying a new-born threat.When this takes place,especially when a new-born company has no revenue to speak of,the regulators should raise red flags. The second principle is to loosen the control that providers of on-line services have over data and give more to those who supply them.Companies
21、 could be forced to reveal to consumers what information they hold and how much money they make from it.Governments could order the sharing of certain kinds of data,with users consent. Restarting antitrust for the information age will not be easy.But if governments dont want a data economy controlle
22、d by a few giants,they must act soon. 语篇解读本文是一篇议论文。随着网络的发展,有些大型数据公司控制着大量的数据。人们呼吁把这些巨头拆分。但问题的根源不在这里,反垄断部门应该出面打破这些公司的数据垄断局面,给小公司更多的生存机会。61Why is there a call to break up giants? AThey have controlled the data market. BThey collect enormous private data. CThey no longer provide free services. DThey dis
23、missed some new-born giants. 答案A 解析细节理解题。由第一段内容可知,信息犹如我们这个数据时代的石油,谷歌、亚马逊等这些巨头掌控着信息,成为最有价值的公司。这种情况导致人们要求把这些巨头拆分,由此可知选A项。 62What does the technological innovation in Paragraph 3 indicate? AData giants technology is very expensive. BGoogles idea is popular among data firms. CData can strengthen giants
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- 2018 江苏 高考 英语 专题 阅读 理解 第二 步真题 演练 答案 解释
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