完形填空5篇详解.doc

(完整word)完形填空5篇详解完形填空1From childhood to old age， we all use language as a means of broadening our knowledge of ourselves and the world about us。 When humans first _1_ , they were like newborn children, unable to use this _2_ tool. Yet once language developed, the possibilities for human kinds future _3_ and cultural growth increased. Many linguists believe that evolution is _4_ for our ability to produce and use language。 They _5_ that our highly evolved brain provides us _6_ an innate language ability not found in lower _7_ 。 Proponents of this innateness theory say that our _8_ for language is inborn， but that language itself develops gradually， _9_ a function of the growth of the brain during childhood. Therefore there are critical _10_ times for language development. Current _11_ of innateness theory are mixed， however, evidence supporting the existence of some innate abilities is undeniable. _12_ ， more and more schools are discovering that foreign languages are best taught in _13_ grades. Young children often can learn several languages by being _14_ to them, while adults have a much harder time learning another language once the _15_ of their first language have become firmly fixed。 _16_ some aspects of language are undeniably innate, language does not develop automatically in a vacuum。 Children who have been _17_ from other human beings do not possess language. This demonstrates that _18_ with other human beings is necessary for proper language development. Some linguists believe that this is even more basic to human language _19_ than any innate capacities. These theorists view language as imitative, learned behavior. _20_ , children learn language from their parents by imitating them. Parents gradually shape their childs language skills by positively reinforcing precise imitations and negatively reinforcing imprecise ones. 1.A。generated B.evolved C.born D.originated 2。A。valuable B.appropriate C。convenient D。favorite 3.A.attainments B.feasibility C。entertainments D.evolution 4。A。essential B.available C.reliable D.responsible 5.A.confirm B。inform C.claim D。convince 6。A.for B。from C。of D。with 7.A。organizations B.organisms C。humans D.children 8.A.potential B.performance C.preference D。passion 9。A。as B。just as C。like D。unlike 10.A.ideological B。biological C。social D。psychological 11.A.reviews B.reference C。reaction D.recommendation 12。A.In a word B.In a sense C.Indeed D.In other words 13.A.various B。different C.the higher D。the lower 14。A.revealed B。exposed C。engaged D。involved 15.A。regulations B。formations C.rules D.constitutions 16.A.Although B.Whether C。Since D.When 17.A。distinguished B。different C。protected D。isolated 18.A。exposition B.comparison C。contrast D。interaction 19.A。acquisition B。appreciation C.requirement D。alternative 20.A。As a result B。After all C.In other words D。Above all Cloze Test答案 1.B 此处意为：当人类刚刚开始进化，他们如同新生儿一样不会运用语言这种工具。evolved逐渐发展，进化符合题意。generated生殖，发展；born （bear的过去分词）不能作谓语动词；originated起源,不能用first修饰。 2.A根据语法分析，答案应用来修饰语言的。valuable珍贵的；appropriate合适的,适当的；convenient方便的，便利的;favorite最喜欢的。语言并不是人类选择的结果，而是人类在进化过程中慢慢发展起来的，对人类来说，应当是珍贵的。 3.A 此处意思是：语言的发展增加了人类未来的成就和文化进步的可能性。attainments成就；feasibility可行性；entertainments娱乐；evolution进化. 4。D此处意为:许多语言学家认为进化使人们产生和具备了语言的能力。固定短语be responsible for对负责，是的原由。其它选项不与for搭配。 5。C 根据语法分析，空格后应是一个宾语从句，而A，B，D三项后都不能接从句做直接宾语。confirm（确认）+名词；inform(通知)sb.of sth.；convince（使某人确信） sb。of sth. 6.D 固定搭配provide sb.with sth.