外研版八年级下册单词表单词用法详解.doc

外研版英语初二下册单词详解 Module 1 1.smell smel v. (smelled/smeld/, smelled/smeld/; smelt/smelt/, smelt/smelt/)有的气味；闻; n. 气味 It smells delicious.2.soft sft adj. 软的；柔软的-hard 硬的3.soursa(r) adj. 酸的；馊的go sour 变酸 4.cookie kk n. 小甜饼；曲奇饼-cookies5.pizza pi:ts n. 比萨饼 6.lovelylvl adj. 令人愉快的；可爱的7.done dn adj. 做完的do-did-donebe done 做完; 完成 My homework is done.8.try tra n. 尝试；努力have a try 试一下；尝一尝try to do sth 尽力做某事I will try to finish the work today.try ones best to do sth 竭尽全力做某事I will try my best to help you.9.pie pa n. 馅饼；派 -pies10.sound sand v. 听起来；n. 声音Sounds great.11.sweet tooth 对甜食的爱好have a sweet tooth 喜欢甜食12.salts:lt n. 盐；食盐-salty 咸的13.jamdm n. 果酱traffic jam 交通堵塞14.for f:; f 用于；（表示持续时间）达, 计15.favouritefevrt n. 最喜欢的人或事16.ear n. 耳朵 -ears17.glassesgl:sz n. 用复数眼镜a pair of glasses 一副眼镜18.jeans di:nz n. 用复数牛仔裤a pair of jeans 一条牛仔裤19.nervous n:vs adj. 情绪不安的；紧张的 nervously adv.be nervous about 对感到紧张I am nervous about the coming exam.20.fair fe adj.（头发）金色的，浅褐色的 公平的；公正的 its not fair. 博览会 book fair 书展21.pretty prt adj.秀丽的；标致的adv. 相当22.proud prad adj. 感到自豪的；骄傲的be proud of 为而感到骄傲We are proud of the Great Wall.take pride in为而感到骄傲We take pride in the Great Wall.23.strangerstrend n. 陌生人strange-stranger-strangers24.message mesd n.电子邮件；口信；messagessend a short message 发条短信take a message 捎个信 leave a message 留个信25. sb. cant wait to do sth 迫不及待地做某事I cant wait to meet you.26.hobby hb n. 业余爱好 -hobbiesWhats your hobby?27.at school sku:l上学；在学校28.in n prep. 参加；加入；在期间; 用，按照，以（某方式或风格）29.mark m:k n. 分数 ;标记 marks point / grade/ score/ mark分数make a mark 做标记get good marks 考得好 get bad marks30.love lv n.（用于信尾）爱你的 Module 2 1.ever ev adv. 曾经；从来；在任何时候(现在完成时标志词，位于过去分词前) Have you ever visited the museum?2.enter ent v. （使）参加；（使）报名 进入=go into enter the roomenter the competition 参加比赛petition kmptn n. 比赛；竞争competitions4.prize praz n. 奖品；奖项 - prizesthe first prize 一等奖price 价格win the first prize 获一等奖5.dream dri:m n. 梦；梦想；-dreamsv. (dreamed/dri:md/, dreamed; dreamt/dremt/, dreamt)做梦；梦到；梦想I had a terrible dream. 我做了一个可怕的梦。dream of doing sth 梦想做某事He dreams of travelling to the moon. 6.afford f:d v. (有财力)买得起，付得起I cant afford the car.cant afford to buy买不起I cant afford to buy the car.7.write about 编写；写作(wrote; written)8.make up 编写；创作；编造 (made)Dont make up any excuses. 不要编造借口。9.invite nvat v. 邀请invite sb to do sthHe invited his friends to watch a movie.10.move mu:v v. 搬家；移动move to 搬到 move to Beijing11.send send v.（sent, sent） 派遣去；发送send sb to do sth 派某人做某事The boss sent him to work in Beijing.12.Germany d:mni: n. 德国German 德语；德国人-Germans 13.France fr:ns n. 法国 French 法语14.tower ta n. 塔 towers15.ancient ennt adj. 古老的；古代的modern 现代的16.king k n. 国王；君王17.queen kwi:n n. 女王；王后18.Arabic rbk n. 阿拉伯语19.way we n. 方式;方法；方面; 道路 (ways)He is like his father in many ways.In this way, you can learn English well.这样，你就能学好英语。20.mix mks v. 相混合；融合mix A with B 把A和B混合在一起21.miss ms v. 惦念；怀念；想念22.count kant v. 数；清点The little boy can count from 1 to 100.23.count down 倒数；倒计时 Module 3 1.earth : n. 地球; 泥土 on the earth2.moon mun n.月亮；月球 on the moon3.news nju:z n. 新闻；消息(不可数)a piece of news/ some newsnewspaper报纸(可数)4.planet plnt n. 行星（planets）5.reach ri:t v. 