新概念英语第三册41课笔记(逐句).doc

The quiet life of the country has never appealed to me. City born and city bred. I have always regarded the country as something you look at through a train window, or something you occasional visit during the weekend. Most of my friends live in the city, yet they always go into raptures at the mere mention of the country. Though they extol the virtues of the peaceful life, only one of them has ever gone to live in the country and he was back in town within six months. Even he still lives under the illusion that country life is somehow superior to town life. He is forever talking about the friendly people, the clean atmosphere, the closeness to nature and the gentle pace of living. Nothing can be compared, he maintains, with the first cock crow, the twittering of birds at dawn, the sight of the rising sun glinting on the trees and pastures. This idyllic pastoral scene is only part of the picture. My friend fails to mention the long and friendless winter evenings in front of the TV -- virtually the only form of entertainment. He says nothing about the poor selection of goods in the shops, or about those unfortunate people who have to travel from the country to the city every day to get to work. Why people are prepared to tolerate a four-hour journey each day for the dubious privilege of living in the country is beyond me. They could be saved so much misery and expense if they chose to live in the city where they rightly belong. If you can do without the few pastoral pleasures of the country, you will find the city can provide you with the best that life can offer. You never have to travel miles to see your friends. They invariably live nearby and are always available for an informal chat or an evening's entertainment. Some of my acquaintances in the country come up to town once or twice a year to visit the theatre as a special treat. For them this is a major operation which involves considerable planning. As the play draws to its close, they wonder whether they will ever catch that last train home. The city dweller never experiences anxieties of this sort. The latest exhibitions, films, or plays are only a short bus ride away. Shopping, too, is always a pleasure. There is so much variety that you never have to make do with second best. Country people run wild when they go shopping in the city and stagger home loaded with as many of the exotic items as they can carry. Nor is the city without its moments of beauty. There is something comforting about the warm glow shed by advertisements on cold wet winter nights. Few things could be more impressive than the peace that descends on deserted city streets at weekends when the thousands that travel to work every day are tucked away in their homes in the country. It has always been a mystery to me why city dwellers, who appreciate all these things, obstinately pretend that they would prefer to live in the country.

The quiet life of the country has never appealed to me. City born and city bred.
appeal[ə'pil]vi. appeal的基本意思是强烈的请求他人注意某事或希望他人认真考虑自己的请求,即“呼吁”“恳求”呼吁；有吸引力；求助；诉请;
appeal to sb.(吸引某人)
appeal to the court (向法院上诉)，
appeal to history (弓|证历史)，
appeal to the public (向大众呼吁)，
appeal to patriotism (引起爱国心)，
appeal to force (求助于武力)
breed[brid]vi.繁殖；饲养；产生(过去式bred)
bread[brɛd]n. 面包；生计vt. 在…上洒面包屑
宁静的乡村生活从来没有吸引过我。我生在城市，长在城市，

I have always regarded the country as something you look at through a train window, or something you occasional visit during the weekend.
regard[rɪ'ɡɑrd]n. 注意；尊重；问候；凝视vt. 注重，考虑；看待；尊敬；把…看作；与…有关vi. 注意，注重；注视
regard sth. as sth. 以为某物是某物
occasional[ə'keʒənl]adj. 偶然的；临时的；特殊场合的
总认为乡村是透过火车车窗看到的那个样了，或偶尔周末去游玩一下景象。

Most of my friends live in the city, yet they always go into raptures at the mere mention of the country.
rapture['ræptʃɚ]n.兴高采烈vt.使…狂喜(低频词汇)
mere[mɪr]adj. 仅仅的；只不过的
mention['mɛnʃən]vt. 提到，谈到；提及，论及；说起n. 提及，说起
at the mere mention of sth. 一提起某事就...
我的许多朋友都住在城市，但他们只要一提起乡村，马上就会变得欣喜若狂。

Though they extol the virtues of the peaceful life, only one of them has ever gone to live in the country and he was back in town within six months.
extol[ɪk'stol]vt.颂扬；赞美；赞颂
extol sth. = praise sth. enthusiastically(满腔热情地)
virtue['vɝtʃʊ]n.美德；优点；贞操；功效(人或物的普通意义上优点长处，或指人的美德)
peaceful['pisfəl]adj.和平的，爱好和平的；平静的
尽管他们都交口称赞宁静的乡村生活的种种优点，但其中只有一个人真去农村住过，而且不足6个月就回来了。

