动词不定式的形式课件省公共课一等奖全国赛课获奖课件.pptx

动词不定式动词不定式 动词不定式形式动词不定式形式 动词不定式（动词不定式（the Infinitive）是一个非谓语动词）是一个非谓语动词,由由“to+动词原形动词原形”组成，组成，其否定式是其否定式是“not to+动词动词原形原形”。动词不定式即使不能作谓语动词，但仍保留。动词不定式即使不能作谓语动词，但仍保留动词特征，它能够有自己宾语或状语而组成动词不定动词特征，它能够有自己宾语或状语而组成动词不定式短语。如式短语。如to study hard，to play basketball。GrammarGrammar第1页动词不定式动词不定式动词不定式时态和语态动词不定式时态和语态 主动形式主动形式 被动形式被动形式 普通式 to do to be done 完成式 to have done to have been done 进行式 to be doing 完成进行式 to have being doing 时态时态 语态语态 GrammarGrammar第2页动词不定式动词不定式动词不定式时态和语态动词不定式时态和语态 1.Kate hopes to become a university student this year.凯特希望今年能成为一名大学生。2.Im sorry to have kept you waiting.很抱歉让你久等了。3.They seemed to be discussing something important.他们似乎正在讨论主要事情。4.She wishes to be sent to work in Shanghai.她希望能被派到上海工作。Examples：GrammarGrammar第3页动词不定式动词不定式动词不定式句法功效动词不定式句法功效 1 1作主语作主语 To talk with him is a great pleasure.注意：动词不定式短语作主语时，为了保持句子平衡，往往用it作形式主语，而把不定式短语置于谓语动词之后。如：It is a great pleasure to talk with him.It is a great pleasure to see you again.GrammarGrammar第4页动词不定式动词不定式动词不定式句法功效动词不定式句法功效 3 3作宾语作宾语（1）有些及物动词惯用动词不定式作宾语。这些动词有：ask,want,try,hope,wish,learn,choose,decide,expect,afford等。如：Lucy wants to buy a computer.We cant afford to go on vacation this year.2 2作表语作表语His wish is to become a basketball star like Yao Ming.GrammarGrammar第5页动词不定式动词不定式动词不定式句法功效动词不定式句法功效 3 3作宾语作宾语（2）不定式短语作宾语时，假如还带有宾语补足语宾语补足语，往往把不定式宾语放在宾语补足语之后，而用it作形式形式宾语宾语。如：I find it interesting to study yoga.GrammarGrammar第6页动词不定式动词不定式动词不定式句法功效动词不定式句法功效 4 4作复合宾语中宾语补足语作复合宾语中宾语补足语常跟不定式作宾补动词有：ask,invite,help,tell,hear，make等。如：I invited her to have coffee.Tell the children not to play on the street.GrammarGrammar第7页动词不定式动词不定式动词不定式句法功效动词不定式句法功效 4 4作复合宾语中宾语补足语作复合宾语中宾语补足语注：（1）在feel,hear,see,watch,notice等感官动词感官动词或let,make,have等使役动词使役动词后面，复合宾语中动词不定式通常不带不带to。但上述动词转换为被动结构被动结构时，其后不定式仍须带须带to。如：We often hear him sing in the room.He was seen to enter the theatre.GrammarGrammar第8页动词不定式动词不定式动词不定式句法功效动词不定式句法功效 5 5作定语作定语动词不定式可用作修饰名词名词或代词代词定语，用作定语不定式需跟在所修饰名词或代词之后跟在所修饰名词或代词之后。如：We need someone to help him with the typing.She is a very nice person to work with.GrammarGrammar第9页动词不定式动词不定式动词不定式句法功效动词不定式句法功效 6 6作状语作状语动词不定式可用作修饰动词动词或形容词形容词状语，通常放在其修饰动词或形容词之后动词或形容词之后。如：(1)The young often come here to listen to the old mantell stories.(作目标状语)(2)Everyone will be surprised to see the changes in Beijing.(作原因状语)(3)The hall is big enough to hold a lot of people.(作结果状语)GrammarGrammar第10页动词不定式动词不定式动词不定式句法功效动词不定式句法功效 7 7动词不定式其它使用方法动词不定式其它使用方法(1)疑问词+动词不定式疑问词what，who，which，when，where，how和连词whether之后，可跟一个带“to”不定式，组成一个特殊不定式短语，可在句中作主语、宾语、表语作主语、宾语、表语。如：How to get there has not been decided yet.（主语）Kate didnt know what to say.（宾语）GrammarGrammar第11页动词不定式动词不定式动词不定式句法功效动词不定式句法功效 7 7动词不定式其它使用方法动词不定式其它使用方法（2）“for+名词或代词宾格+不定式”和“of+名词或代词宾格+不定式”使用方法当前面形容词表示不定式行为特点时，惯用“for+名词或代词宾格+不定式”结构引出不定式逻辑主语；而当前面形容词表示不定式逻辑主语，即行为人品行特点时，则用“of+名词或代词宾格+不定式”结构引出不定式逻辑主语。