初中英语八大时态课件.ppt

初中英语八大时态课件1、TheSimplePresentTense一般如今时态教学重、难点一般如今时n表示经常发生的动作或存在的状态n常与everyday,onSundays,sometimes,often，usually,always,等连用n构造：1、主语+动词原形+其他nEg.nIhaveameetingonSundays.nTheyvisittheirparentsonceamonth.注:主语(三单)+动词(第三人称单数形式)+其他Eg.1)Shelikesitverymuch.2)Sheusuallygoestoschoolat7oclockeverymorning.动词第三人称单数形式在动词后+s在以s,x,ch,sh,o结尾的动词+es以辅音字母+y结尾的动词，先变y为i，再加es特殊have-has等helpguessflymakeleavefixswimknowplayclosegostudygetreadbringwatch写出以下动词的第三人称单数形式carrydowashvisitexerciseenjoyjumphavesiesessessssessiesssshasesssesssesiess一般如今时否认式be+notdontdo/doesntdoII一般如今时的否认式1.Be动词的否认式:be+notIamateacher.YouareaworkerSheisadoctorWearefriends.ImnotateacherYouarentaworkerSheisntadoctor.Wearentfriends.isnot=isntarenot=arent否认句2.当主语是单数第三人称时，它与助动词Does有关，但是动词谓语一定要恢复为原形。当主语是其别人称时，它与助动词Do有关。IlikeEnglish.Shelikesitverymuch.Wegotoworkbybike.IdontlikeEnglish.Shedoesntlikeitverymuch.Wedontgotoworkbybike.否认句概念：用yes或no来答复的疑问句叫做一般疑问句。一般疑问句句首的第一个词一般读得比较重。III一般疑问句1.对于be动词，疑问句要求把be提早，第一人称变成第二人称。疑问句Iamateacher.AreyouateacherYouareaworker.AreyouaworkerHeisastudent.IsheastudentWearefriends.Areyoufriends2.对于实意动词，疑问句要求是：当主语是他(he)，她(she)，它(it)时，句子前面加does，并把动词恢复原形；当主语是其别人称时，句前加do，第一人称(I/we)换第二人称(you)。Ioftengothere.Youlikethemusic.Hegoestoworkbybus.We/You/Theylikeit.DoyouoftengothereDoyoulikethemusic.DoeshegotoworkbybusDoyou/theylikeit1.HehasameetingonSundays.2.Hegoestoschoolatseveninthemorning.3.MyfatherandmothergooutforlunchonSundays.4.Wedoourhomeworkafterschool.把以下句子改为一般疑问句DoeshehaveameetingonSundaysDoeshegotoschoolatseveninthemorningDoyourfatherandmothergooutforlunchonSundaysDoyoudoyourhomeworkafterschoolexercise把以下句子改为否认句1.Myfatherhasaneggforbreakfast.2.LiLeidoeshishomeworkafterschool.3.Wedoourhomeworkathome.4.Theyhaveameetingeverymorning.Myfatherdoesnthaveaneggforbreakfast.LiLeidoesntdohishomeworkafterschool.Wedontdoourhomeworkathome.Theydonthaveameetingeverymorning.1.Weoften_(play)intheplayground.2.He_(get)upatsixoclock.3._you_(brush)yourteetheverymorning4.What_heusually_(do)afterschool5.Danny_(study)English,Chinese,Maths,ScienceandArtatschool.6.Mikesometimes_(go)totheparkwithhissister.7.She_(watch)TVwithhisparentseveryevening.8._Mike_(read)Englisheveryday用所给动词的正确形式及助动词填空playgetsDobrushdoesdostudiesgoeswatchesDoesread2、一般过去时TheSimplePresentTense教学重、难点一般过去时一般过去时指动作发生在过去有时候会有例如yesterday,lastyear等表示过去时间的标志一般过去时主要要注意动词的变化be动词和实意动词含有be动词的一般过去式nSheisinBeijing.nShewasinBeijing.nIamastudent.nIwasastudent.nWearefriends.nWewerefriends.