Even he still lives under the illusion that country life is somehow superior to town life.
illusion[ɪ'luʒn]n.幻觉，错觉；错误的观念或信仰
live under the illusion 存在幻觉
somehow['sʌmhaʊ]adv. 以某种方法；莫名其妙地
super['sʊpɚ]adj. 特级的；极好的n. 特级品，特大号；临时雇员
superior[su'pɪrɪɚ]adj.较上级的；较优秀的，较出众的；较高傲的
be superior to 比某物好
superior用作形容词时,本身含有“较”的意思,故不再有比较级或最高级形式,用“superior...to...”表示“两事物的比较”。
不能用superior...than...
即使他也仍存有幻觉，好像乡村生活就是比城市生活优越。

He is forever talking about the friendly people, the clean atmosphere, the closeness to nature and the gentle pace of living.
forever[fɚ'ɛvɚ]adv. 永远；不断地；常常
atmosphere['ætməsfɪr]n. 气氛；大气；空气
closeness['klosnɪs]n.亲密；接近；密闭；严密
gentle['dʒɛntl]adj.温和的；文雅的
peace[pis]n. 和平；平静；和睦；秩序
pace[pes]n. 一步；步速；步法vi. 踱步；缓慢而行vt. 踱步于；用步测
pace of living 生活节奏
他滔滔不绝地大谈友好的农民，洁净的空气，贴近大自然的环境和悠闲的生活节奏。

Nothing can be compared, he maintains, with the first cock crow, the twittering of birds at dawn, the sight of the rising sun glinting on the trees and pastures.
compare[kəm'pɛr]vt.比拟，喻为；[语]构成vi.相比，匹敌；比较，区别；比拟（常与to连用）
compare sth. with sth. 同类比 she compares me with my sister. 她把我和我妹妹比较；
compare sth. to sth. 不同性质比 we may well compare the little girl to a kitten. 我们可能把这个小姑娘比作小猫来看。
compare接with还可表示“比得上”,这种用法常出现在疑问句或否定句中,且常与can连用。
maintain[men'ten]vt.维持；继续；维修；主张；供养
he maintains 插入语，他坚持认为(断言)
cock[kɔk]n.公鸡；龙头；雄鸟；头目vt.使竖起；使耸立；使朝上
crow[kro]vi.啼叫；报晓
crowd[kraʊd]n. 群众,一伙;一堆,许多,大众v. 拥挤,挤满,挤进vt. 挤满,将...塞进;催促,催逼vi. 挤,拥挤,聚集
twitter['twɪtɚ]n.微博客，鸟叫声vt.吱吱叫；嘁嘁喳喳地讲
dawn[dɔn]n.黎明；开端vt.破晓；出现；被领悟
glint[ɡlɪnt]vi.闪烁vt.使闪光；使发光；（光线）反射；闪闪发光n.闪烁；闪光
pasture['pæstʃɚ]n.草地；牧场；牧草vt.放牧；吃草
他坚持认为，凌晨雄鸡第一声啼叫，黎明时分小鸟吱喳欢叫，冉冉升起的朝阳染红树木、牧场，此番美景无与伦比。

This idyllic pastoral scene is only part of the picture.
idyllic[aɪ'dɪlɪk]adj.田园诗的
pastoral['pæstərl]adj. 牧师的；牧人的；田园生活的；乡村的n. 牧歌；田园诗；田园景色
part of the picture 事实的一个方面
但这种田园诗般的乡村风光仅仅是一个侧面。

My friend fails to mention the long and friendless winter evenings in front of the TV -- virtually the only form of entertainment.
mention['mɛnʃən]vt. 提到，谈到；提及，论及；说起n. 提及，说起
friendless['frɛndləs]adj.没有朋友的；无依无靠的；孤单的
virtually['vɝtʃʊəli]adv.事实上，几乎；实质上(这个词很奇怪，在计算机词汇中是虚拟的意思)
He is the virtual head of my business. 他是我们公司的实际负责人。
entertain[,ɛntɚ'ten]vt. 娱乐；招待；怀抱；容纳vi. 款待
I like to entertain friends with music and refreshments at home. 我喜欢在家里用音乐和茶点招待朋友。
entertainment['ɛntɚ'tenmənt]n.娱乐；消遣；款待
我的朋友没有提到在电视机前度过的漫长寂寞的冬夜——电视是唯一的娱乐形式。