到达；达到（数量）抵达(及物动词)reach sw到达某地 He reached Beijing at 8.get to sw He got to BJ at 8./ get therearrive in / at sw He arrived in Bj at 8.arrive at the station.He hasnt arrived.6.yet jet adv. 还，尚（表示某事尚未发生，但未来也许可能发生）现在完成时的标志词。常位于句末。 用于疑问句：表示“已经”Have you finished your homework yet?Not yet. 用于否定句：表示“还没” Tom hasnt arrived yet.7.just dst adv. 刚刚；现在完成时的标志词。位于have /has 后。He has just come back. 他刚刚回来。just now 刚才 （一般过去时的标志词）8.model mdl n. 模型;模范 models9.spaceship spesp n. 航天器；宇宙飞船10.project prdekt n. 计划；工程；项目-projects Project Hope 希望工程11.no problem prblm 没问题（用于表示乐于做某人要求做的事）12.latest letst adj. 最近的；最新的 the latest最新的;最近的 the latest news late 晚;迟 be late for Were you late again? later 后来；后Three days later 三天后13.on n prep. 在（播放）中；关于14.discover dskv(r) v. 发现；找到discover 发现 发现世上本来就存在的东西Columbus discovered the new land.哥伦布发现了新大陆。find 找到 发现 find out 弄清 查明 look for 寻找invent 发明15.astronaut strn:t n. 宇航员（可数）16.space travel spes trvl 航天旅行17.none nnprop. 一个也没有；一点也没有 表示“一个也没有；一点也没有；都不”none的反义词是all，none 3者none 通常和of 连用none of them /usnone 可以指人也可以指物。例： None of the problems is easy to solve 这些问题没有一个是容易解决的 None of us knows the answer.18.environment nvarnmnt n. 环境We need to protect the environment.19.solar sl(r) adj. 太阳的；与太阳有关的20.system sstm n. 系统；体系;制度education system 教育体系21.solar system太阳系22.group ru:p n. 群；组；集团work in groups 以小组形式活动a group of students 一群学生23.galaxy lks n. 星系24.universe ju:nv:s n. 宇宙25.light lat n. 光线；光亮/灯 / 轻的 Traffic lights 交通灯 street lights 路灯 light 轻的-heavy 重的26.impossible mpsbl adj.不可能的Its impossible to do sth polite礼貌的 -impolite不礼貌的27.out at adv. 在远方municate kmju:nket v. 联系；交流communicate with sb 和某人交流Do you often communicate with your parents? Module 4 1.cough kf n. 咳嗽；v. 咳嗽2.fever fi:v(r) n. 发烧；发热have a fever 发烧3.headache hedek n. 头痛have a headache 头疼4.stomach stmk n. 腹部；肚子5.ache ek n. 痛；疼痛6.stomach ache 胃疼；腹疼have a stomachache肚子疼7.toothache 牙痛8.ill l n.生病的；有病的 He is ill. 他生病了。ill -illnessillnesses n.疾病9.since sns prep. 自以来；conj. 自从现在完成时的标志词。既可以作介词，也可以做连词。He has made many friends since last year.since 作连词时，主句用现在完成时，从句用一般过去时。He has made many friends since he came to China.10.cold kld n. 感冒；伤风catch a cold kt 感冒(非延续)have a cold感冒（延续）11.take tek v. （用机器）测定，量取；有规律的吃、喝12.take sbs temperature temprt(r)量某人的体温Have you taken your temperature?13.fast food fu:d n. 快餐食品14.health hel n. 健康- healthy adj健康的He worries about his health.Keep healthy15.well wel adj. 健康的 adv. 好地good-wellHe is well, He plays football well 16.heart h:t n. 心脏 -hearts17.active ktv adj. 积极的；活跃的be active in doing 积极地做某事active-activity18.pet pet n. 宠物；宠畜pets19.member memb(r) n. 成员；会员membersfamily member 家庭成员20.take part in 参加，参与（某项活动）=join in I often take part in school activities.join 加入（某个组织或团体）Id like to join the football club.21.conditionkndn n. 状况；身体状况22.be in excellent condition ekslnt 健康状况很好23.sleepysli:p adj. 困的；想睡的asleep adj. 睡着的 fall asleep 入睡sleep n.&v. 睡觉；睡眠24.then en adv. 当时；那时25.daily del adj. 每天的；天天的day-daily26.weakwi:k adj. 弱的；虚弱的-strong be weak in 在某方面弱/差He is weak in Chinese27.illnesslns n. 病；疾病ill-illness-illnesses28.exercise ekssaz v.&n. 运动；锻炼take/get exercise 锻炼身体29.awful :fl adj. 极讨厌的；极坏的feel awful 感到不舒服30.all over 浑身；到处（常位于句末）31.perhaps phps adv. 