初中英语形容词比较级最高级讲义含习题及答案.doc

初中英语语法之形容词比较级和最高级讲练

　　(一)一般句式的构成： A + is / are+ 形容词比较级+ than + B
　　A 是主格 B 是宾格
　　如： She is taller than me.
　　主格 形容词比较级 宾格
　　（二）英语形容词比较级的构成
　　英语形容词比较等级有三个：原级，比较级和最高级。
　　形容词比较等级形式变化有规则的和不规则的两种。
　　规则变化
　　1）单音节词末尾加-er（比较级），-est（最高级）
　　【例】 原级 比较级 最高级
　　great greater greatest
　　small smaller smallest
　　clean cleaner cleanest
　　2）单音节如以e结尾，只加-r（比较级），-st（最高级）
　　【例】 fine finer finest
　　wide
　　wide wider widest
　　3）闭音节单音节词如末尾只有一个辅音字母，须先双写这个辅音字母，再加-er（比较级），-est（最高级）
　　【例】 big bigger biggest
　　hot hotter hottest
　　red redder reddest
　　4）少数以-y，-er，ow，-ble结尾的双音节词，末尾加-er（比较级），-est（最高级）。以-y结尾的词，如-y前是辅音字母，则变y为-i，再加-er和-est。以-e结尾的词只加-r和-st。
　　【例】 clever cleverer cleverest
　　narrow narrower narrowest
　　able abler ablest
　　easy easier easiest
　　5）其它双音节和多音节词皆在前面加单词more和most。
　　【例】 careful more careful most careful
　　difficult more difficult most difficult
　　delicious more delicious most delicious
　　不规则变化
　　原级 比较级 最高级
　　good/well better best
　　bad worse worst
　　many/much more most
　　little less least
　　far farther/further farthest/furthest
　　注：有些形容词一般没有比较等级。如： right, wrong, woolen等。
　　形容词的比较等级的用法：比较级用于二者的比较。
　　【例】 Li Ping is older than Wang Hai. 李平比王海年纪大。
　　There are more students in Class One than in Class Two.一班比二班学生多。
　　二、 形容词各等级的用法：
　　1、 原级（同级）比较：as…as…; not as(so)…as…
　　We’ll give you as much help as we can.
　　She isn’t as(so)active in sports as before.
　　2. 比较级：表示两者之间比…… 更……可用状语much, a little, even等修饰： He made fewer mistakes than I did.
　　He is even richer than I.
　　3、 高级：形容词最高级前必须加the, 副词最高级前常省略the，后面多用of……， in……短语表示范围：
　　It was the most/least interesting story I have ever listened.
　　He is the tallest of the three.
　　4、 如果在两者之间表示“最……”时要在比较级前加the，而且还用of the two, of the pair短语：
　　John is the clever of the two boys.
　　Of the two boys, John is the clever.
　　三、 重点与难点：
　　1、 as…as…结构：你和汤姆是一样好的孩子。
　　You’re a boy as good as Tom.=You’re as good a boy as Tom.
　　2、 (1)too…to与 so…that sb.can’t…的句型转换：前者为简单句，主语只有一个，而后者为复合句，主语有两个，试比较：
　　The man was too angry to be able to speak.
　　The man was so angry that he wasn’t able to speak.
　　The milk was too hot to drink.
　　The milk was so hot that we can’t drink it.
　　(2) too…to…与 not enough to句型的转换：
　　He is too young to get married.=He is not old enough to get married.
　　The book is too difficult for me to read.=
　　The book is not easy enough for me to read.
　　3、 形容词原级表示比较级含义：
　　约翰不象迈克那么苯。John is not so stupid as Mike.
　　John is less stupid than Mike.
　　John is cleverer than Mike.
　　4、 用比较级表示最高级：约翰是班里最高的男生。
　　John is taller than any other boy in the class.
　　John is the tallest boy in the class.
　　John is taller than :any other boy.
　　any of the other boy.
　　all the other boy.
　　any of the others.
　　any one else.
　　5、 the more….. the more….表示“越……越……”:
　　The more books you read, the wider your knowledge is.
　　The more food you eat, the fatter you are.
　　6、 more and more….表示“越来……越……”:
　　More and more students realized the importance of a foreign language.
　　Our country is getting stronger and stronger.