He says nothing about the poor selection of goods in the shops, or about those unfortunate people who have to travel from the country to the city every day to get to work.
say nothing about 对某事闭口不谈
unfortunate[ʌn'fɔrtʃənət]adj. 不幸的；令人遗憾的；不成功的
fortune['fɔrtʃən]n. 财富；命运；运气
fortunate['fɔrtʃənət]adj. 幸运的；侥幸的；吉祥的；带来幸运的
他也不说商店货物品种单调，以及那些每天不得不从乡下赶到城里工作的不幸的人们。

Why people are prepared to tolerate a four-hour journey each day for the dubious privilege of living in the country is beyond me.
prepare[prɪ'pɛr]vt. 准备；使适合；装备；起草vi. 预备；做好思想准备
prepare to do do 准备做某事
be prepared to do 情愿做某事(原意且有能力做什么)
tolerate['tɑləret]vt.忍受；默许；宽恕
dubious['dubɪəs]adj.可疑的；暧昧的；无把握的；半信半疑的
privilege['prɪvlɪdʒ]n. 特权；优待；基本权利vt. 给与…特权；特免
beyond[bɪ'jɑnd]prep. 超过；越过
人们为什么情愿每天在路上奔波4个小时去换取值得怀疑的乡间的优点，我是无法理解的。

They could be saved so much misery and expense if they chose to live in the city where they rightly belong.
save sb. sth. 为某人节省某物
save doing sth. 免得做某事
misery['mɪzəri]n.痛苦，悲惨；不幸；苦恼；穷困
expense[ɪk'spɛns]n.损失，代价；消费；开支vt.向…收取费用
rightly['raɪtli]adv. 正确地；恰当地；公正地；合适地
belong[bɪ'lɔŋ]vi. 属于，应归入；居住；适宜；应被放置
要是他们愿意住在本来属于他们的城市，则可以让他们省去诸多不便与节约大量开支。

If you can do without the few pastoral pleasures of the country, you will find the city can provide you with the best that life can offer.
do without 没有...也行，用不着 We can do without your advices, thank you. 我们用不着你的意见，谢了。
pastoral['pæstərəl]adj.牧师的；牧人的；田园生活的；乡村的
pleasure['plɛʒɚ]n. 快乐；希望；娱乐；令人高兴的事vt. 使高兴；使满意vi. 高兴；寻欢作乐
best[bɛst]n. 最好的人，最好的事物；最佳状态adj. 最好的adv. 最好地
如果你愿舍弃乡下生活那一点点乐趣的话，那么你会发出城市可以为你提供生活最美好的东西。
that life can offer是定语从句，修饰the best；意思是，生活所能带给你的一切好东西。
整句话不妨这么翻译：(进了城)，你就会发现，生活中一切最美好的东西，城市都能够给你提供。

You never have to travel miles to see your friends.
你去看朋友根本不用跋涉好几英里；

They invariably live nearby and are always available for an informal chat or an evening's entertainment.
invariably[ɪn'vɛrɪəbli]adv. 总是；不变地；一定地
avail[ə'vel]n. 效用，利益v. 有益于，有益于；使对某人有利。
available[ə'veləbl]adj.有效的，可得的；可利用的；空闲的
availability[ə,velə'bɪləti]n. 可用性；有效性；实用性
be available for sth. 对某事有利
formal['fɔrml]adj. 正式的；拘谨的；有条理的n. 正式的社交活动；夜礼服
informal[ɪn'fɔrml]adj.非正式的；不拘礼节的；通俗的；日常使用的
chat[tʃæt]n.聊天；闲谈vt.与…搭讪；与…攀谈
entertainment['ɛntɚ'tenmənt]n.娱乐；消遣；款待
因为他们都住在附近，你随时可以同他们聊天或在晚上一起娱乐。

