大型商场火灾公众责任保险风险评估方法及应用研究.doc
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1、 中国地质大学硕士学位论文大型商场火灾公众责任保险风险评估方法及应用研究A Dissertation Submitted to China University of Geosciences for the Degree of Master of Safety Technology and EngineeringResearch on Fire Risk Assessment method of the Large-scale Markets about the Public Liability Insurance of FireMaster Candidate:Luo YongboMajor
2、:Safety Technology and EngineeringSupervisor:Ding XinguoChina University of GeosciencesWuhan 430074 P. R. China研究生学位论文原创性声明我以诚信声明:本人提交的题名为“大型商场火灾公众责任保险风险评估方法研究及应用”的硕士学位论文是在导师丁新国教授的指导下独立研究完成的,文中关于大型商场火灾风险评估结论和火灾公众责任保险的费率厘定模型,系本人独立研究得出,不包含他人研究成果。文中所引用他人的观点、方法及认识均已经在文中标注,所应用他人之数据、图件、资料均已征得所有者同意,并且也有明确标
3、注,对论文的完成提供过帮助的有关人员也已在文中说明并致以谢意。学位论文作者(签字): 签字日期:年月日大型商场火灾公众责任保险风险评估方法及应用研究摘 要近年来,大型商场由于安全管理不善,导致特大火灾事故绵绵不断,从火灾事故统计数据,我们知道,造成这些重大火灾事故,大部分都与责任人或责任因素有关,但由于各地火灾公共责任保险的投保面窄,投保额低,政府在灾害事故的善后工作中承担着巨大的压力。 这种状况既不利于社会的稳定,也不利于经济社会的可持续发展。因此,在积极预防灾害、加强安全管理的同时,充分发挥火灾公众责任保险的作用,加快建立因他方责任而造成的第三者财产损失和人身伤害的补偿机制,显得十分紧迫和
4、必要。保险公司应提升服务水平,充分发挥保险经济杠杆的作用,根据保险标的的不同风险实行浮动费率,体现“奖优罚劣”的目的。作为保险部门,通过火灾风险评估可以全面考察商场的火灾风险状况,研究商场的火灾风险如何随外界条件的改变而变化,以便为寻求最优的安全投资提供可靠的理论依据。它的主要任务是准确识别系统中存在的火灾风险因素,并对这些火灾风险因素的影响程度做出恰当的评估,量化被评估对象的火灾风险状况,为提出控制与处理事故的措施和方案奠定基础。可见,如何科学地评估大型商场火灾风险状况,既有利于火灾公众责任保险业务稳定经营,也为核保提供技术支持。因此,它是保险行业迫切需要解决的问题,它为制定合理的火灾公众责
5、任保险费率和出具防灾防损建议提供科学依据。本文就火灾公众责任保险在全面推行过程中,对一定会遇到的问题作了较为细致的研究。其主要结论如下:(1)在全面了解国内外火灾公众责任保险实施的基础上,详细论述现阶段我国火灾公众责任保险强制实施的重要性和紧迫性。论述国内外火灾风险评估方法研究现状、发展趋势以及在保险行业的应用状况。(2)论文对商场火灾危险性进行了分析,讨论了因素集、评估集、单级评估、评估计算模型和多级评估模型,并在此基础上建立了以商场建筑自身安全、灭火救援力量、疏散系统、人员特征以及防火管理为子集的大型商场火灾风险模糊评估的三级指标体系,采用专家调查表方法确定了评估指标的权重系数。(3)模糊
6、综合评估方法可以对难以定量的多因素体系做出定量评估,它可以将定量的问题以及人们对此问题的主观判断有数量的形式表达出来,并进行模糊运算处理。它在一定程度上能减少人的主观错误,使评估更加科学合理。本论文采用模糊综合评估方法对大型商场火灾风险进行评估,具有一定的理论和现实意义。(4)在商场火灾风险评估研究的基础上,对火灾公众责任保险的费率厘定作了进一步的探讨,并制定了科学合理的定价模型,对当前火灾公众责任保险的全面推行,具有相当重要的现实意义。(5)本文通过对武汉某商场的火灾风险评估,演示了所提出的方法的可行性,它为保险公司和商场的风险控制工作提供技术支撑。关键词:火灾公共责任保险 火灾风险评估 费
7、率 风险控制Research on Fire Risk Assessment Method of the Large-scale Markets about the Public Liability Insurance of FireMaster Candidate:Luo Yongbo Supervisor:Ding XinguoABSTRACTRecently, the bad safety management causes the big fire accident continuously in the large-scale markets. From the fire accid
8、ent statistics data, these big fire accidents are related to the owners or the responsibility factors. However, because the limited insured items and low lines of the Public Liability Insurance of Fire, government was undertaking the huge pressure at the following-up treatment of disaster. This kind
9、 of condition does not only favor the social stability, but also the sustainable development of economic society. Therefore, when we prevent the disaster and enhance the safety control positively we should display the function of the Public Liability Insurance of Fire fully, speeds up the establishm
10、ent of compensation mechanism for the third party property damage and the person injures caused by another source of responsibility, that appears extremely urgent and essential.Insurance companies should upgrade their service standards and give full play as the role of insurance economic levers. It
11、should practice a floating rate according to the various subject matter of insurance, reflecting the purpose of “reward the good and fine the bad”. As the insurance sector, they can have a comprehensive study of the fire risk situation by conducting the fire risk assessment. They do research on how
12、the fire risk will be changing with the changed of the conditions of the outside world, in order to provide a reliable theory for seeking the best safety investment. Its main task is to identify the fire risk factors which are existed in the system accurately, and to do some appropriate assessment a
