机械【经典外文翻译】-手臂可调式捆包打结器(译文-英文)-毕业论文.doc

1
Bale twine knotter with adjustable wiper
Background of the invention
This invention relates to twine knotters for hay or straw baling machines and more particularly to an improved wiper arm for such knotters.
In one conventional baler, the twine knotter includes a rotatably mounted billhook for forming a loop of twine thereabout. On one side of the billhook is a wiper arm which has a pair of finers defining a fork for receiving and guiding twine used to tie a bale. On one side of the billhook is a knife riveted to the fork for cutting the twine after a loop in the twine has been formed around the billhook. A wiper is formed integrally with the fork of the arm and strips or wipers the loop of twine form around the billhook as the severed end of the twine is held in the billhook jaw.
Proper adjustment of the wiper arm relative to the billhook is critical to the operation of the nkotter as the wiper must strip or wipe the twine loop from the billhook to complete the formation of the knot. Wiper arm adjustment is performed initially at the point of manufacture and periodically thereafter when servicing the baler. It is accomplished by modeling or bending the arm in three areas with a special tool. By modeling, the wiper is centered with respect to the heel of the billhook and adjusted so theat it just clears the billhook jaw. For this reason, it is desirable that the wiper arm be relatively rigid and unyielding so that proper adjustment can be maintained and yet be sufficiently bendable to permit initial adjustmen. Also, in recent years , stronger twines are being used on such balers to tie bales of higher density. Such changes subject the wiper arm to higher forces during operation thus making it more difficult to maintain the arm in proper adjustmen, while at the same time, making the arm flexible enough to permit initial adjustment.
Accordingly, it is an object of this invention to provide a knotter with an improved wiper arm having a strong and rigid construction to maintain an accurate adjustmen.
Another object of this invention is to provide a knotter with a wiper arm which has a wiper which is easily and accurately adjustable with respect to the billhook of the knotter.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
These and other objects of the invention are accomplished by knotter comprising a rotatably mounted billhook for forming a loop of twine thereabout and a wiper arm with an improved adjustably mounted wiper for sliding a twine loop form the billhook while the twine end is retained in a jaw of the billhook to complete the formation of a weine knot. In one embodiment, the wiper has slots formed teerein and is adjustably mounted on the arm and relative to the billhook by screws inserted through the slots and thereadably mounted in the arm. In a second embodiment, the wiper has first and second portions joined together at a right angle and is asjustably mounted relative to the arm and to the billhook of the knotter by the insertion and removal of shims between the second portion of the wiper and the arm.

2
Brief description of the drawings
FIG. 1 is a fragmentary perpective view of a twine knotter in accordance with a preferred embodiment of this invention.
FIG. 2 is an esploded view of a wiper arm of the kontter shown in FIG.1
FIG. 3 is a view of the knotter of FIG.1 taken along line 3—3.
FIG. 4 is a fragmentary perspective view of a knotter wiper arm in accordance with a second embodiment of this invention.
FIG. 5--9 are fragmentary perspective views pf a knotter of FIG.1 showing progressive stages of knot tying.
Description of the preferred embodiments
FIGS.1—3 show in fragmentary form a knotter 1 in accordance with the preferrde embodiment of this invention. Knotters of this general type are well knowen in the art and are widely used commercially, such as in the John Deere 466 Series balers sole by John Deere Company, a corporation of Delaware. Such balers are used for the baling of hay or straw into a rectangular parallelpiped shaped bale.
Knotter 1 comprises a billhook 13 including (1) a center shaft 3on which billhook 13 is rotatably mounted in a knotter frame 5 and (2) a jaw 14 around which a loop of twine is formed as rotated and for retaining the twine end during knot formation. On one said of billhook 13 a twine disk 15 and a twine holder 16 are provided for holding a segment of twine 19. On the opposite side and below billhook 13, a wiper arm 17 is provided.Wiper arm 17 (FIGS.1,2) includes a twine guiding fork 20 preferably of cast iron,a knife blade 24 bolted to fork 20 cutting the twine and a wiper 21 for removing a loop of twine 19 from billhook 13.Fork 20 consists of a pair of fingers 22,23 between which twine 19 is received and guided and a vertex 25 at which fingers 22,23 are joined. One side of certex 25 has a boss 25 with a pair of threaded apertures 29,31 and th which wiper 21 is adjustably mounted. Fork 20 may be formed either by casting or forging and therefore is a strong, rigid component.