　　Mid-Autumn Festival
　　Mid-Autumn Day

　　形容词比较级和最高级
　　绝大多数形容词有三种形式,原级,比较级和最高级, 以表示形容词说明的性质在程度上的不同。
　　　　形容词的原级: 形容词的原级形式就是词典中出现的形容词的原形。 例如: poor tall great glad bad
　　　　形容词的比较级和最高级: 形容词的比较级和最高级形式是在形容词的原级形式的基础上变化的。 分为规则变化和不规则变化。
　　　　规则变化如下:
　　　　1) 单音节形容词的比较级和最高级形式是在词尾加 -er 和 -est 构成。
　　　　great (原级)            (比较级)            (最高级)
　　　　2) 以 -e 结尾的单音节形容词的比较级和最高级是在词尾加 -r 和 -st 构成。
　　　　wide (原级)          (比较级)           (最高级)
　　　　3)少数以-y, -er, -ow, -ble结尾的双音节形容词的比较级和最高级是在词尾加 -er 和 -est 构成。
　　　　clever(原级)           (比较级)            (最高级)
　　　　4) 以 -y 结尾,但 -y 前是辅音字母的形容词的比较级和最高级是把 -y 去掉,加上 -ier 和-est 构成.
　　　　happy (原形)         (比较级)            (最高级)
　　　　5) 以一个辅音字母结尾其前面的元音字母发短元音的形容词的比较级和最高级是双写该辅音字母然后再加 -er和-est。
　　　　big (原级)             (比较级)            (最高级)
　　　　6) 双音节和多音节形容词的比较级和最高级需用more 和 most 加在形容词前面来构成。
　　　　beautiful (原级)?　              (比较级)                 (比较级)
　　　　difficult (原级)                 (最高级)               (最高级)
　　　　常用的不规则变化的形容词的比较级和最高级:
　　　　原级------比较级------最高级
　　　　good------better------best
　　     many------more------most
　　　　much------more------most
　　　　bad------worse------worst
　　　　far------farther, further------farthest, furthest
　　　　形容词前如加 less 和 least 则表示"较不"和"最不"
　　　　important 重要 less important 较不重要 least important 最不重要
　　　　形容词比较级的用法:
　　　　形容词的比较级用于两个人或事物的比较,其结构形式如下:
　　　　主语+谓语(系动词)+ 形容词比较级+than+ 对比成分。 也就是, 含有形容词比较级的主句+than+从句。注意从句常常省去意义上和主句相同的部分, 而只剩下对比的成分。
　　　　Our teacher is                 we are. 我们老师的个子比我们的高。
　　　　It is          today than it was yesterday. 今天的天气比昨天暖和。
　　　　This picture is                   than that one. 　这张照片比那张照片漂亮。
　　　　This meeting is                   than that one. 这次会议不如那次会议重要。
　　　　The sun is                   than the moon. 太阳比月亮大得多。
　　　　形容词最高级的用法:
　　　　形容词最高级用于两个以上的人和物进行比较, 其结构形式为:
　　　　主语+谓语(系动词)+the+形容词最高级+名词+表示范围的短语或从句。
　　　　She is             student      her class. 　她是班上最好的学生。
　　　　Shanghai is one of                  cities      China. 上海是中国最大城市之一。
　　　　This is              apple I have ever met. 　这是我见到的最大的苹果。
　　　　Tom is              boy in his basketball team. 　汤姆是他们篮球队中个子最高的孩子。
　　巩固练习：
（一） 写出下列形容词与副词的比较级与最高级形式：
long_____ ______ wide ______ _______ fat ____ _____
heavy____ ______ slow ______ _______ few____ _____
brightly______ -_____ bably _____ _______ far____ _____
quickly _____ ______ happy_____ -______ unhappy________
(二)用所给词的正确形式填空：
1. Of the two girls, I find Lucy the _______ (clever).
2. Gold(黄金) is ______ (little) useful than iron(铁).
3. My sister is two years _______ (old ) than I.
4. John’s parents have four daughters, and she is the _____ (young) child.
5. The _____ (cheap) bags are the not usually the best ones.
6. The short one is by far _______ expensive of the five.
7. The boy is not so ______ (interesting) as his brother.
8. Dick sings _____ (well), she sings ______(well) than John, but Mary sings______(well) in her class.
9. She will be much ______ (happy) in her mew house.
10. This dress is ______ that.(twice, as…as…, expensive)
　　英语语法之形容词比较级和最高级练习题
　　1. This box is___ that one.
　　A. heavy than B. so heavy than
　　C. heavier as D. as heavy as
　　2 When we speak to people, we should be ' .
　　A. as polite as possible B. as polite as possibly
　　C. as politely as possible D. as politely as possibly
　　3 This book is____ that one, but____ than that one.
　　A. as difficult as; expensive
　　B. as more difficult as; more expensive
　　C. as difficult as; more expensive
　　D. more difficult as; as expensive
　　4 I think the story is not so ___ as that one.
　　A. interesting B. interested C. more interesting D. most interesting
　　5 His father began to work____ he was seven years old.
　　A. as old as B. as early as C. since D. while
　　2
　　1. I think science is _ than Japanese.
　　A. much important B. important C. much more important D. more much important
　　( ) 2 This pencil is___ than that one.
