labview中英文资料外文翻译文献-毕业论文.doc

中英文资料

Labview毕业论文
中英文资料外文翻译文献

Virtual Instruments Based on Reconfigurable Logic
The emergence of virtual instrumentation is a revolution in the history of the development of measuring instruments. It fully utilizes the latest computer technology to implement and extend the instrument function. Using the image of a computer screen can be easily simulate a variety of equipment control panels to the needs expressed in the form of the output of test results. Using computer software to achieve most of the signal of the analysis and processing to complete a variety of control and test function. The user through the application of general-purpose computer program modules and features of the hardware together. Through friendly graphical interface to operate this computer. As in operating their own definition of individual instruments of their own design can be measured to complete the acquisition, analysis, determine, control, display, data storage and so on.
Virtual Instruments advantages of more traditional instruments:
(1)A strong integration of computer hardware resources. Breaking the traditional instruments in data processing, display, storage and other limitations, and greatly enhanced the capabilities of traditional instruments.
(2)The use of computer software resources to achieve some part of the software of instrument hardware, saving material resources, increase system flexibility. Through software technology and the corresponding numerical algorithm. Directly on the test data for various analysis and processing in time. Through the graphical user interface technology, truly user-friendly, human-computer interaction.
(3)Hardware and software of virtual instrument is an open, modular, reusable and interchangeability characteristics. Therefore, the user can according to their own needs and use different manufacturers products. The development of the instrument system is more flexible, efficient and shorten the formation time of the system
The traditional instruments are application specific systems based on fixed hardware and software resources so their function and applications are defined by the manufacturer. These instruments are complex systems and therefore they become expensive and difficult to manage.
The widespread usage of personal computers in many scientific and technological fields make them an ideal hardware and software platform for the implementation of measurement instruments. By adding a simple data acquisition system, a personal computer can emulate any instrument. The instruments generated in this way are called virtual instruments because they do not have exclusive access to hardware and software resources. Different instruments can be implemented over the same hardware by only reprogramming the software. The virtual instruments offer plenty of advantages the most important of which is the low cost due to the reusability of hardware and software resources. The above characteristics and the continuous evolution and cheapening of the personal computers make the virtual instruments a valuable alternative to traditional ones.
Nevertheless, there are two main factors which limits the application of virtual instruments. By one hand, the data capture is reduce to slow rates because of the more common operating systems of the general purpose computers are not oriented to realtime applications. By other hand, the data acquisition system is not an application oriented system but a generic one. Therefore, our proposal is focused on the enhancement of virtual instruments by the replacement of the generic hardware with a reconfigurable data acquisition system, as it is shown in Figure 1. By this way, some data process can be implemented by hardware reducing the data flow to/from the computer and rising the maximum sample rate.

基于虚拟仪器的可重构逻辑
虚拟仪器的出现是测量仪器发展历史上的一场革命。它充分利用最新的计算机技术来实现和扩展仪器的功能，用计算机屏幕可以简单地模拟大多数仪器的调节控制面板，以各种需要的形式表达并且输出检测结果，用计算机软件实现大部分信号的分析和处理,完成大多数控制和检测功能。用户通过应用程序将一般的通用计算机与功能化模块硬件结合起来,通过友好的界面来操作计算机,就像在操作自己定义，自己设计的单个仪器,可完成对被测量的采集，分析，判断，控制，显示，数据存储等。
虚拟仪器较传统仪器的优点
(1)融合计算机强大的硬件资源,突破了传统仪器在数据处理，显示，存储等方面的限制，大大增强了传统仪器的功能。
(2)利用计算机丰富的软件资源，实现了部分仪器硬件的软件化，节省了物质资源，增加了系统灵活性。通过软件技术和相应数值算法，实时，直接地对测试数据进行各种分析与处理，通过图形用户界面技术,真正做到界面友好、人机交互。
(3)虚拟仪器的硬件和软件都具有开放性，模块化，可重复使用及互换性等特点。因此，用户可根据自己的需要，选用不同厂家的产品,使仪器系统的开发更为灵活，效率更高，缩短系统组建时间。
传统的仪器是以固定的硬件和软件资源为基础的specific系统， 这使得系统的功能和应用程序由制造商定义。这些仪器都是复杂的系统，因此它们变得昂贵而且难以操作和管理。个人电脑在许多科技领域的广泛应用使其为测量仪器的执行搭建了一个理想的硬件和软件平台，通过增加一个简单的数据采集系统，个人计算机可以仿真任何仪器。因为它们没有独自占有和访问硬件和软件资源，所以以这种方式产生的仪器被称为虚拟仪器。不同的仪器只要对该软件重新编程就可以在同一硬件中实现。虚拟仪器呈现了大量的优势，其中最重要的就是由于硬件和软件资源的重用性降低了成本。上述特点及虚拟仪器的不断发展和个人电脑降价使虚拟仪器成为传统仪器的一个有价值的替代。
然而，也有两个主要因素限制了虚拟仪器的应用。一方面，数据捕获的减少将放缓速度，因为一般用途的电脑普遍常用的操作系统并不面向实时应用。另一方面，数据采集系统不是应用导向系统而是一个通用的系统。因此，我们建议的重点是由通用硬件更换可重构数据采集系统来加强虚拟仪器，它如图1所示。通过这种方式，一些数据的处理过程可以通过减少计算机上硬件数据流和上升的最大采样率来实现。

