在职研究生英语词汇复习.pptx

在在职研究生英研究生英语词汇复复习词汇常考题型词汇常考题型2English Lexicology(II)词汇测试的目的主要是测试对词语的掌握程度，运用能力及辨析能力。词汇部分特别词汇测试的目的主要是测试对词语的掌握程度，运用能力及辨析能力。词汇部分特别注重对基础词汇的测试，注重对基础词汇的测试，或是词的辨析和比较，或是词的辨析和比较，或是固定搭配，或是固定搭配，或是常用的词组。或是常用的词组。学习掌握一些英语构词法学习掌握一些英语构词法注意比较同义词和近义词的区别。注意比较同义词和近义词的区别。熟记固定词组搭配。熟记固定词组搭配。充分利用题干中的逻辑关系进行推理。充分利用题干中的逻辑关系进行推理。题干中的逻辑关系包括同义结构、反义关系、因果关系等。题干中的逻辑关系包括同义结构、反义关系、因果关系等。3English Lexicology(II)一、同义词与近义词一、同义词与近义词 指含义基本相同或相近的词，但考生需要能区分这些同义词与近义词的不同用法及其基本搭指含义基本相同或相近的词，但考生需要能区分这些同义词与近义词的不同用法及其基本搭配。配。4English Lexicology(II)1.The discovery of new oil-fields in various parts of the country filled the government with _ hope.A.eternal B.infinite C.ceaseless D.everlasting eternal:永恒的永恒的 infinite：无限的：无限的 ceaseless:不停的，继续的不停的，继续的 everlasting:永久的永久的,无休止的无休止的 5English Lexicology(II)2.Although he has become rich,he is still very _ of his money.A.economic B.thrifty C.frugal D.careful economic:经济的，不浪费的经济的，不浪费的 thrifty:节约的，不乱花钱的节约的，不乱花钱的 thrifty of frugal:节约的，不乱花钱的，节约的，不乱花钱的，frugal with careful 小心的小心的 6English Lexicology(II)二、形似词二、形似词 指同根词，指同根词，即词根相同，即词根相同，但词义、用法有差异的词；但词义、用法有差异的词；以及同缀词，以及同缀词，即词前缀或后缀相同，即词前缀或后缀相同，但词义、用法不同的词。但词义、用法不同的词。7English Lexicology(II)3.The _ physicist has been challenged by others in his field.A.respectable B.respectful C.respective D.respecting respectable:令人尊敬的，令人尊敬的，可敬的可敬的 respectful:恭敬的，有礼貌的恭敬的，有礼貌的 respective:各自的，分别的各自的，分别的 respecting:关于关于 8English Lexicology(II)4.Your advice would be_ valuable to him,who is now at a loss as to what to do.A.exceedingly B.excessively C.extensively D.exclusively exceedingly:及其，非常及其，非常 excessively:过多，过分过多，过分 extensively:广泛地，大量地广泛地，大量地 exclusively:专有地，单独地专有地，单独地 9English Lexicology(II)三、基本搭配和固定短语三、基本搭配和固定短语 注意积累一定的习惯用法和搭配。注意积累一定的习惯用法和搭配。10English Lexicology(II)5.You must let me have the annual report without _ by ten oclock tomorrow morning.A.failure B.hesitation C.trouble D.fail without failure 为固定用法，表示为固定用法，表示“一定，一定，必定必定”11English Lexicology(II)6.I only know the man by _ but I have never spoken to him.A.chance B.heart C.sight D.experience by chance:偶然的，意外的偶然的，意外的 by heart:用心记住用心记住 by sight:面熟面熟 by experience:从经验中从经验中 12English Lexicology(II)7.At three thousand feet,wide plains begin to appear,and there is never a moment when some distant mountain is not _.A.on view B.at a glance C.on the scene D.in sight on view:展览，展览，陈列陈列 at a glance:看一眼就看一眼就 on the scene:出现，出现，到场到场 in sight:在视野中，在视野中，看得见看得见 13English Lexicology(II)四、四、常见动词与介词、副词构成的短语常见动词与介词、副词构成的短语8.She refused to _ the door key to the landlady until she got back her deposit（押金）（押金）.A.hand in B.hand out C.hand down D.hand over hand in:提交提交 hand out:分发，分发，散发散发 hand down:往下传，往下传，传给（后代）传给（后代）hand over:移交，移交，交出交出 14English Lexicology(II)9.The old couple will never _ the loss of their son.A.get over B.get away C.get off D.get across get over:克服，忘却，从克服，忘却，从中恢复过来中恢复过来 get away:离开，离开，逃脱逃脱 get off:下车，动身，起飞下车，动身，起飞 get across:被理解，（使）通过被理解，（使）通过 15English Lexicology(II)词汇词汇构词法构词法16English Lexicology(II)1.Affixation 加缀法加缀法 prefixation:supermarket suffixation:development2.Conversion:转换法转换法 She is patient with the patient.3.Compounding:合成法合成法 earthquake 4.Shortening 截短法截短法 plane:aeroplane exam:examination flu:influenza 17English Lexicology(II)Prefix18English Lexicology(II)Negative prefixesprefixes meaningexamplesun-not,the converse ofunwisenon-nonessentialdis-dishonestin-informalim-immatureil-illegalir-irregular19English Lexicology(II)Reversative prefixes prefixes meaningexamples un-reversingthe actionunpackde-decodedis-disconnect20English Lexicology(II)Pejorative prefixes prefixes meaningexamplesmis-wronglymishearmal-badmalformed 使畸形使畸形pseudo-falsepseudoscience21English Lexicology(II)Prefixes of degree or size prefixes meaningexamplesarch-supremearchbishopsuper-more thansupermarketout-surpassingoutlivesur-oversurcharge 附加费附加费sub-belowsubnormal22English Lexicology(II)Prefixes