艰难时世人物分析.doc
《艰难时世人物分析.doc》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《艰难时世人物分析.doc(25页珍藏版)》请在咨信网上搜索。
1、(完整版)艰难时世人物分析中国地质大学江城学院阅读A4课程(论文)评析艰难时世中的功利主义 姓 名: 刘文超 专 业: 英语(英日方向) 班 级: 41301201 学 号: 4130120120 评阅老师: 潘婷婷 论文外文题目: Analysis of Utilitarian in Hard Times 论文主题词: 艰难时世 功利主义 人性的摧残 悲剧根源 外文主题词: Britain Industrial Revolution Utilitarianism destroy humanity root cause of tragic fate Jiangcheng College, Ch
2、ina University of Geosciences English Title:Analysis of Utilitarian in Hard Times Student: Liu Wenchao Teacher: Pan Tingting A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of requirements for the course ofReading A4 in Jiangcheng College, China University of Geosciences June 16th, 2014摘 要 查尔斯狄更斯(18121870
3、),英国19世纪杰出的批判现实主义小说家.他的代表作之一艰难时世反映了他对18、19世纪英国工业革命后社会及人们状态的理解与担忧.小说通过生动的现实生活描写和细致的人物形象刻画,向读者展示了英国资产阶级社会的道德现状与社会图景。 通过分析小说艰难时世中两个典型的功利主义者一葛擂硬和庞得员以及其他主要人物的命运,指出资产阶级信奉的极端功利主义对人性的摧残,并且是造成这些人物命运悲剧的根源。关键词:艰难时世 功利主义 人性的摧残 悲剧根源ABSTRACT Charles Dickens (18121870), a distinguished British critical realism nov
4、elist in19th century . One of his masterpiece, Hard Times reflects his understanding and concern about the state of society and the people after the British Industrial Revolution in the 18th and 19th century 。This Novel through depict real life vivid and portray characters detailed, to show readers
5、the moral status of the British bourgeois society and the social picture. By analyzin-g the novel ”Hard Times in a two typical utilitarian Gradgrind and Bounderby, as well as other characters around them, it is concluded that the extreme utilitarianism destroys humanity and is the root cause of thes
6、e characters tragic fates。Key word: Industrial Revolution Utilitarianism Destroy humanity Root cause of tragic fate目 录1 引言12 功利主义的简介2 2。1 创立背景22。2 理论与原则23 艰难时世中的人物43.1 功利主义的捍卫者43。2 功利主义的受害者63。3 功利主义下的幸存者84 功利主义造成的悲剧94。1 婚姻失败94。2 名利双失94.3 生命逝去9结束语14参考文献15CONTENTS1 Introduction12 Brief Introduction of
7、 Utilitarianism22。1 Forming background22.2 Theories and Principles23 The description of characters in Hard Times43。1 The defender of utilitarianism43。2 The victims of the utilitarianism63。3 The survivors of utilitarianism84 The tragedy of utilitarianism94.1 Failed marriage94。2 Lose fame94。3 Lose lif
8、e9Conclusion.。.14References.15IX1 Introduction Charles Dickens was an English novelist, generally considered the greatest of the Victorian period. Dickens enjoyed a wider popularity and fame than had any previous author during his lifetime. He has achieved popular recognition to a degree rarely equa
9、led in English men of letter since the publication of his first novel. And he created 15 novels in his lifetime, and Hard Times is one of it. The Lesvis wrote: in all the works of Charles Dickens , Hard Times is the book, which contains his all genius , and there is an advantage only this book have,
10、 that is, it is a serious art completely。(Lesvis,2002)In ”Hard Times”, the Dickens shows us a wealth of characters, such as the defense of utilitarianism, mercenary Mr。 Bounderby; such as the man who believes the truth philosophy hard, and hurts his daughters Mr. Gradgrind; and kind Rchael These fle
11、sh-andblood characters constitute Hard Times” this great work。 Through depicts these figures, Dickens expressed his criticism of the utilitarian forcefully. Hard Times makes a special and important role in the creation of Dickens, the former Soviet literary critic An W Lunacharsky called this novel
12、On contemporary literature and art for the capitalism, is generally given it one of the most powerful hit ”. ”( English literature,1986) The first half of novel is the groundwork , describing the utilitarian” form of existence, while the latter half, highlight the adverse effects of utilitarianism.