LabVIEW
LabVIEW is a highly productive graphical programming language for building data acquisition an instrumentation systems.With LabVIEW, you quickly create user interfaces that give you interactive control of your software system. To specify your system functionality,you simply assemble block diagrams - a natural design notation for scientists and engineers. Tis tight integration with measurement hardware facilitates rapid development of data acquisition ,analysis,and presentation solutions.LabVIEW contains powerful built -in measurement analysis and a graphical compiler for optimum performance. LabVIEW is available for Windows 2000/NT/Me/9x, Mac OS, Linux, Sun Solaris, and HP-UX, and comes in three different development system options.
Faster Development
LabVIEW accelerates development over traditional programming by 4 to 10 times! With the modularity and hierarchical structure of LabVIEW, you can prototype ,design, and modify systems in a short amount of time. You can also reuse LabVIEW code easily and quickly in other applications.
Better Investment
Using a Lab VIEW system, each user has access to a complete instrumentation laboratory at less than the cost of a single commercial instrument. In addition, user configurable LabVIEW systems are flexible enough to adapt to technology changes, resulting in a better bong-term investment.
Optimal Performance
All LabVIEW applications execute at compiled speed for optimal performance. With the LabVIEW Professional Development System or Application Builder, you can build stand-alone executables or DLLs for secure distribution of your code. You can even create shared libraries or DLLs to call LabVIEW code from other programming languages.
Open Development Environment
With the open development environment of LabVIEW, you can connect to other applications through ActiveX, the Web, DLLs, shared libraries, SQL(for databases), DataSocket, TCP/IP,and numerous other protocols.Use LabVIEW to quickly create networked measurement and automation systems that integrate the latest technologies in Web publishing and remote data sharing. LabVIEW also has driver libraries available for plug-in data acquisition, signal conditioning , GPIB,VXI,PXI, computer-based instruments,serial protocols, image acquisition, and motion control. In addition to the LabVIEW development systems, National Instruments offers a variety of add-on modules and tool sets that extend the functionality of LabVIEW .This enables you to quickly build customizable, robust measurement and automation systems.
LabVIEW Datalogging and Supervisory Control Module
For high channel count and distributed applications, the LabVIEW Datelogging and Supervisory Control Module provides a complete solution. This module delivers I/O management, event logging and alarm management, distributed logging, historical and real-time trending, built-in security, configurable networking features, OPC device connectivity, and over 3,300 built-in graphics.
LabVIEW Real-Time
For applications that require real-time performance, National Instruments offers LabVIEW Real-Time. LabVIEW Real-Time downloads standard LabVIEW code to a dedicated hardware target running a real-time operating system independent from Windows.
LabVIEW Vision Development Module
The LabVIEW Vision Development Module is for scientists, automation engineers,and technicians who are developing LabVIEW machine vision and scientific imaging applications. The LabVIEW Vision Development Module includes IMAQ Vision, a library of vision functions, and IMAQ Vision Builder, an interactive environment for vision applications. Unlike any other vision products, IMAQ Vision Builder and IMAQ Vision work together to simplify vision software development so that you can apply vision to your measurement and automation applications.
Countless Applications
LabVIEW applications are implemented in many industries worldwide including automotive, telecommunications, aerospace, semiconductor, electronic design and production, process control, biomedical, and many others, Applications cover all phases of product development from research to design to production and to service. By leveraging LabVIEW throughout your organization you can save time and money by sharing information and software.
Test and Measurement
LabVIEW has become an industry-standard development tool for test and measurement applications. With Test Stand, LabVIEW-based test programs, and the industry's largest instrument driver library, you have a single, consistent development and execution environment for your entire system.
Process Control and Factory Automation
LabVIEW is used in numerous process control and factory automation applications.Many scientists and engineers look to LabVIEW for the high speed, high channel count measurement and control that graphical programming offers.For large, complex industrial automation and control applications, the LabVIEW Data logging and Supervisory Control Module provides the same graphical programming as LabVIEW, but is designed specifically for monitoring large numbers of I/O points, communicating with industrial controllers and networks, and providing PC-based control.