Wiper 21, preferably of case hardened steel, is platelike and has a pair of slots 33, 35 corresponding in spacing to the threaded apertures 29,31 of boss 25. The profile of wiper 21 is conventional and has an arcuate recess or ledge 37. Wiper 21 is detachably mounted to fork 20 by a pair of screws 39,41 which pass through slots 33,35 and threadably engage apertues 29,31 so that fork 20 and wiper 21 are held tightly toghter. Wiper 21 is asjustable relative to fork 20 by moving wiper 21 back and forth in a plane parallel to the major planes of wiper 21 and in a direction parallel to the direction of elongation of slots 33,35 when screws 39,41 are loosened.
Referring now to FIG. 3, wiper 21 is positioned closely to billhook 13 which ledge or recess 37 centered in relation to an outer surface or heel 43 of jaw 14. The maximum recommended clearance between a first portion 43 of jaw 14 and ledge 37 is 2.4.mm.. at the closest distance which jaw portion 45 approaches during rotation of billhook 13 during the formation of a twine knot.
In contrast to the conventional integral wiper arm described in the Background of the Invention which requires modeling or bending of the wiper arm at positions corresponding to positions A,B and C shown in FIG. 2 in order to adjust the wiper with respect to the billhook for proper stripping of a twine loop from the billhook, the present embodiment of the invention achieves alignment simply and easily by adjustment of wiper 21 by loosening of screws 39,41 and sliding platelike wiper 21 back and forth. This permits fork 20 and wiper 21 to be deformable in use.
In accordance with the features of a second embodiment of this invention, FIG. 4 shows a vertex 51 of a wiper arm 53 identical to wiper arm 17 except for the portion shown and descrobed in FIG. 4. shows a vertex 51 of a wiper arm 53 identical to wiper arm 17 except for the portion shown and described in FIG. 4. Wper arm 53 portion shown and described in FIG. 4. Wper arm 53includes a wiper 55 having first and second portions 57, 59 joined together at a right angle.Wiper 55 is adjustably mounted to a major surface 61 of vertex 51 by an attachment means 63,here shown as a pair of bolts(only one of which—bolt 65—is visble in FIG.4)inserted through aperture 67, 69 in wiper 55 and vertex 51, respectively. Adjustment pof the height of a ledge 71 of wiper 55 above surface 61 is accomplished by the insertion and removal of shim means 73 inserted on bolt 65 between surface 61 and second portion 59 of wiper 55. Shim means 73 is here shown as a plurality of washers.
The functionng of knotter 1 for tying twine around a bale of hay is conventional and will be described herein only briefly. Particular reference is made to FIG.1 and FIGS.5—9 which show the progressive stages of knot formation.
