初中英语被动语态总复习课件.ppt

初中英语被动语态总复习课件 知识点再现知识点再现:被动语态被动语态 结构结构：be be+动词的过去分词过去分词 意义：意义：强调主语是动作的承受者强调主语是动作的承受者 何时使用何时使用变化方法变化方法注意事项注意事项各种时态的被动语态结构各种时态的被动语态结构各种时态的被动语态结构各种时态的被动语态结构:1.一般现在时态的被动语态结构一般现在时态的被动语态结构:am/is/are+vt 过去分词过去分词2.一般过去时态的被动语态结构一般过去时态的被动语态结构:was/were+vt 过去分词过去分词3.含有情态动词的被动语态结构含有情态动词的被动语态结构:情态动词情态动词+be+vt 过去分词过去分词4.一般将来时的被动语态结构一般将来时的被动语态结构:will/shall+be+vt 过去分词过去分词5.现在进行时态的被动语态结构现在进行时态的被动语态结构:am/is/are+being+vt 过去分词过去分词6.过去进行时态的被动语态结构过去进行时态的被动语态结构:was/were+being+vt 过去分词过去分词7.现在完成时态的被动语态结构现在完成时态的被动语态结构:have/has been+vt 过去分词过去分词变化：变化：示例示例The boy broke the glass.The glass was broken by the boy.从主动语态变为被动语态从主动语态变为被动语态1.1.主语主语 介词介词by by 宾语宾语2.2.谓语谓语 加加be,be,并变为过去分词并变为过去分词3.3.宾语宾语 主语主语二、常见语态转换二、常见语态转换（一）一般现在时和一般过去时的被动语态。（一）一般现在时和一般过去时的被动语态。引入练习引入练习1。请将下列主动语态变成被动语态。请将下列主动语态变成被动语态1.Lucy bought some fruit.Some fruit _ _ _ Lucy.2.Uncle Wang waters the flowers every day.The flowers _ _ _ Uncle Wang every day.3.Did they build the bridge in 1998 _ the bridge _ in 19984.When did Lu Xun write these booksWhen _these books _ _ Lu Xun5.The farmers dont grow apples on the farm.Apples _ _ on the farm.6.They didnt clean the classroom yesterday.The classroom _ _ yesterday.小结：小结：1、被动语态的转换，在、被动语态的转换，在be+过去分词中，确定过去分词中，确定_ 是关键，是关键，_永不变。永不变。2、Be的时态由的时态由_确定；确定；be的单的单/复数由复数由_确定。确定。3、问句提前、问句提前_;否定否定_后加后加not.was bought by are watered byWasbuiltwere written by arent grownwasnt cleanedbe 形形过去分词过去分词主动时态主动时态 被动主语被动主语be动词动词be(二）一般现在时带情态动词的被动语态。二）一般现在时带情态动词的被动语态。引入练习引入练习2。请将下列主动语态变成被动语态。请将下列主动语态变成被动语态。1.You can do the work all by yourself.The work _ _ _ all by yourself.2.We must plant more trees.More trees _ _ _.3.Can we put our bikes here _ our bikes _ _ here4.You mustnt throw rubbish here.Rubbish _ _ _ here.小结：小结：1.含情态动词的被动结构：含情态动词的被动结构：_.2.疑问句提前疑问句提前_;否定句：否定句：_+not.can be donemust be plantedCanbe putmustnt be thrown 情态动词情态动词+be+过去分词过去分词情态动词情态动词情态动词情态动词1.Its said(据说)that the long bridge_（build）in two months 2.The students _ often _(tell)to take care of their desks and chairs.3.Which language _the most widely_（speak）in the world？4.The lost boy_（not find）so far 5.Last year a large number of trees_（cut）down 6.Vegetables,eggs and fruits_(sell)in this shop.7.What _ knives _(make)of They_(make)of metal(金属)and wood.8.Can the magazine _(take)out of the library 9.The room _(clean)by me every day.10.The stars cant _(see)in the daytime.1.1.一般可变为被动语态的动词为及物动词一般可变为被动语态的动词为及物动词2.be2.be动词可根据人称、时态、数进行变化动词可根据人称、时态、数进行变化.3.3.不特别强调动作执行者时，不特别强调动作执行者时，byby短语短语(即即 byby和后面的宾语和后面的宾语)一般可以省略一般可以省略NOTE注意事项：注意事项：1.We call Mr.Smith a living Lei Feng.Mr.Smith_ a living Lei Feng(by us).2.Toms father bought him a book.He _ a book(by his father)A book_him(by his father)1.带双宾语的句子有两种改法带双宾语的句子有两种改法:一般情况下把指人的宾语作为被动句的主语一般情况下把指人的宾语作为被动句的主语.