如：Its impossible for him to finish the work himself.Its very kind of you to help him every day.GrammarGrammar第12页A.Read and translate.A.Read and translate.1.Each bird loves to hear itself sing.2.Early to bed and early to rise makes a man healthy,wealthy and wise.3.Eat to live,but not live to eat.4.It is hard to please all.5.One is never too old to learn.6.To save time is to lengthen life.GrammarGrammar人人都有悦己之心。人人都有悦己之心。早睡早起，健康、财富、智慧伴你行。早睡早起，健康、财富、智慧伴你行。吃饭为了生存，但生存吃饭为了生存，但生存不能只为了吃饭。不能只为了吃饭。众口难调众口难调。活到老，学到老。活到老，学到老。珍惜时间就是延长生命。珍惜时间就是延长生命。第13页B.Think and match.B.Think and match.1.His wish is2.Its fun 3.She didnt work hard enough 4.Mr.Lin refused5.She is a nice person 6.They asked me a.to work with.b.not to worry about the accident.c.to become a scientist.d.to pass the exam.e.to talk with his manager.f.to swim in summer.作定语作定语作宾补作宾补作状语作状语作宾语作宾语作主语作主语GrammarGrammar作表语作表语第14页C.Think and rewrite.C.Think and rewrite.1.This book tells you how you can win at chess.This book tells you _ at chess.2.Could you please tell me where I can buy the dictionary?Could you please tell me _ the dictionary?3.The students are discussing what they will do with the rubbish.The students are discussing _with the rubbish.Many countries have discovered how they can save their rainforests.Many countries have discovered how to save their rainforests.how to winwhere to buywhat to doGrammarGrammarExample A:Example A:第15页C.Think and rewrite.“Please send the letter for me.”Lily said to Mary.Lily asked Mary to send the letter for her.4.Mrs.Green said to us,“Turn off the lights when leaving the room.”Mrs.Green told us _ off the lights when leaving the room.5.“Dont stay up too late,Tom”.Mother said.Mother told Tom _ up too late.6.“Dont make so much noise!”The police ordered the young man.The police ordered the young man _ so much noise.to turnnot to staynot to makeExample B:Example B:GrammarGrammar第16页D.Read and complete.1._(生活在上海)is my lifetime dream.2.Father promised _ (给他买辆自行车)on his 18th birthday.3.Could you help me _（寻找钥匙）?I cant find them.4.After walking for three hours,we stopped _(休息)5.Its so hot today.Id like to have _(喝东西).To live in Shanghaito buy him a new bicycle(to)look for the keysto have a restsomething to drinkGrammarGrammar第17页ConsolidationConsolidationWhat have we learned?1.The rainforest and the problems of it.greatest treasure,valuable,warm,a lot of rain,perfectFor animals and plants,home for half the speciesDisappearing,being cut for wood,cleared for cities androads,burned for farmland2.Ways to protect the rainforest.Ecotourism,set aside land as wild rainforest3.Grammar:the Infinitive 动词不定式动词不定式作主语，作宾语，作定语，作状语，作宾补，作表语作主语，作宾语，作定语，作状语，作宾补，作表语疑问词疑问词+不定式，不定式，Dont forget the words and expressions!Dont forget the words and expressions!Dont forget the words and expressions!Dont forget the words and expressions!第18页HomeworkHomeworkWhat will we do?1.Review the words and phrases2.in this section.2.Brainstorm some words about rainforests.3.Finish the workbook exercises.4.Read and retell the passage.5.Discuss with your friends abouthow to protect wild animals and write a short passage.And finish off the workbook.And finish off the workbook.And finish off the workbook.And finish off the workbook.第19页