　　^. longest B. long C. longer D. as long
　　( ) 3 My mother is no ___ young.
　　A. shorter B. longer C. little D. few
　　( ) 4 These children are ____ this year than they were last year.
　　A. more tall B. more taller C. very taller D. much taller
　　( ) 5 It was very hot yesterday, but it is___ today.
　　A. even hotter B. more hotter
　　C. much more hot D. much hot
　　6. Mrs Black has got____ instead of getting any better.
　　A. more bad B. a little worse C. much badly D. a lot of worse
　　3
　　( ) 1 When we arrived, we found the meeting room crowded with___ students.
　　A. quite a few B. only a few C. few D. a few quite
　　2 The house is small for a family of six.
　　A. much too B. too much C. very much D.so
　　3 Through the window we can see nothing but ____ buildings.
　　A. tall very many B. very many tall C. very tall many D. many very tall
　　4 -What's your brother like?
　　-He is___.
　　A. a driver B. very tall C. my friend D. at school
　　5 The jacket was so___ that he decided to buy it. ,
　　A. much B. little C. expensive D. cheapl
　　6 Our classroom is____ larger than theirs.
　　A. more B. quite C. very D. much
　　4
　　( ) 1 The earth is about____ as the moon.
　　A. as fifty time big B. fifty times as big C. as big fifty times D. fifty as times big
　　( ) 2 Your room is mine.
　　A. twice as large than B. twice the size of
　　C. bigger twice than D. as twice large as
　　( ) 3 Your room is ___ than mine.
　　A. three time big B. three times big C. three times bigger D. bigger three times
　　( ) 4 His father is____than his mother. ;
　　A. older four years B. as four years older C. four years older D. bigger four years
　　5
　　( ) 1 Maths is more popular than____.
　　A. any other subject B. all the subjects C. any subject D. other subject
　　( ) 2 China is larger than ____ in Africa (^W).
　　A. any other country B. other countries C. the other country J 1%D. any country
　　( ) 3 Tom is stronger than ___ in his class.
　　A. any other boy B. any boys C. any boy D. other boy
　　6
　　( ) 1 When spring comes, it gets____.
　　A. warm and warm B. colder and colder C. warmer and warmer D. shorter and shorter
　　) 2 By and by, ____ students in our class came to like English. A. more and more B. much and much C. many and many D. less and least
　　) 3 At last he began to cry ___.
　　A. hard and hard B. more hard and more hard C. harder and harder D. less hard and less harder
　　) 4 When spring comes the days get ____ and nights ____.
　　A. short; long B. long; short C. longer; shorter D. shorter; longer
　　7
　　1___ I look at the picture, ____ I like it.
　　A. The best; the more B. The more; the less
　　C. The more; less D. More; the more
　　2 ___ he read the book, ____ he got in it. A. The more; the more interesting
　　B. The less; the more interesting C. The more; the more interested D. More; more interested 3 ___ you come back, _____ it will be.
　　A, The quicker; the best B. The sooner; the better C. Faster; the better D. The sooner; better
　　8
　　1 I like___ one of the two books.
　　A. the older B. oldest C. the oldest D. older
　　( )2 Which is___country, China or Japan?
　　A. the large B. the larger C. larger D. largest
　　( ) 3 Of the two cups, he bought .
　　A. the smaller B. the smallest C. small D: smaller
　　9
　　( ) 1 Which do you like ___, tea or coffee?
　　A. well B. better C. best D. most
　　( ) 2 This work is ____ for me than for you.
　　A. difficult B. most difficult
　　C. much difficult D. more difficult
　　( ) 3 Which do you think tastes ____, the chicken or the fish?
　　A. good B. better C. best D. well
　　( ) 4 The Great Pyramid is about 137 metres high today, but it was once
　　A. higher B. highest C. high too D. more high
　　( ) 5 Don't you think it ______ not to write the letter?