Machine Monitoring and Control
LabVIEW is ideal for machine monitoring and predictive maintenance applications that need deterministic control, vibration analysis, vision and image processing, and motion control. With the LabVIEW platform of products including LabVIEW Real-Time for real-time deterministic control and the LabVIEW Data logging and Supervisory Control Module, scientists and engineers can create powerful machine monitoring and control applications quickly and accurately.
Research and Analysis
The integrated LabVIEW measurement analysis library provides everything you need in an analysis package. Scientists and researchers have used LabVIEW to analyse and compute real results for biomedical, aerospace, and energy research applications, and in numerous other industries. The available signal generation and processing, digital filtering, windowing, curve-fitting, For specialized analysis, such as joint time-frequency analysis, wavelet,and model-based spectral analysis, LabVIEW offers the specially designed Signal Processing Toolset.The Sound and Vibration Toolset offers octave analysis, averaged and nonaveraged frequency analysis, transient analysis, weighted filtering, and sound-level measurement, and more.
Draw Your Own Solution
With LabVIEW, you build graphical programs called virtual instruments (VIs) instead of writing text-based programs. You quickly create front panel user interfaces that give you the interactive control of your system. To add functionality to the user interface, you intuitively assemble block diagrams- a natural design notation for engineers and scientists.
Create the Front Panel
On the front panel of your VI, you place the controls and data displays for your system by selecting ob jects from the Controls palette, such as numeric displays, meters, gauges, thermometers, LEDs, charts,and graphs.When you complete and run your VI,you use the front panel to control your system whether you move a slide, zoom in on a graph, or enter a value with the keyboard.
Construct the Graphical Block Diagram
To program the VI, you construct the block diagram without worrying about the syntactical details of text-based programming languages. You do this by selecting objects (icons) from the Functions palette and connecting them together with wires to transfer data among block diagram objects. These objects include simple arithmetic functions, advanced acquisition and analysis routines, network and file I/O operations, and more.
Dataflow Programming
LabVIEW uses a patented dataflow programming model that frees you from the linear architecture of text-based programming languages. Because the execution order in LabVIEW is determined by the flow of data between nodes,and not by sequential lines of text,you can create block diagrams that execute multiple operations in parallel. Consequently, LabVIEW is a multitasking system capable of running multiple execution threads and multiple VIs in parallel.
Modularity and Hierarchy
LabVIEW VIs are modular in design, so any VI can run by itself or as part of another VI. You can even create icons for your own VIs, so you can design a hierarchy of VIs that serve as application building blocks. You can modify, interchange, and combine them with other VIs to meet your changing application needs.
Graphical Compiler
In many applications, execution speed is critical. LabVIEW is the only graphical programming system with a compiler that generates optimized code with execution speeds comparable to compiled C programs. You can even use the LabVIEW profiler to analyse and optimize time-critical operations. Consequently, you increase your productivity with graphical programming without sacrificing execution speed.
Measurements and Mathematics
LabVIEW includes a variety of other measurement analysis tools. Examples include curve fitting, signal generation, peak detection, and probability and statistics. Measurement analysis functions can determine signal characteristics such as DC/RMS levels, total harmonic distortion (THD),impulse response, frequency response, and cross-power spectrum. LabVIEW users can also deploy numerical tools for solving differential equations, optimization, root finding, and other mathematical problems.In addition, you can extend these built-in capabilities by entering MATLAB or HIQ scripts directly in your LabVIEW programs. For charting and graphing, you can rely on the built-in LabVIEW 2D and 3D visualization tools. 2D tools include features such as autoscaling X and Y ranges, reconfigurable attributes (point/line styles, colors, and more)and cursors, Microsoft Windows users can employ OpenGL-based 3D graphs and then dynamically rotate, zoom, and pan these graphs with the mouse.
Development System
The LabVIEW Professional Development System facilitates the development of high-end, sophisticated instrumentation systems for developers working in teams, user