可能；也许(句首)Perhaps he wont come . Module 5 1.cartoon k:tu:n n. 漫画；动画片cartoon-cartoons 2.handsome hnsm adj. 漂亮的；英俊的3.smart sm:t adj.机灵的；聪明的;时尚的4.sky ska n. 天；天空in the sky5.fight fat v. 与战斗；打架 n. 斗争（fought; fought） fight with sb 和某人打架 He never fights with others. fight illness 与疾病作斗争6.cool ku:l adj.时髦的；酷的7.hero hr n. 英雄；男主角-heroes8.humoroushju:mrs adj.幽默的；滑稽的humour n.幽默 sense of humour 幽默感9.cant help doing sth. 忍不住做某事We couldnt help laughing when we heard the funny story. 听到这个滑稽的故事我们禁不住笑起来。10.laugh l:f v. 笑；发笑 laugh at sb 嘲笑某人 We shouldnt laugh at others.11.lesson lesn n. 经验；教训-lessonshave a good lesson 得到教训12.orange-and-white rnd adj.橙白相间的13.ugly l adj.难看的；丑陋的beautiful14.win the heart of sb. 赢得某人的心(won)= be popular with 受到的欢迎The cartoon has won the hearts of children.这部卡通片赢得了孩子们的心。15.schoolbag sku:lbg n. 书包16.lead li:d v. 领导；率领(led; led)lead -leader n.领导人lead the way 领路lead to 导致=causeWhat led to the accident? 什么导致了这场事故？17.clever klev(r) adj.聪明的；机灵的Its clever of you. 你真聪明。18.as z conj. 当时;（一边一边）He sang as he worked.他边工作边唱歌。 正如 As we all know, 众所周知， 随着 As time goes by, 随着时间的流逝 按照 You must do as what I say.你必须按照我说的去做。 作为 As students, we must study hard.19.mess mes n. 脏乱；凌乱*in a mess 一片狼藉 -tidy(整洁的)Look！ Your room is in a mess.l make a mess 弄得乱七八糟l Dont make a mess at home.20.heaven hevn n. 天国；天堂21.expect kspekt v. 期盼；等待 expect to do sth I expect to hear from you.expect sb to do 期待某人做某事I expect you to change your mind.我期待你改变主意。22.artist :tst n. 艺术家；画家art-artist-artists23.invent nvent v. 发明；创造 invention n. 发明 -inventor 发明者Bell invented the phone. 贝尔发明了电话。Chinas four great inventions 中国的四大发明24.copykp n. （一）本；（一）份 v.复制；抄袭（copies） a copy of newspaper Dont copy others homework.25.black-and-white adj. 黑白的26.own n adj. 自己的 V.拥有ones own 某人自己的 my own roommy own 我自己的 myself 我自己He owns a large house.他拥有一个大房子。on ones own =alone 独自27.private pravt adj. 私人的；个人的private cars 私家车 private letters 私人信件 private school 私立学校28.create kret v. 创造 eg. God created the world. 上帝创造了世界。creation n. creative adj. 有创造性的29. satisfy stsfa v. 满足；使满意satisfied adj. 满意的(修饰人)satisfying adj. 令人满意的（修饰物）be satisfied with 对感到满意=be pleased withI am satisfied with your work.be satisfied to do sth I am satisfied to win the first prize. Module 6 1.fan fn n. 扇子; 爱好者 -fans2.stamp stmp n. 邮票-stampscollect stamps3.tidy up (动词词组)使整齐；使整洁He tidies up his room every day.4.shelf elf n. 隔板；架子-shelves book shelf 书架5.have a look 看一看have a look at 看一下May I have a look at your camera?6.as z prep. 作为；当Mo Yan is famous as a writer.As students, we should work hard.7.coin kn n. 硬币-coins (cent 美分)8.note nt n. 纸币，便条; 笔记-notes9.pound pand n. 英镑(货币单位); -pounds 磅（重量单位）-poundsThree pounds of meat10.dollar dl(r) n.（美、加拿大,澳等国）元dollars 11.must mst v.aux. 一定，肯定（用于表示某事可能是真实的）He must be at home./ He must be a student.12.valuable vljubl adj. 值钱的；有价值的value n. 价值；有用性13.with w prep. 用14.value vlju: n. 价值；有用性15.just dst adv. 只是；仅仅 -only16.person p:sn n. 人（通常指成年人）persons personal 个人的people (本身就是复数，无单数)17.interest ntrst n. 兴趣；爱好-interestsinteresting 有趣的；令人感兴趣的interested 感兴趣的be interested in 对感兴趣 He is interested in reading.18.skill skl n. 