当把直接宾语物作为当把直接宾语物作为主语时，要加介词主语时，要加介词to,forwas boughtis calledwas bought topass,show,send 此类动词有：此类动词有：buybe bought forbe bought for如如：givebe given to 此类动词还有：此类动词还有：drawdraw，make,cook,mendmake,cook,mend2.2.感官动词感官动词(hear,see,watch,feel,notice等等)和使役动词和使役动词(let,make have等等)在主动语态中后接不带在主动语态中后接不带toto的动词不定式的动词不定式,但是改为被动语态时但是改为被动语态时,把把toto加在动词原形之前加在动词原形之前.They made the boys work 12 hours a day.The boys were made to work 12 hours a day.We often see him go for a walk by the river.He is often seen to go for a walk by the river.3 主动句中含有宾语补足语句子的被动语态主动句中含有宾语补足语句子的被动语态:把人变为主语把人变为主语 Mother told me not to be late.I was told not to be late by mother.I saw mother planting flowers in the garden.Mother was seen planting flowers in the garden.必背！动词短语变被动语态，后面的介词不能丢。动词短语变被动语态，后面的介词不能丢。动词短语变被动语态，后面的介词不能丢。动词短语变被动语态，后面的介词不能丢。take care of take care of be taken care of be taken care ofcut down cut down be cut down be cut downlaugh at laugh at be laughed at be laughed atlook after look after be looked after be looked afterSpeak to be spoken toHand in be handed in4 短语动词的被动语态短语动词的被动语态 I can take good care of the baby.The baby can be taken good care of.We should speak to the old politely.The old should be spoken to politely.The rain stopped.The soup tastes The soup tastes delicious.delicious.stop,taste stop,taste 在句中是不及物动词，后面不能直接带宾语，因此不能变为被动语态。在句中是不及物动词，后面不能直接带宾语，因此不能变为被动语态。在句中是不及物动词，后面不能直接带宾语，因此不能变为被动语态。在句中是不及物动词，后面不能直接带宾语，因此不能变为被动语态。不及物动词（不及物动词（vi.)不能用于被动语态。不能用于被动语态。happen,take place,appear,disappear,belong to,break out(爆发）爆发）e.g.A traffic accident _(happen)just now.happened2.连系动词连系动词（Link.v.)不用被动语态不用被动语态。如：be,look,seem,feel,sound,smell,taste,get,turn,become e.g.Peking Opera _(sound)beautiful.sounds 3.当此动词表示事物的自然属性的时候，当此动词表示事物的自然属性的时候，不用被动语态不用被动语态。e.g.The pen _(write)very fast.writes This kind of sweater _(sell)well.sells三、汉语中含有三、汉语中含有“据说据说”、“据悉据悉”、“有人说有人说”、“大家说大家说”等时。例如：等时。例如：It is said that one day he climbed to the top of a house and It was reported that her mother died of SARS.众所周知众所周知 It is well known that 据推测说据推测说 It is supposed that 1.-Did you go to Jims birthday party -No,I _ (北京北京2003年中招试题年中招试题)A.am not invited B.wasnt invited C.havent invited D.didnt invited2.To make our city more beautiful,rubbish _ into the river.A.neednt be thrown B.mustnt be thrown C.cant throw D.may not throw (重庆重庆2003年中招试题年中招试题)中招名题回顾中招名题回顾BB考点聚焦考点聚焦1、主动语态为动词原形作宾语补足语。、主动语态为动词原形作宾语补足语。The workers were made 12 hours a day n the old days.A.work B.to work2、主动语态的谓语为短语动词。、主动语态的谓语为短语动词。Their homework half an hour ago.A.was handed in B.was handed AB3.You may go fishing if your work_.(河北河北2003年中招试题年中招试题)A.is done B.will be done C.has done D.have done4.We are told _ everywhere.Its our duty to keep our school clean.(辽宁辽宁2003年中招试题年中招试题)A.not to make much noise B.to throw waste paper C.to draw D.not to spitAD