含有be动词的一般如今时变一般过去时,把is和am改成was,把are改成were练习:1.Sheisateacher.She_ateacher.2.TheyarefromJapan.They_fromJapan.3.Iamverytired.I_verytired.4.Heistooyoungtogotoschool.He_tooyoungtogotoschool.5.Youarelateforschool.You_lateforschool.waswerewaswaswere不含be动词的一般过去时不含be动词的句子改写成一般过去时，把句子中的动词改为过去式形式。通常有五种写法。Iworkinthiscity.Iworkedinthiscitylastyear.TheyliveinShanghai.TheylivedinShanghailastyear.动词过去式的写法：一般情况，在动词末尾加ed动词以e结尾的，直接在词尾加d3、辅音加y结尾，变y为i加edIstudyinBeijing.IstudiedinBeijing.Study,copyCry,fly4、重读闭音节结尾，双写词尾字母加edshestops.shestopped.5、特殊Igotoschoolbybikeeveryday.Iwenttoschoolbybikeyesterday.例如：have/hashad,go-went,eat-ate,say-saidthinkthought,come-came不规则动词练习nIthinkyouareright.nIthoughtyouwereright.nSheeatsanappleeveryweek.nSheateanappleanhourago.3、一般将来时TheFutureSimpleTense教学重、难点一般将来时相对于讲话时间将要发生的动作或情况2.时间状语判断标准：ntomorrow明天nnextweek下周nthedayaftertomorrow后天nsoon不久ninthefuture在将来nin+一段时间多久之后才.TheFutureSimpleTense1.will+动词原形(I/weshall)2.begoingto+动词原形3.be+v-ing4.一般如今时表将来构造v原形表示一个将来的动作或状态，“要,会Eg.1)Shewillgototheparktomorrow.2)IwillreturnhomeassoonasIfinishmytask.2、begoingto+v原形表示打算做某事表示如今已经有迹象说明将要发生某事。-What_dothisevening-Iamgoingtodomylessons.看那些乌云要下雨了.Lootatthedarkclouds.It_rain.isgoingtoareyougoington3.be+v-ingngo,come,leave,start,arrive,stay,fly,land,takeoff等动词可用如今进展时表示安排和方案或即将发生的动作。n我们明天动身去青岛.nWereleavingforQingdao.6.表示与生日,日历,课时安排或交通时刻表有关的动作(一种规律)，用一般如今时表示将来时态常用于转挪动词如：(begin,come,leave,go,arrive,start,stop,return,open,closeEg.1、Theeveningclassbeginsat19:00.2、Thetrainstartsattwo.If条件句中，动词用一般如今时表将来。nIfwehurry,wemaycatchthebus.n假如我们快点的话，我们也许会赶上公交车nnIfitrainstomorrow,thetravelwillbecanceled.假如明天下雨的话，旅游将取消。1.WhatareyougoingtodothisafternoonIamgoingtothecinemawithsomefriends.Thefilm_quiteearly,sowe_tothebookstoreafterthat.A.finished;aregoingB.finished;goC.finishes;aregoingD.finishes;goExercise:2.Myyoungerbrother_be15yearsoldnextyear.A.isgoingtoB.willC.istoD.should1.Theagreement_comeintoforcenextyear.2.Imnotfeelingwell,andI_gotoseeadoctor.3.Ifyou_(dontpass)theexam,youwillbecriticizedbyyourparents.willwilldontpass5.How_you_spendyourholidayIvedecidedtorepaintthisroom.Oh,haveyouWhatcolour_you_paintitTheweatherissoniceandIamgoingtositinthegarden.Thatsagoodidea.I_joinyou.willaregoingtoaregoingto4、如今进展时ReviewofthePresentContinuousTense教学重、难点：知识要点：知识要点：一.如今进展时的定义:如今进展时是表示如今、说话瞬间或当前一直正在做着的动作.Eg:1.JennyiswatchingTVnow.2.Iamwriting.五.如今进展时的判断：1一般句中用到表示“在如今的时间状语，如：now,rightnow,atthemoment或Its+几点钟句型，常判断用如今进展时。Eg:Letsgofast.Mr.Wuiswaitingforusnow.Itssixoclock.Thechildrenareplayingbasketball.n(2)句中用到“Listen！“Look!“Keepquiet“Dontmakenoise!等提示语时，说明说话间另一个动作正在进展，这时，句子也要用如今进展时。nEg:Keepquiet!Theteachersaretalkingintheoffice.Shereadisingnow.Listen!Thebirdissinging.