Some of my acquaintances in the country come up to town once or twice a year to visit the theatre as a special treat.
acquaint[ə'kwent]vt. 使熟悉；使认识(The book acquaint him with something. 这本书使他了解到一些情况。)
acquaintance[ə'kwentəns]n.熟人；相识；了解；知道
treat[trit]vt.治疗；对待；探讨；视为n. 请客；款待
treat用作名词的意思是“乐趣,愉快的事”,指不常得到或意料之外的事,常用单数形式,与a连用。
我在乡村有一些熟人，他们每年进城来看一回或几回戏，并把此看作一种特殊的享受。

For them this is a major operation which involves considerable planning.
major['medʒɚ]adj.主要的；重要的；主修的；较多的(必记词汇)
involve[ɪn'vɑlv]vt.包含；牵涉；使陷于；潜心于(involve这里表示需要=require/call for)
consider[kən'sɪdɚ]vt. 考虑；认为；考虑到；细想vi. 考虑；认为；细想
considerable[kən'sɪdərəbl]adj. 相当大的；重要的，值得考虑的
This job involves great ability and will to travel.
看戏在他们是件大事，需要精心计划。

As the play draws to its close, they wonder whether they will ever catch that last train home.
draw[drɔ]vt. 画；拉；吸引vi. 拉；拖
ever['ɛvɚ]adv. 永远；曾经；究竟
draw to a close/an end 临近完结;
Nobody Will ever know 与Nobody Will know 的区别
其实就是ever这个词的语气,显得这个句子更加无奈.
歌词里经常会用could you ever know 翻过来就是你是否可以明白?
楼主多看看,多体会体会
这里that不是从句 是个指示代词 表示那个类同do u that boy who is standing there!
当戏快演完时，他们又为是否能赶上末班火车回家而犯愁。

The city dweller never experiences anxieties of this sort.
dweller['dwɛlɚ]n.居民，居住者
experience[ɪk'spɪrɪəns]n. 经验；经历；体验vt. 经验；经历；体验
anxiety[æŋ'zaɪəti]n. 焦虑；渴望；挂念；令人焦虑的事
这种焦虑，城里人是从未体验过的。

The latest exhibitions, films, or plays are only a short bus ride away.
late[let]adj. 晚的；迟的；已故的；最近的adv. 晚；迟；最近；在晚期
later['letɚ]adv. 后来；稍后；随后adj. 更迟的；更后的
latest['letɪst]adj. 最新的，最近的；最迟的n. 最新的事物(最新、最近或最迟)
latter['lætɚ]adj. 两者中后者(Of the two the latter is far better than the former. 两者中后者远比前者好。)
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1．late adj. & adv. 迟，迟的，晚的，晚期，在晚期。
He is never late for school. 他上学从不迟到。
The train was 10 minutes late. 火车晚点十分钟。

2. later adj. & adv. 为late比较级，意指较迟，较晚一些。如：
Two hours later, the ship sank. 两小时后，轮船沉没了。
See you later! 再见！

3．latter adj. 意思是指（两者中）后者的，后者，反义词是former，（两者中）前者。注意，不要把latter与late的比较级later混淆。如：
Of the two the latter is far better than the former.
两者中后者远比前者好。
Of pigs and cows, the latter (=the cows) are more valuable.
猪牛两种动物中，后者较有价值。

4．latest adj. & adv. 为late的最高级。意思是最新、最近或最迟搜索。如：
The radio is broadcasting the latest news about the man-made satellite.
电台正在播送有关人造卫星的最新消息。
A British car company was about to sell its latest type of car in Germany.
一家英国汽车公司正要在德国出售其最新型的汽车。

5．lately adv. (=recently) 最近，近来，通常用于现在完成时态，如：
The old palace has lately been rebuilt. 古老的宫殿最近得以重建。
Have you seen him lately? 你最近见到过他吗？
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exhibit[ɪɡ'zɪbɪt]vt. 展览；显示；提出(证据等)n. 展览品；证据；展示会vi. 展出；开展览会
exhibition[,ɛksɪ'bɪʃən]n. 展览，显示；展览会；展览品
bus ride 乘公共汽车
坐公共汽车几站路，就可看到最新的展览、电影、戏剧。