意为“向（人)提供（物)” 7.B 此处意为：我们高度发达的大脑是我们具备了其它低等动物所不具备的语言能力。显然,这里是把人和低等动物相比较。因此选organisms有机体，生物体。 8。A 此句意思是：人类的语言能力是与生俱来的，但语言本身也在逐渐发展,所以这种能力应该是潜在的.potential潜力；performance履行；preference偏爱；passion激情。 9.A 此句句义是：语言本身作为童年时期大脑生长的一种功能，其发展是缓慢的.as （作为,当作)合乎题意.Like作为介词的意思是“像一样”. 10.B 此句意为：语言的发展有一个关键期，人体的成长是生物变化的过程.biological生物的;ideological思想上的;social社会的；psychological心理的。 11。A 此处意为:目前人们对“先天论”评论观点不一，但是支持某些天生能力的证据却是确凿无疑的。reviews评论；reference参考；reaction反应；recommendation推荐。 12.C 从11题可看出，作者是倾向于先天论的，为了进一步证明先天论是有道理的，作者选择了以学校为例加以说明，因此这里应填一个表示递进关系的词Indeed（甚至）。 13.D 此处意思是:越来越多的学校发现在什么年级学外语较容易，根据常识(低年级学外语较容易）以及后文的Young children often can learn several languages by being 14 to them, while adults可以选定答案. 14.B 此处意为：通过接触多种语言，孩子们可以学会好几种语言。be exposed to是固定搭配,接触到。reveal(显露)sth.to sb，不合题意，因本题中的them指languages。其余选项不与to搭配。engage in从事；be involved in参与。 15.C 此句意思是：一旦母语的规则被深深印入脑海中，成年人就很难再学好另一种语言.rules规则，规律；regulations规定；formations构成，构造；constitutions宪法,章程。 16.A 分析上下文的逻辑关系,从句意思是：语言的某些方面肯定是先天的。主句意思是：语言不会在与人隔绝的状况下自行发展。前后应为转折关系。 17。D 此句意为：与人隔绝的儿童不能掌握好一门语言。isolated孤立的，与人隔绝的；distinguished区别的,杰出的；different不同的；protected受到保护的。 18。D 此句总结前几句，意为：必须通过与他人交往,语言才能够发展。interaction相互作用；exposition暴露；comparison比较；contrast对比。19。A 根据分析，本句中的“this”和“even more basic”分别指代上句的“interaction with other human beings”和“necessary，此处所填词对应上文中的language development。也就是说，language acquisition语言习得。appreciation欣赏，感激；requirement要求；alternative转移，转变，转换。 20.C 本句功能是以另一种方式解释前文中的“imitative, learned behavior.（模仿性的后天行为)。In other words换言之，换句话说；As a result结果是；After all毕竟；Above all首先。完形填空2 Many students find the experience of attending university lectures to be a confusing and frustrating experience. The lecturer speaks for one or two hours， perhaps _1_ the talk with slides， writing up important information on the blackboard, _2_ reading material and giving out _3_ 。The new student sees the other students continuously writing on notebooks and _4_ what to write.Very often the student leaves the lecture _5_ notes which do not catch the main points and _6_ become hard even for the _7_ to understand. Most institutions provide courses which _8_ new students to develop the skills they need to be _9_ listeners and notetakers. _10_ these are unavailable， there are many useful study-skills guides which _11_ learners to practice these skills 12 .In all cases it is important to _13_ the problem _14_ actually starting your studies. It is important to _15_ that most students have difficulty in acquiring the language skills _16_ in college study。One way of _17_ these difficulties is to attend the language and study-skills classes which most institutions provide throughout the _18_ year。Another basic _19_ is to find a study partner _20_ it is possible to identify difficulties, exchange ideas and provide support。 1.A。extending B。illustrating C。performing D.conducting 2。A。attributing B.contributing C.distributing D.explaining 3。A。assignments B.information C.content D.definition 4.A。suspects B.understands C.wonders D。convinces 5。A。without B。with C。on D。except 6。A。what B.those C.as D.which 7。A。teachers B。classmates C。partners D。students 8.A.prevent B.require C。assist D。forbid 9.A.effective B.passive C。relative D。expressive 10.A。Because B。Though C。Whether D。If 11.A.enable B.stimulate C.advocate D。prevent 12.A。independently B.repeatedly C。logically D.generally 13。A。evaluate B。acquaint C.tackle D.formulate 14.A。before B.after C。while D.for 15.A。predict B.acknowledge C.argue D.ignore 16.A。