13、From three parts of the novels title can also be seen, such as the first part is called Sowing”, second part is called ”Reaping and third part is called ”Garnering. It is with the intention of providing the readers with a better understanding of Hard Times that I have decided to write this paper .(D
14、ickens,1994) 162 Brief Introduction of UtilitarianismUtilitarianism as a whole is considered to be any moral theory corresponding to which an action is right if and only if it conforms to the principle of utility, or productiveness。 Utilitarianism represents an extension into moral theory of an expe
15、rimental, scientific mode of reasoning because it involves the calculation of causal consequences. 2.1 Forming backgroundThe utilitarianism, is an ethical system which formed based on the modern western industrial revolution.It originated inancient Greece,through the depression in Middle Ages,recove
16、red in the age of enlightenment,formed the theoretical system of systems in eighteenth Century。 Jeremy Bentham was an English philosopher who founded the principle of utilitarianism。 Theutilitarianism that he foundedis known as theclassical utilitarianism,with the development ofcapitalism, has exper
17、ienced prosperityand height period。 2.2 Theories and Principles The theory of Utilitarianism states that actions should be judged as right or wrong depending on whether they cause more happiness or unhappiness。 It weighs the rightness and wrongness of an action based on consequences of that action。
18、Actions are to be judged right or wrong mainly by their own consequences. Nothing else matters。 Right actions are those that have the best consequences. The only thing that matters is the amount of happiness and unhappiness that is caused。 Therefore the right actions are those that produce the highe
19、st ratio of happiness over unhappiness. So in judging the consequences only the wants of happiness and pain are relevant morally。 When finding happiness and unhappiness thats caused ones own happiness is to be looked at more important than anyone elses. Every person is equally important as the next
20、when it comes to happiness.Jeremiah bentham said that utilitarianism is:”When we agree or disagree to any kind of behavior , we are watching the behavior is increasing or decreasing the happiness of those involved; in other words, in order to enhance the behavior of those involved or in violation of
21、 happiness prevail。” .People use utilitarian principle to guide action, they are mercenary, interests become the foundation and source of happiness, anything can satisfy personal interests is reasonable and desirable, otherwise, it is unreasonable and undesirable; social and moral standards become u
22、nlimited pursuit of happiness, and the root of happiness lies in the self-interest of the greatest satisfaction.However,Manchestereconomistsarebelievers andinheritance of utilitarianism,they believe that people are thematerial things,is the economicanimal,is amoney making machine,is the pursuit ofse
- 配套讲稿:
如PPT文件的首页显示word图标,表示该PPT已包含配套word讲稿。双击word图标可打开word文档。
- 特殊限制:
部分文档作品中含有的国旗、国徽等图片,仅作为作品整体效果示例展示,禁止商用。设计者仅对作品中独创性部分享有著作权。
- 关 键 词:
- 艰难 时世 人物 分析
1、咨信平台为文档C2C交易模式,即用户上传的文档直接被用户下载,收益归上传人(含作者)所有;本站仅是提供信息存储空间和展示预览,仅对用户上传内容的表现方式做保护处理,对上载内容不做任何修改或编辑。所展示的作品文档包括内容和图片全部来源于网络用户和作者上传投稿,我们不确定上传用户享有完全著作权,根据《信息网络传播权保护条例》,如果侵犯了您的版权、权益或隐私,请联系我们,核实后会尽快下架及时删除,并可随时和客服了解处理情况,尊重保护知识产权我们共同努力。
2、文档的总页数、文档格式和文档大小以系统显示为准(内容中显示的页数不一定正确),网站客服只以系统显示的页数、文件格式、文档大小作为仲裁依据,平台无法对文档的真实性、完整性、权威性、准确性、专业性及其观点立场做任何保证或承诺,下载前须认真查看,确认无误后再购买,务必慎重购买;若有违法违纪将进行移交司法处理,若涉侵权平台将进行基本处罚并下架。
3、本站所有内容均由用户上传,付费前请自行鉴别,如您付费,意味着您已接受本站规则且自行承担风险,本站不进行额外附加服务,虚拟产品一经售出概不退款(未进行购买下载可退充值款),文档一经付费(服务费)、不意味着购买了该文档的版权,仅供个人/单位学习、研究之用,不得用于商业用途,未经授权,严禁复制、发行、汇编、翻译或者网络传播等,侵权必究。
4、如你看到网页展示的文档有www.zixin.com.cn水印,是因预览和防盗链等技术需要对页面进行转换压缩成图而已,我们并不对上传的文档进行任何编辑或修改,文档下载后都不会有水印标识(原文档上传前个别存留的除外),下载后原文更清晰;试题试卷类文档,如果标题没有明确说明有答案则都视为没有答案,请知晓;PPT和DOC文档可被视为“模板”,允许上传人保留章节、目录结构的情况下删减部份的内容;PDF文档不管是原文档转换或图片扫描而得,本站不作要求视为允许,下载前自行私信或留言给上传者【天****】。
5、本文档所展示的图片、画像、字体、音乐的版权可能需版权方额外授权,请谨慎使用;网站提供的党政主题相关内容(国旗、国徽、党徽--等)目的在于配合国家政策宣传,仅限个人学习分享使用,禁止用于任何广告和商用目的。
6、文档遇到问题,请及时私信或留言给本站上传会员【天****】,需本站解决可联系【 微信客服】、【 QQ客服】,若有其他问题请点击或扫码反馈【 服务填表】;文档侵犯商业秘密、侵犯著作权、侵犯人身权等,请点击“【 版权申诉】”(推荐),意见反馈和侵权处理邮箱:1219186828@qq.com;也可以拔打客服电话:4008-655-100;投诉/维权电话:4009-655-100。