of degree or size prefixes meaningexamplessub-belowsubnormalover-excessiveoverconfidentunder-too littleunderestimatehyper-extremehypercritical 吹毛求疵吹毛求疵ultra-extremeultrafashionablemini-littleminiskirt23English Lexicology(II)Prefixes of attitude prefixes meaningexamplesco-withcooperatecounter-againstcounterattackanti-againstanti-clockwisepro-forpro-Chinese24English Lexicology(II)prefixes meaningexamplessub-undersubwayinter-between,among internationaltrans-across,from one place to anothertransplantfore-frontforenameLocative prefixes25English Lexicology(II)Prefixes of time and order prefixes meaningexamplesfore-beforeforeseepre-in advancepreschoolpost-afterpostindustrialex-formerex-presidentre-againresell26English Lexicology(II)Number prefixes prefixesmeaningexamplessemi-,demi-,hemi-halfsemi-feudal,demi-circle,hemisphereuni-,mono-oneuniform,monologuebi-,di-twobilingual,dioxidetri-threetrianglemulti-poly-manymultipolar,multilingualpolygamy27English Lexicology(II)Suffix28English Lexicology(II)Noun suffixes suffixesmeaningexamples-sterperson engaged in an occupation or activitygamester 赌徒赌徒-eermountaineer-er(or)driver-antinhabitant 居民居民-letsmall,unimportantbooklet-ettesmall;imitation;femalecigarette leatherette 人造皮人造皮 usherette 女引女引座员座员-essfemalehostess29English Lexicology(II)Noun suffixessuffixesmeaningexamples-hoodstatuschildhood-shipconditiondictatorship-domrealmofficialdom-ingstatebathing-fulamounthandful-tionstatecompetition 30English Lexicology(II)Adjective Suffixes suffixesmeaningexamples-fulfull ofhopeful-lesswithoutmeaningless-lyhaving the quality offriendly-likelikechildlike-ysomewhat likesilky31English Lexicology(II)Adjective Suffixessuffixesmeaningexamples-ishsomewhat likefoolish-somecausingtroublesome-ablecapablechangeable-edhavingmoneyed-altypical ofregional32English Lexicology(II)Adjective Suffixessuffixesmeaningexamples-ary(ory)connected withimaginary-esquelikepicturesque-ousfull ofmalicious-ictypical ofdramatic-ivehaving the quality ofattractive33English Lexicology(II)Adverb Suffixes suffixesmeaning examples-lyin a mannerattentively-warddirection of movementhomeward-foldtimeshundredfold-wisein the manner ofas far asis concernedclockwiseweatherwise就天气来说就天气来说 34English Lexicology(II)词汇练习词汇练习35English Lexicology(II)nIm in a position to think about my future and plan it a little more rather than just waiting for what happens.A.used to B.unwilling to C.able to D.glad to36English Lexicology(II)nThe Canadian landscape painters style featured brilliant colors and free brushstrokes.A.furthered B.showed C.replaced D.excluded 37English Lexicology(II)Milton Hershey was a successful entrepreneur whose open-hearted generosity continues to touch the lives of thousands.A.generation B.kindness C.faculty D.readiness 38English Lexicology(II)Green plants take in carbon dioxide and give off oxygen in a food-making process called photosynthesis.A.donate B.check C.withhold D.release 39English Lexicology(II)The discovery of gold fields has long attracted large numbers of prospectors and other people because of the traditionally high value of gold.A.searchers B.inspectors C.protectors D.instructors 40English Lexicology(II)Even our Mitsubishi four-wheel-drive truck gets altitude sickness once in a while,so we like to give her a rest whenever we can.A.sometimes B.usually C.often D.seldom 41English Lexicology(II)Working where there is no running water causes a lot of suffering.Fortunately we have a cold spring a short distance from our house.A.Forgivably B.Steadily C.Constantly D.Luckily42English Lexicology(II)The research shows that nearly 130 species of birds are vulnerable to the predicted effects of climate change.A.easily attacked by B.skillfully adapted to C.comfortably inclined to D.closely involved in43English Lexicology(II)44English Lexicology(II)谢谢大家！