so---that---与such---that---的区别.doc

A so-----that----的区别
1、so + 形容词/副词 + that + 从句，如：
This story is so interesting that I want to read it again. （这个故事如此有趣以至我想再读一次。）
He spoke so quickly that I couldn't follow him.
（他说得如此快以至我不能跟上他。）
2、so+形容词/副词+(a/an)+(单数)复数可数名词／不可数名词+that+从句，如果句中的名词是单数可数名词，其前就要用不定冠词a或an，如果是复数可数名词或者不可数名词，前面就不用冠词，如：
She is so lovely a girl that everyone loves him（这个故事如此有趣以至我想再读一次。）r.
（她是如此可爱的一个女孩，以至每个人都喜欢她。）
Those are so beautiful flowers that the girl wants to pick them.（那些花是如此漂亮以至那个女孩想要摘下它们。）
3、such+a/an+形容词+单数可数名词+that+从句，如：
She is such a lovely girl that everyone loves her.（她是如此可爱的一个女孩，以至每个人都喜欢她。）
It is such an interesting story that I want to read it again. （这是一个如此有趣的故事以至我想再读一次。）
4、such+复数可数名词/不可数名词+that+从句，如：
He showed such concern that people took him to be a relative.（他表现得如此关心以致于人们都把他当作亲戚了。）

B
so与such都有“如此、这么、那么”的意思，可进行同义改写，但用法不同。
1. so是副词，修饰形容词和副词；而such是形容词，修饰名词。它们后面接单数可数名词时，词序不同。 so的词序为：so+ adj. + a(an) + n.
2. such的词序为：such +a(an) +adj. + n. 它们可以表达同样的意思，因此它们可以进行同义改写。
3. 同义改写:so nice a coat =such a nice coat 这么漂亮的一件外套
so interesting a book = such an interesting book 那么有趣的一本书
(补充说明：后面接复数名词或不可数名词时，只能用such，而不能用so。)
如： such beautiful flowers 这么美丽的花
such clever children 如此聪明的孩子 但是，复数名词或不可数名词前有many，few，much，little修饰时，只能用so而不能用such，这是一种固定用法。
如： so many books 这么多书 so few people 这么少的人 so much money 那么多的钱 so little milk 那么少的牛奶
4. 和“that”连用时，意思基本一样，但句型结构不同。意思是：“如此/这么……以致于……”，
1）“so…that…”句型结构为：
so + adj. (adv.) +that…
so + adj. +a(an)+单数n. +that…
so +many(few)+复数n. +that…
so +much(little)+不可数n. +that…如：
This book is so interesting that I have read it three times.
这本书如此有趣，我已经看了三遍。
He spoke so fast that we couldn’t understand him.
他说得太快，我们都未能听懂他的话。
It was so hot a day that nobody wanted to do anything.
天气很热，谁都不想干活。
There were so many people that we could hardly move on.
这么多人，我们简直无法继续往前走。
2）“such…that…”句型结构为：
such + a (an)+adj. +单数n. +that…
such + adj. +复数n. +that…
such +adj. +不可数n. +that…
She is such a pretty girl that everyone likes her.
她是个很可爱的小姑娘，大家都喜欢她。
They are such delicious cakes that I want to eat another two.
这么可口的蛋糕，我还想再吃两块。
It is such sweet milk that we all want to drink it.
这么香的牛奶，我们都想喝。
（补给站：由于so 和such后跟单数可数名词时，可以换用，同样“so…that…”与“such…that…”也可以进行同义句改写。
如上文中：This book is so interesting that I have read it three times.
可改写成：This is such an interesting book that I have read it three times.
It was so hot a day that nobody wanted to do anything.
可改写成：It was such a hot day that nobody wanted to do anything.
3. so与that可以直接构成词组“so that”，引导目的和结果状语从句，表示“以便、以致”的意思。
如： He worked hard so that he could pass the exams. 为了能通过考试，他学习很认真。（但such没有这种用法）

C
so...that...”句型的意思是“如此/这么……以致于……”，常引导结果状语从句，但“so...that...”是个爱“变脸”句型，你一不留意就会出错。“so...that...”句型及其转换也是中考的热点，现将其用法总结归纳如下，让我们一起来看看它是怎样变的吧。

一、 so... that...句型中的so是副词，常常用来修饰形容词或副词，常用句型为：主语+谓语+so+adj. / adv. + that从句。例如：

1. he is so young that she can't look after herself.

2. The boy ran so fast that I couldn't catch him.

3. He was so angry that he couldn't say a word.

二、 在“such... that...”句型中，such修饰名词，意思也是“如此……以致于……”但当名词前有many、much、(a) few、(a) little等词修饰时，句子中要用“so...that...”而不能用“such...that...”。例如：

1. He has so much money that he can buy what he wanted.

2. I've had so many falls that I have pains here and there.

3. There is little water in the glass that I can't drink any more.

三、 so与that也可连起来写，即变成：... so that ...(以便 / 为了……)，引导目的状语从句。例如：

1. I got up early so that I could catch the early bus.

2. Please open the window so that we can breathe fresh air.

3. You must go now so that you won't be late.

四、以“so...that”引导的结果状语从句可以转换成不定式的简单句，即可转换为“...enough to...”或“...too...to”句型，但这种转换必须符合下列条件：

1. 当主句和从句的主语一致，且that从句是肯定句时，可用“enough to do sth.”来转换。例如：

The man is so strong that he can lift the heavy box.→

The man is strong enough to lift the heavy box.

He was so clever that he can understand what I siad. →

He was clever enough to understand what I siad.

2. 当主句和从句的主语不一致，且that从句是肯定句时，可以用“enough for sb. to do sth.”来替换，但须注意不定式的宾语要省略。例如：

The question is so easy that I can work it out. →

The question is easy enough for me to work out.

The box is so light that he can carry it. →

The box is light enough for him to carry.

3. 当主句和从句的主语一致，且that从句是否定句时，可以用“too...to”来替换。例如：

The girl is so young that she can't dress herself. →

The girl is too young to dress herself.

I was so tired that I couldn't go on with the work. →

I was too tired to go on with the work.

4. 当主句和从句的主语不一致，且that从句是否定时，如果要用“too...to...”替换“so...that...”，则用介词for引出动词不定式的逻辑主语，可以用“too...for sb. to do sth.”来替换，注意不定式的宾语要省略。

The bag is so heavy that she can't move it. →

The bag is too heavy for her to move.

It is so hot that we can't sleep. →

It is too hot for us to sleep.