二.如今进展时的谓语构造:如今进展时的谓语构造为:am/is/are+如今分词.Am/is/are在如今进展时句子谓语构造中作助动词用，无词义。Am/is/are的选择运用由句子的主语人称或数决定。A:IamwatchingTVathome.B:Daveiscleaningthefloor.C:Thestudentsareseeingamovie.2.将如今进展的肯定句变为否认句时，在be动词后面加上not.Eg:Steveistalkingtohisteacher.Thechildrenareeatingsomeapplesatmyhome.-Steveisnttalkingtohisteacher.-Thechildrenarenteatinganyapplesatmyhome.四.如今进展时的形式转换：1.将一个如今进展时的肯定句变为一般疑问句时，将句中的is或are提到句首。Eg:Steveistalkingtohisteacher.Iamsinging.-IsStevetalkingtohisteacher-AreyousingingTalkaboutthepeopleinthepicture.nWhatshedoingnHesreading.*Whataretheydoing*Theyareplayingbasketball.5、过去进展时ReviewofthePastContinuousTense教学重、难点：过去进展时n过去进展时的用法与如今进展时相仿，表示过去某时刻或阶段正在进展的动作。n构造：be过去式nEg.Iwasreadinganovelwhenyoucalled.n你打时我正在看一本小说。exercisenDanny_(watch)TV,whenyousang.nI_(playcomputergame)atthistimeyesterday.waswatchingwasplayingcomputergame6、将来进展时n表示将来某时刻正在进展的动作。n构造：nEg.Wewillbehavingdinnerinaminute.n一会儿我们就吃饭。nDannywillbeplayingfootballanhourlater.Danny一会儿将会在打球。Haveatry试一试:nHe_(watch)TVnow.nI_(swim)atthistimeyesterday.nShe_(see)thesunriseatthetopofthemountainthistimetomorrow.iswatchingwasswimmingwillbeseeingTranslate翻译n他们一会儿就开会。Theywillbehavingameeting.n我一会儿就洗衣服。Iwillbewashingclothes.7、ThePresentPerfectTense如今完成时教学重、难点：如今完成时1.如今完成时表示过去发生或已经完成的某一动作对如今造成的影响或结果.2.通常与表示包括如今在内的时间副词just，already,before,yet,never,ever等状语连用。如今完成时构造n助动词have(has)+V过去分词n注：has用于第三人称单数，have用于其他所有人称。n否认句：have/has+not+V过去分词nEg.nHehasneverheardofthatbefore.nIhaveworkedherefor20years.nShehasalreadyfinishedthework.nMyaunthaventlivedinChinafor3years.2.如今完成时表示过去已经开场，持续到如今,也许还会持续下去的动作或状态。可以和表示延续的时间状语连用。如for、since等引导的时间状语。注意：句中谓语动词要用延续性动词一段时间的表达方法有两种:for:+一段时间forayearfortwoweeksforthreeyears过去的某一时刻,since9oclocksincelastweek一般过去时态的时间状语从句sinceyoucamesinceyougothome.注意:for和since所引导的时间状语都表示一段时间.Since注意点1：一些表示短暂性动作的动词如come,go,leave,arrive,buy,begin,start,become等不能与表示一段时间的状语连用，这些动作需用表示状态的词连用。Ihavehadthiscoatforoneyear.试比较：1Ihaveboughtthiscoatforoneyear.转化成延续性动词归纳n1.直接转化成延续性动词buycatch(get)acoldborrowcome/go/becomehavehaveacoldkeepbe2.转换成be+名词jointhearmyjointhePartygotoschoolbeasoldierbeaPartymemberbeastudent3转换成be+形容词或副词diefinishbeginleavefallsleepcloseopenbedeadbeoverbeonbeawaybeasleepbeclosedbeopen4.转换成be+介词短语gotoschooljointhearmybeinschoolbeinthearmy2)Myunclehascomebackfor2days.Myunclehasbeenbackfor2days.3)Thetrainhasleftforanhour.Thetrainhasbeenawayforanhour.4)Thetwinbrothershavejoinedthearmyfor2years.Thetwinbrothershavebeeninthearmyfor2years.注意点2nhavebeento与havegoneto的区别。3havebeen(to)和havegone(to)的区别：have/hasbeen(to)表示“曾经到过某地，说话时此人不在那里，已经回来。侧重指经历。have/hasgone(to)表示某人“已经去某地了，说话时此人可能在路上或已到那里.