FIG.1 shows the condition when a needle 75 (showm in FIG.5) is threaded with twine 10 stored in a twine box (not shown) and from a prior cycle, one end of twine 19 is held in twine disk 15 by twine holder 16. Twine 19 is threaded through fork 20 between fingers 22,23 and ocer the top of bale 77. As bale 77 is formed and moves against twine 19,twine 19 is extended across the outer surface of bale 77 by pulling more twine from the twine box. As shown in FIG.5,when bale 77 reaches a predetermined length, a measuring wheel(not shown) activates kontter 1; and needle 75(with the help of a tucker finger, not shown) brings a second steand of twine 19 from below and around the trailing end of bale 77, through fork 20, across billhook 13 and into twine disk 15. In FIG.6, disk 15 is then turned (counterclockwise) sufficiently to permit twine holder 16 to secure both strands of twine 19 n disk 15 and billhook 13 starts to revolve. The turning of billhook 13(FIG.7) causes a loop 78 of twine 19 to be formde around the exteriof surface of billhook 13, and jaw 14 is opened to receive twine 19. wiper arm 17(FIG.7) is moved, thereby advancing knife 24 against twine 19 to cue twine 19 helld in disk 15 for the formation of the next knot in the next knotter cycle. Jaw 14 (FIG.8) is closed and holds the ends of twine 19 tighely. Further movement of wiper arm 17 causes wiper 21 to push or wipe the twine loop 78 from billhook 13 as jaw 14 holds the two cut

1
手臂可调式捆包打结器
发明背景

　这项捆绳打结器的发明和割草机有关，更特别的是为打结机器改良了手臂装置。
传统的打包机、捆绳打结器包括一个可旋转地已安装好的钩镰，用来形成一个缠绕线圈。钩镰的一边是一个手柄臂，这个手柄臂有一对灵敏的叉子用来接放绳子捆包。在钩镰的另一边是一个和叉子固定在一起的执长刀，用来剪断捆绑后在钩镰里面的线圈。一个手臂完整的形成是叉子臂和手臂线圈在钩镰外形成缠绕，最终放置在钩镰钳口里。
适当调整和钩镰相关的手柄臂来实现打包，手柄臂必须从钩镰里退掉打包线圈来完成一个打包循环。手柄臂的调节主要表现在最初的加工制造和打包后周期性的定时维修。它的完成是通过建模或者用一种特殊的工具进行三个区域的手臂弯曲。通过建模，手柄臂被置于钩镰的跟部的中心，调整后就会出现清晰的钩镰钳口。正式因为这个原因，手柄臂被定为相对严格不能弯曲为了可以适当的调整并且保持，然而适当的弯曲在可调节范围内是允许的。在近几年来，更粗的打包绳子应用于这种打包机来捆绑高强度的大包。这种改变以手柄臂在运行过程中提供更高的强度为条件的，因此适当调节来保持手柄臂就变得更难了，然而，使手柄臂的挠性更高就可以完成主要的调节。
照此，这项发明的目标就是提供一种打包机能够提高手柄臂的强度并且可以保持手柄臂调节的精确度。
这项发明的另一个目标是提供一个容易并且精确调节的手柄臂给打结机。