　　A^^ A. well , B. better C. best D. good
　　10
　　( ) 1 Who jumped____of all?
　　A. far B. farther C. farthest D. the most far
　　( ) 2 Li Lei is___ student in our class.
　　A. tall B. taller C. tallest D. the tallest
　　( ) 3 The fifth orange is____ of all. Give it to that small child.
　　A. big B. bigger C. the bigger D. the biggest
　　( )4 Who is---of you three?
　　A. the oldest B. much older C. oldest D. older
　　11
　　( ) 1 Tom is one of ____ boys in our class.
　　A. tallest B. taller C. the tallest B. the tall
　　( ) 2 English is one of____ spoken in the world.
　　A. the important languages B. the most important languages C. most important language D. the most important language
　　( ) 3 Beijing is one of____ in China.
　　A. the largest city r '; B. the large cities C. the larger cities D. the largest cities
　　12
　　1. Most of the woods ____ been taken good care of.
　　A. are B. is C. has D. have
　　2 ___ like playing football and watching TV.
　　A. Most boys B. Most of they C. Most boy D. More of they
　　3 ___ are here watering the flowers here.
　　A. Some B. Some of the boys C. Some boy D. Some of boys
　　4 ___ haven't been to American.
　　A. Most them B. Most they C. More of them D. Most of them
　　13
　　1 ___ is more beautiful than roses.
　　A. No other flower B. No another flower
　　C. Not other flower D. Not all flowers
　　2 The tree is ___ in the garden.
　　A. the taller B. the tallest
　　C. taller than of-all D. tall.
　　3 Mary studies harder in her class.
　　A. as any one B. than any other girl C. than the other D. than anyone
　　14
　　1 Which is___, Li Lei or Wu Tong?
　　A. strong B. strongest C. stronger D. the strongest
　　2 Which language is____, English, French or Japanese? A. easy B. the most easy C. the easiest o D. much more easy
　　3 Which is____interesting, science, maths or English?
　　A. more B. the most C. very D. too
　　4 Which city is____, Beijing, Shanghai or Fuzhou? A. beautiful B. more beautiful C. much more beautiful D. the most beautiful
　　5 Which month is____, June, July or August?
　　A. hot B. hotter C. hottest D. the hottest
　　15
　　1 Do you have ____ to tell us?
　　A. something new B. new something C. anything new D. new anything
　　2 Mike, I have____to tell you.
　　A. important something B. important anything C. something important , D. anything important
　　3 There is ___ in today's newspaper.
　　A. interesting something B. nothing interesting C. interesting anything D. anything interesting
　　4 -Is Mrs Brown badly ill?
　　-No, ____. Only a little cold.
　　A. quite well B. nothing serious C. not worry D. anything serious
　　) 5 Come here, I have____ to tell you.
　　A. interesting something B. anything interesting C. nothing interesting D. something interesting
　　16
　　( ) 1. I'm not ___ to lift the heavy box.
　　A. short enough B. enough tall C. health enough D. strong enough
　　( ) 2 The girl works hard ___ to pass the exam.
　　A. enough B. too C. still D. yet
　　( ) 3 He has____ to think it over. . A. many time B. times C. time enough D, enough time
　　17
　　( ) 1 "Do you want____
　　A. else anything B. anything else C. other anything D. else something
　　( ) 2 Have you seen ___ in the room?
　　A. anyone else B. else anyone C. anyone other D. everyone else
　　( ) 3 ___ would like to go to the park with me?
　　A. Whom else B. What else C. Who else D. Else who
　　18
　　( ) 1 Wei Fang is only six, but she speaks English____ her mother. A. as good as B. as better as C. as well as D. as best as
　　( ) 2 She was sick yesterday, but she is____ to go to school today. A. enough good B. good enough C. enough well D. well enough
　　( ) 3 This kind of book is-______ for the children to read.
　　A. enough well ' B. enough good C. well enough D. good enough ) 4 -Are you feeling ____?
　　-Yes, I'm fine now.
　　A. quite good B. quite better C. any well D. any better ) 5 This shirt is no good. That one is even
　　A. better B. worse C. well D. worst
　　19
　　( ) 1 We have never seen___ interesting films.
　　A. such B. such an C. so D. such a
　　( ) 2 Don't read :' books ___ you can't understand.
　　A. as; such B. such; as C. same; as D. as; as
　　( ) 3 This is____ book___ I'd like to read once more.
　　A. such an interesting; that B. so interesting; that C. such