to require B。required C。requiring D.are required 17.A.preventing B。withstanding C。sustaining D.overcoming 18.A。average B.ordinary C.normal D。academic 19.A.statement B。strategy C。situation D。suggestion 20。A.in that B。for which C。with whom D。such as Cloze Test答案 1。B 将第1,2,3题通盘考虑。此处意为“老师会花一两个小时用幻灯来解释讲课的内容，写出一些重要的信息,散发一些阅读材料，布置作业”。illustrate用图解说明，举例说明。 2.C 参考第1题答案.attribute把的原因归为;contribute有助于，贡献；distribute分发，散发，与下文的give out同义。 3.A assignments作业，任务. 4.C 新生发现别的学生一直在记笔记,他们不知道该记些什么，所以用wonders。而suspects(怀疑）;understands （理解，明白）；convinces(让人相信）与题意不符。 5。B with结构在此表示伴随的结果，说明学生听完讲座却记了一些抓不住重点的笔记。 6.D 这里是一个并列句,并列的两个部分是which do not catch the main points and which become hard even for the students to understand. 7。D 此句意为：学生记下的笔记连自己也无法明白。 8.C 鉴于上述情况，许多学校开设课程以帮助新生 培养记笔记的能力,成为一名真正有效率的听众。assist帮助,援助. 9.A 参考第8题答案。effective有效的；passive被动的;relative相对的；expressive表现的，富于表情的。 10.D 此处的意思是：如果这些课程不可行的话，还会有许多行之有效的学习技巧的指导，这些指导使学生们能够独立地锻炼这些学习技巧，在此If表示假设条件。 11.A enable sb。to do sth使人能够干什么;stimulate激发,刺激；advocate提倡，倡导；prevent阻止。 12.A independently独立地；repeatedly再三，重复地;logically合乎逻辑地;generally大体上，一般地。 13。C 此句意为“通常学生在开始学习之前就应该解决这种听课技能的问题”，此处C.to tackle problem意为“解决问题”.evaluate估计，评估；acquaint使认识，了解；formulate用公式表示，系统地阐述或提出。 14。A 参考13题。 15。B 这里的意思是“承认大多数学生在获取语言技能方面有困难，这是很重要的。因为只有承认这种困难才能提出克服困难的方法”。所以选B.acknowledge承认，认可. predict预测；argue争论，论证;ignore忽略，忽视。 16。B 过去分词做定语。 17。D 克服困难用overcome difficulty。不用preventing阻止,阻碍；withstand经受住，抵抗；sustain支撑，经受. 18.D 本题涉及学年的表达方法. 19.B 此句意为:另一种基本的方案或策略是寻找一个学习的伙伴。strategy策略，方案。 20.C 本题测试介词与关系代词的用法，with whom表示与同伴一起学习。完形填空3For many people today, reading is no longer relaxation.To keep up their work they must read letters, reports, trade publications, interoffice communications, not to mention newspapers and magazines： a neverending flood of words.In _1_ a job or advancing in one, the ability to read and comprehend _2_ can mean the difference between success and failure.Yet the unfortunate fact is that most of us are _3_ readers。 Most of us develop poor reading _4_ at an early age, and never get over them。 The main deficiency _5_ in the actual stuff of language itselfwords.Taken individually， words have _6_ meaning until they are strung together into phrased, sentences and paragraphs。 _7_ ， however， the untrained reader does not read groups of words。He laboriously reads one word at a time, often regressing to _8_ words or passages。Regression， the tendency to look back over _9_ you have just read， is a common bad habit in reading.Another habit which _10_ down the speed of reading is vocalizationsounding each word either orally or mentally as _11_ reads。 To overcome these bad habits， some reading clinics use a device called an _12_ ， which moves a bar （or curtain） down the page at a predetermined speed。The bar is set at a slightly faster rate _13_ the reader finds comfortable, in order to“stretch”him.The accelerator forces the reader to read fast， _14_ wordbyword reading， regression and subvocalization, practically impossible。 At first _15_ is sacrificed for speed.But when you learn to read ideas and concepts， you will not only read faster, _16_ your comprehension will improve。 Many people have found _17_ reading skill drastically improved after some training. _18_ Charlce Au, a business manager， for instance, his reading rate was a reasonably good 172 words a minute _19_ the training，now it is an excellent 1,378 words a minute。