Shopping, too, is always a pleasure. There is so much variety that you never have to make do with second best.
variety[və'raɪəti]n. 多样；种类；杂耍；变化，多样化(3000)
make do with sth. 凑合着用
second best 第二好
买东西也是一种乐趣。物品种繁多，从来不必用二等品来凑合。

Country people run wild when they go shopping in the city and stagger home loaded with as many of the exotic items as they can carry.
wild[waɪld]adj. 野生的；野蛮的；狂热的；荒凉的n. 荒野adv. 疯狂地；胡乱地
run wild 失去控制；变得荒芜
stagger['stægɚ]vt.蹒跚；使交错；使犹豫n.蹒跚；交错安排
exotic[ɪɡ'zɑtɪk]adj. 异国的；外来的；异国情调的
乡里人进城采购欣喜若狂，每次回家时都买足了外来商品，直到拿不动方才罢休，连走路都摇摇晃晃的。

Nor is the city without its moments of beauty.
nor[nɔr]conj. 也不；也不是adv. 也不；也没有(nor 并非，也不，为否定词，用于句首时，句子的主语与谓语动词要倒装。)
moment['momənt]n. 重要，契机；瞬间；重要时刻；指定时刻
beauty['bjuti]n.美；美丽；美人；美好的东西
moments of beauty 美丽的时刻
城市也并非没有良辰美景。

There is something comforting about the warm glow shed by advertisements on cold wet winter nights.
comfort['kʌmfɚt]n. 安慰；舒适；安慰者vt. 安慰；使(痛苦等)缓和
glow[ɡlo]vi.发热；洋溢；绚丽夺目n.灼热；色彩鲜艳；兴高采烈
glow是无烟的发光发热，比如烟火就不能用它，稳定的灯光一般用glow,比如文中用来修饰霓虹灯光，有时太阳的发光发热也可以用这个词；
shed[ʃɛd]vt. 流出；摆脱；散发；倾吐vi. 流出；脱落；散布n. 小屋，棚；分水岭
advertisement[,ædvɚ'taɪzmənt]n. 广告，宣传
wet[wɛt]vt.弄湿n.雨天；湿气
there是引导词 is是谓语 something 是主语
comforting 是现在分词作后置定语
about the warm glow 是介词短语作定语修饰something comforting
about (表示原因)由于, 因为
shed by advertisements是过去分词短语 作定语修饰 the warm glow
on cold wet winter nights是介词短语作状语修饰 谓语动词there is
comforting是现在分词 这里相当于形容词 令人感到舒服的 所以要加ing
about是 关于 有关 的意思

句子字面意思 在这寒冷潮湿的冬夜里 有 令人舒服的东西 这个东西是由于广告牌上散发出来的暖暖的流光
寒冷潮湿的冬夜里，广告灯箱发出的暖光，会给人某种安慰。

Few things could be more impressive than the peace that descends on deserted city streets at weekends when the thousands that travel to work every day are tucked away in their homes in the country.
impressive[ɪm'prɛsɪv]adj. 感人的；令人钦佩的；给人以深刻印象的
peace[pis]n. 和平；平静；和睦；秩序
descend[dɪ'sɛnd]vi. 下降；下去；下来；遗传；屈尊vt. 下去；沿…向下
deserted[dɪ'zɝtɪd]adj. 荒芜的；被遗弃的v. 遗弃(desert的过去式和过去分词)
tuck[tʌk]vt.卷起；收拢
周末，当成千上万进城上班的人回到他们的乡间寓所之后，空旷的街市笼罩着一种宁静气氛，没有什么能比此时的宁静更令人难忘了。

It has always been a mystery to me why city dwellers, who appreciate all these things, obstinately pretend that they would prefer to live in the country.
mystery['mɪstəri]n. 秘密，谜；神秘，神秘的事物；推理小说，推理剧；常作 mysteries 秘技，秘诀
dweller['dwɛlɚ]n.居民，居住者
appreciate[ə'priʃɪet]vt. 欣赏；感激；领会；鉴别vi. 增值；涨价
obstinately['ɑbstɪnət]adj.顽固的；倔强的；难以控制的
城里人对这一切心里很明白，却偏要执拗地装出他们喜欢住在乡村的样子，这对我来说一直是个谜。