总结的发明
　　这些和其他物体的发明是由knotter包括安装执长刀(rotatably形成回路及雨刮器臂缠绕在其附近adjustably刮了滑动一个麻绳安装时形成的执长刀(回路中保留最终麻绳下颚执长刀(形成一套完整的weine打结。在一个化身,铝槽,形成具有teerein adjustably安装到机架和相对的执长刀(用螺丝插入通过槽和thereadably安装的手臂。在第二个表现、刮雨器第一和第二部分有一起参加直角,asjustably安装相对的手臂和对执长刀(由插入的knotter之间的shims第二部分雨刮器、手臂。想的手臂较严格的刮不屈以便适当调整,还能维持足够bendable允许初始adjustmen。同样,最近几年,强大的缠绕正被用于等5个系包密度高。这种变化的手臂,更高的力量在刮操作从而使它更难以保持手臂在适当的adjustmen,同时,使手臂足够的灵活性,允许初始的调整。
对发明的总结
这项发明是通过打结器包括已放置好的执长刀和用来形成打包线圈的钩镰来完成的，一个手柄臂有一个改良后可调节的手柄，用来滑行在钩镰里形成线圈，当线圈末端停留在钩镰钳口里时就完成了一个打包循环。具体的一点是，手柄跟踪形成缠绕，已放置的一个手柄臂的调节和钩镰是相关的通过在槽内放置螺丝钉和在手柄里形成缠绕。具体额第二点是，手柄有主次两部分在一个正确的角度内结合在一起，这种调节相对于手柄和钩镰是通过嵌入和移动两部分手柄和手臂之间的薄垫片来实现的。
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简洁的图形描述
　　图1是一种部分图和打包机的具体发明图是一致的
　　图2是一个短臂角度的打包机图片图1已经给出
　　图3是一个图1的到3-3线打包机图。
　　图4是打包机的部分图和具体第一点相一致。
　　图5 – 9是打包机的部分图显示了图1打结机渐进式阶段的打结过程。
　　具体表现的描述　
图1-3显示了打包机一部分到完整的具体发明。普通打包机广泛应用于建筑和商业领域,如在约翰·迪雷466系列打包机就和迪尔公司的股份有限公司合作。这种打包机应用与割草机成直角平行的打包。
　打包机1 由锋利钩镰13包括:(1) 可旋转式执长刀中心轴在打结机框架内，线圈在钳口内形成缠绕在打结形成时保留线尾。钩镰的一边是缠绕盘并且有一个缠绕的固定器提供缠绕线。在另一边钩镰下边每一个手柄臂提供手柄包括打包导向叉，铸铁刀片固定在叉子上来剪短打结线，手柄用来移动钩镰上的打结线圈。叉子包括一对灵敏的指状物用来接收和导向，在最高点时两个指状物结合在一起。叉子的形成可以通过铸造因此是强度很大的。

手柄，更适合用硬化钢制成，是有一对狭槽的金属板，在线穿入的地方有相应的孔。手柄的侧面是凹进去的。手柄和叉子若是被一对螺丝钉固定，这样就不可以任意通过狭槽，因此手柄和叉子被紧紧的固定在一起。手柄相对于叉子是可调节的，通过向后和想外移动手柄在平行的方向来调节，在一定方向内的平行伸长，螺丝钉就会变松。
　参照图3，手柄放置的位置和钩镰凹进去的中心在外表和钳口都是对应的。在第一部分最大的钳口是清晰可见的，在最近的距离内钳口部分通过旋转钳口来接近形成的结。
相对于传统完整的打结机手柄臂的在发明背景上的描述，需要建模或弯曲的手柄臂在相应的位置A,B和C，如图2为了调节手柄就从钩镰上合适的位置拆模来形成缠绕线圈，目前的发明获得了简单易行的调节通过松动螺丝钉和向后向外倾斜金属板。这样就需要手柄和叉子可以变形应用。
和发明的第二个具体表现相一致，如图4，除了展示了手柄臂在最高点的图形外，同样还有手柄臂部分的展示和描述在图4中。在图4中手柄臂的部分展示包括手柄的主次部分，在适当的角度里连接在一起，手柄上可调节的执长刀表面的最高点是通过附件手段实现的，这里展示的是作为一对螺钉嵌入孔内通过手柄和顶端。调节手柄的高度高于表面是通过嵌入和移动薄垫片手段完成的。薄垫片在这里展示的是垫圈形式。
打结机的功能是用来缠绕包裹通常简要的描述成这样。特涉及的参照图1和图5到图9展示了打结的循序渐进过程。
图1展示了针穿过线贮藏在缠绕箱形成预先循环的条件，线的一端通过缠绕器在缠绕盘上。线穿过叉子在指状物和大包的上部。作为包裹的形成和移动是和缠绕方向相反的，线延伸到包裹的表面外通过拉去更多的线进入缠绕箱。在图5中展示，当包裹达到预先设定的长度，一个测量轮子使打结机活动，针从下面穿过第二个缠绕线拖动包裹的尾部，通过叉子穿过钩镰进入缠绕盘。在图6中，盘是转动的足以允许缠绕固定器通过，确保缠绕盘上的线和钩镰可以转动。钩镰的转动引起缠绕线圈在钩镰外部的形成，钳口被打开用来接收手柄臂的线，因此移动的刀逆行于线就在打包循环完成时剪断了缠绕的线圈。钳口闭合保持线是紧绷的。手柄臂从钩镰钳口出来的下一步移动引起手柄推动或者去掉缠绕线圈。