He is delighted that how he can _20_ a lot more reading material in a short period of time. 1。A。applying B.doing C.offering D。getting 2.A.quickly B.easily C。roughly D.decidedly 3。A。good B。curious C。poor D.urgent 4。A。training B。habits C。situations D。custom 5。A。lies B.combines C。touches D.involves 6.A.some B。A lot C.little D。dull 7.A.Fortunately B。In fact C.Logically D。Unfortunately 8。A.reuse B.reread C.rewrite D。recite 9.A.what B.which C.that D。if 10.A.scales B.cuts C。slows D。measures 11。A.some one B.one C。he D。reader 12。A.accelerator B。actor C。amplifier D。observer 13。A。then B.as C。beyond D。than 14。A。enabling B。leading C。making D.indicating 15.A.meaning B。comprehension C.gist D.regression 16.A.but B。nor C。or D.for 17.A.our B.your C.their D.such a 18.A.Look at B。Take C。Make D.Consider 19。A.for B。in C.after D。before 20.A。master B。go over C。present D.get through Cloze Test答案 1.D 本句意思是“谁如果想谋得一份差事”。applying需加for,意思是“申请”；B.doing做；C.offering提供此三项均不符题意，只有D.getting(获得）适合。 2。A 本句意为“快速阅读与理解的能力，是关系到成败的关键所在”只有quickly与原意吻合.easily（容易地）;roughly (粗略地）;decidedly(果断地)均与原文内容不符. 3。C 英语中，阅读速度快的人称为good reader，反之,就是poor reader. 根据上下文的内容，多数人都属于poor reader,因此选poor（差的）.其它选项不妥。 4.B 此处的意思是“大多数人早期养成看书慢的习惯”因此选habits(习惯)。training (训练，培训)；situations（形势)；custom（风俗习惯)。 5.A 此处说的是“主要的困难在于语言的自身要素,即单词”。combines联合;touches接触;involves包括，这三项的词义与原文不符.而lies与in构成搭配，意为“在于”。 6.C 这里的意思是“如果单个地看这些字，它们并没有什么意义”。some有点；A lot许多；dull单调的.此三项不合题意。只有little(很少)是否定词,合乎逻辑。 7.D 此句意为“作者对未受过阅读训练的人的不良习惯感到遗憾”. Fortunately幸运地；In fact事实上；Logically合乎逻辑地，均不妥。 Unfortunately(不幸地）合乎句义。 8。B 此句意为“在阅读时经常重读(反复读）”因此，选reread重读.reuse再使用；Rewrite改写；recite背诵。 9.A 此处所填的词既是look back over的宾语,又是you have just read的宾语，只有what能充当这种双重成分. 10。C scales down按比例减少;cuts down削减；此两项不合题意。measures不能与down搭配。只有slow与down搭配的意思“放慢,在此合适. 11.B 本段前文已经出现you，在此选one（泛指人们，我们，你）来代替you。some one无此用法。如果用reader,前面应加定冠词.he不能与该段逻辑一致。 12。A 此句意为“训练快速阅读所使用的工具必然与提高阅读速度有关”，因此选accelerator (快读器).actor演员；amplifier放大器；observer观察者. 13.D 前面的faster决定了应当选than,构成比较级。 14.C 此句意为“快速阅读器迫使你加快阅读速度，使你再也不能逐字阅读，回顾前文内容或者默读”.enabling相当于making possible;leading引导；indicating指出，表明。都不合题意.只有making (使,使得）最合适。 15.B 这里的意思是“速读最初会影响理解,所以选comprehension（理解力)。meaning意义，意思，指词或词组表示的意义；gist大意,要旨regression回顾 16.A 与前半句中的not only相呼应，构成句式“不仅，而且”，只有选but，而nor;or或for均不能构成固定用法。 17.C 本句中的主语是第三人称复数,物主代词必然是their。 18。B take与后面的for instance构成短语,意为：“以例，其它三项不能构成搭配。 19。D 这里提到受训之前与受训之后进行比较，对比，因此选before。 20。D 此处意为：在较短时间内,读完众多的材料。master掌握；go over复习；present呈现，展现；此三项均不妥;只有get through （读完)最恰当. 完形填空4If you were to begin a new job tomorrow, you would bring with you some basic strengths and weaknesses。Success or _1_ in your work would depend, to _2_ great extent, _3_ your ability to use your strengths and weaknesses to the best advantage。_4_ the utmost importance is your attitude。A person _5_ begins a job convinced that he isnt going to like it or is _6_ that he is going to ail is exhibiting a weakness which can only hinder his success.On the other hand, a person who is secure _7_ his belief that he is probably as capable _8_ doing the work as anyone else and who is willing to make a cheerful attempt _9_ it possesses a certain strength of purpose。The chances are that he will do well。 _10_ the prerequisite skills for a particular job is strength.Lacking those skills is obviously a weakness.A book keeper who cant add or a carpenter who cant cut a straight line with a saw _11_ hopeless cases。 This book has been designed to help you capitalize _12_ the strength and overcome the _13_ that you bring t