技能；技艺-skills eg. life skills 生活技能19.activity ktvt n. 活动-activitiesactive n. 积极的 be active in doing sth 积极地做某事20.sailing sel n. 航海；航行sail v. 航行e out 出版；问世；出来His book came out last week. 他的书上周出版了。22.result rzlt n. 结果；后果（results）23.as a result， 结果；因此(后加逗号)24.pleasure ple(r) n. 愉悦；快乐pleasant adj 令人愉快的With pleasure. 非常乐意-Can you help me with my English? -With pleasure. My pleasure. 不客气= You are welcome.25.success skses n. 成功；成就get success 取得成功。success -successful-successfully succeed v. 成功 succeed in doing He succeeded in passing the exam. Module 7 1.listlst n. 名单；清单make a list 列清单 Make a shopping list. 列一个购物清单2.crazy krez adj. 发疯的；荒唐的eg. You must be crazy. 你一定疯了。be crazy about 痴迷于(表示特别喜欢)Eg. He is crazy about basketball.3.at the end of 在的结尾（或末端）eg. At the end of the month 在月末4. at the end of the street. 在街道的尽头in the end 最后= at lastEg. He won the match in the end.5.shorts :ts n. 【用复数】短裤6.trousers trazz n. 【用复数】裤子-pants7.sunglasses sngl:sz n. 太阳镜；墨镜8.homestay hmste n. 家庭寄宿9.weigh we v. 重量有；重eg. The dog weighs about 20 pounds.10.total ttl adj. 总的；全部的 eg. the total weight 总重量 the total population 全部人口11.weight wet n. 重量 put on weight. 发胖lose weight. 减肥12.passport p:sp:t n. 护照（passports）13.cultureklt(r) n. 文化14.at the same time 同时15.last l:st v. 持续；延续 上一个 last weekHow long does the film last? Two hours.这部电影多长时间？ 两小时。16.depend dpend v. 视而定；决定于depend on 取决于；依靠；依赖信赖eg.-Will we go on a trip?-It depends on the weather.我们去旅行吗？这取决于天气。Eg. We shouldnt depend on our parents too much. 我们不应该太依赖父母。17.provide prvad v. 提供；供应provide sth for sb 为某人提供某物=provide sb with sth. The Internet provides lots of information for us.The internet provides us with lots of information.18.test test v & n. 测验；考试 eg. I will test your English level .我将测试你们的英语水平。have a test 考试 have an English test.考英语19.exam n. 考试 The final exam. 期末考试20.progress prres n. 进步；进展；（不可数） v. 推进make progress 取得进步 Make great progress 取得巨大的进步Eg. Study hard and make progress every day. 好好学习，天天向上。21.guest est n. 客人；宾客(guests)22.daily life del 日常生活23.form f:m v. 形成；组成 n. 表格; 形式；eg. 4 students form a group. 4个学生组成一个小组。I told him the news in the form of a letter .我以信的方式告诉了他这个消息。24.friendship frendp n. 友谊；友好25.stay / keep in touch with sb. 与某人保持联系eg. He still stays in touch with his old friends.26.prefer prf:(r) v. 更喜爱；钟爱=likebettereg. I prefer apples.= I like apples better.prefer A to B 喜欢A不喜欢BEg. He prefers apples to bananas.prefer doing to doing Eg. I prefer dancing to singing.我喜欢跳舞不喜欢唱歌。27.certain s:tn adj. 确定的；无疑的 be certain of 对有把握 Im certain of winning the match. 我有把握英这场比赛。 Its certain that Its certain that the earth is round.地球的确是圆的。certainly当然28.fill fl v. 填满；填充fill A with B 用B装满Aeg. Please fill the glass with water.请把杯子里倒满水。be filled with 装满/盛满/挤满 The glass is filled with water. 杯子里装满了水。= be full of The glass is full of water.杯子里装满了水。29. fill out 填写；填充 Module 8 1.hardly h:dli adv. 几乎不；几乎没eg. He hardly plays games.他几乎不玩游戏。hard 努力地; 困难的； 硬的Work hard 努力学习almost / nearly 几乎Almost no one can answer the question.几乎没有人能回答这个问题。2.take up 占据（时间或空间）eg. The work took up two days.这项工作占了两天的时间。Eg. The piano takes up too much room.这架钢琴占得地方太大了。3.point out pnt 指出；指明eg. He pointed out my mistak