试比较：HehasbeentoBeijing.他曾去过北京。人已回来，可能在这儿HehasgonetoBeijing.他已经去北京了。人已走，不在这儿。一般过去时与如今完成时之比较n一般过去时表示过去某时发生的动作或单纯表达过去的事情，强调动作，和如今不发生关系。而如今完成时表示过去发生的某一动作对如今造成的影响或结果，强调的是如今的情况。分析比较nIsawthisfilmyesterday.n只说明动作发生在过去。nIhaveseenthisfilm.n强调对如今的影响，电影的内容已经知道了。nShehasreturnedfromParis.n她已从巴黎回来了。nShereturnedyesterday.n她是昨天回来的。nHehasbeenintheLeagueforthreeyears.n(在团内的状态可延续)nHejoinedtheLeaguethreeyearsago.n(三年前入团，joined为短暂行为。)n注意：句子中如有一般过去时的时间副词如yesterday,lastweek,in1960时，不能使用如今完成时，要用过去时。例如：n错Tomhaswrittenalettertohisparentslastnight.n对Tomwrotealettertohisparentslastnight.()1.Ihavewatchedthegame.When_you_itA.have;watchedB.do;watchC.did;watchD.will;watch()2.Mr.Green_inChinasincefiveyearsago.A.livedB.haslivedC.livesD.isgoingtolive()3.Hisgrandma_fortwoyears.A.diedB.hasdiedC.wasdeadD.hasbeendeadBBD()4.WhereisHanMeinowShe_toShanghai.Shewillbebackintwodays.A.hasgoneB.hasbeenC.goesD.hadgone()5._you_totheUnitedStatedNo,never,butIwenttoCanadaafewyearsagoA.Have;beenB.Have;goneC.Did;goD.Do;go()6.Howlonghaveyou_thefootballteamoftheschoolA.playedB.beenatC.joinedDbeenonAAD()7.Wherehaveyou_thesedaysIhave_toKunmingwithmyfriends.Abeen,goneBbeen,beenCgone,beenDgone,gone()8.Howlonghaveyou_thisbookA.boughtB.borrowedC.hadD.lent()9.Excuseme,_youseenthefilmyetYes,I_itlastnight.Ahave,seeBhave,haveseenChave,seenDhave,sawBCD2如今完成时nMydaughter_(go)out.nI_(hear)fromherthesedays.(改为如今完成时的否认句)nThey_(leave)fortwoyears.nTheoldman_(die)for4months.nWe_(see)yourecently.(否认句hasbeengonehaventheardhavebeenawayhasbeendeadhaventseen8、ThePastPerfectTense过去完成时ThePastPerfectTense过去完成时1.过去完成时的构成助动词had(用于各种人称和数)+过去分词WhenIgottoschool,thebellhadrung.2.过去完成时的用法:主要是表示在过去某个时间,或是动作之前已经发生或完成的动作.也就是过去的过去.ThePastPerfectTense过去完成时3.常用的几种方式:用介词by,before等构成的时间短语.Wehadlearnt20Englishsongsbytheendoflastmonth.TheplanehadtakenoffwhenIreachedtheairport.BythetimeIgotup,mybrotherhadlefthome.用连词when,before,after或者短语bythetime引导的时间状语从句.BythetimeIgotoutside,thebushadalreadyleft.BythetimeIgotoutside,thebushadalreadyleft.我出去的时候,公共汽车已经开走了.by the time 意思是意思是“到到的时候的时候”,相当于相当于 when,后接过去时的句子后接过去时的句子时时,主语的谓语动词用过去完成时态主语的谓语动词用过去完成时态.主要动词的过去式和过去分词ringrangrunggetgotgottengowentgoneleaveleftleftstartstartedstartedbewas/werebeentaketooktakenrunranrunwakewokewoken1.WhenI_(get)there,theSmithsalready_(have)theirdinner.2.Bytheendoflastyearthey_(produce)morethan500,000tractors.3.Tom_(read)atleast20novelsinthepastyear.4._you_(give)thebooktoJimyesterdayNo,becausehe_(borrow)onefromthelibrary.5.Hesaidthathe_never_(hear)ofthatbefore.gothadhadhadproducedhadreadDidgivehadborrowedhadheard教学资料整理仅供参考，