13、bout the impact level of the fire risk factors, and to quantify the situation of the fire risk of the evaluated-objects. Through above steps, they can lay out the foundations to measures and programmes. So, How to evaluate the fire risk conditions of shopping malls scientifically is not only good to
14、 conduct the fire public liability insurance stability, but to provide technical supports for underwriting. Therefore, it is the impressing problem to be addressed in the insurance industry. It also provides scientific suggestions for formulating a reasonable rate of fire of public liability insuran
15、ce and telling out the advices of disaster prevention and loss Prevention.This article is on the careful research about the problems we will meet during the comprehensive process when we carry out the Public liability Insurance of Fire. As follows are the main conclusions:(1)On the basic of having a
16、 comprehensive understanding of the implementation of the Public Liability Insurance of Fire at home and abroad, discussing in detail that the importance and urgency of the enforcemented implementation of the Public Liability Insurance of Fire at the stage in our country. Discussing the research sta
17、tus, developing trend and the application in the insurance aboat the fire risk assessment methods at home and abroad.(2)the paper has carried on the analysis to the hazard of market fires, the discussion about the factor system, the evaluation system, single class evaluation, evaluation calculation
18、model and multilevel evaluation mode. And established in this foundation we have established the three level standards system which is about the fuzzy appraisal of large-scale market s fire risks which consists of the buildings own security, the fire fighting rescue strength, the scattered system, t
19、he personnel characteristic as well as the fire protection management. Subsystem factors were ascertained. Using experts research method, the author made sure the weight of the fire evaluation system.(3)Fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method can make quantitative assessment on the multi-factors syste
20、m . The quantitative problems and the Peoples subjective judgements on this issue can be expressed in the way of amout, and to do fuzzy processing. To a certain extent, it can reduce the subjective mistakes and make the evaluation more scientifically. This paper used fuzzy comprehensive method to ev
21、aluate the fire risk of Large-scale Markets, has a theoretical and practical significance.(4)on the basis of assessment research of market fires risks, the author make the further discussion about the tariff of the Public Liability Insurance of Fire, and formulate the scientific and reasonable model
22、 of fixing price, which have the practical significant influence on the comprehensive carrying out the Public Liability Insurance of Fire.(5)through the assessment of fires risks to some market in Wuhan, the author demonstrates the feasibility of the method which proposed. It provides the effective
23、technical support for the insurance company and the control of risk to Large-scale Markets.Key Words: the Public Liability Insurance of Fire fire risk assessment the tariff the control of risk目 录第一章 绪 论1 1.1 课题的研究背景11.1.1 我国大型商场火灾形势严峻11.1.2大型商场火灾特点21.1.3 火灾公众责任保险的强制推行必要性31.2 国内外火灾风险评估方法在保险业中的应用现状41.
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