定语从句关系副词讲解及练习.doc

(完整word)定语从句关系副词讲解及练习
Unit 2 Growing Pains
定语从句（2）—-—--— 定语从句中关系副词的用法

Learning Content : Learn Attributive Clauses -—-— Relative adverbs: where， when， why
Learning Aims: Learn how to use relative adverbs in attributive clauses
Learning difficult and important points：
The difference between relative adverbs and relative pronouns
Period：One
自主学习过程
关系副词是联系先行词和定语从句的词。定语从句中的关系副词有三个：when, where和why，它们在定语从句中分别作时间、地点和原因状语。其句法结构如下：
 1。 表时间的名词 + when + 定语从句,when指时间，在定语从句中作时间状语.
例句:I still remember the day when I first came to Beijing。
       I’ll never forget the day when I joined the army.
 2. 表地点的名词 + where + 定语从句，where指地点，在定语从句中作地点状语。
例句：The factory where his father works is in the west of the city。
       This is the house where I lived two years ago。
 3. 表原因的名词reason + why + 定语从句(why只用于reason之后的限制性定语从句中，在定语从句中作原因状语。)
例句：That is the reason why I did the job.（在现代英语中why可以省略)
  上句也可以这样表示： That is the reason I did the job。
关系副词在定语从句中的用法看似简单，以下注意点不可忽视：
1）“when"、“where"和“why"的运用取就于表时间的名词、表地点的名词和表原因的名词reason在定语从句中所作的成分,比较下面的几组句子：
＊I will never forget the day when I first met you on the seashore.
*I will never forget the days which/that we spent together in Xueyao Middle School。
＊＊This is the hospital ______ my mother works。
**This is the hospital ______ we visited the day before yesterday。
知识小结 (判断定语从句引导词的方法）
方法一：
不及物动词则要求用关系副词when, where, why,
从句中的谓语为及物动词且后面无宾语，就必须要求用关系代词；
方法二:
先行词在从句中做主、定、宾语时选择关系代词 （who, whom, that， which， whose）；
先行词在从句中做状语时选择关系副词 ( where地点状语，when时间状语，why原因状语）

2） “when"、“where"和“why”都可以替换成“介词 + which”，介词的选用取就于先行词和定语从句中的动词.例如：
Do you still remember the day on which we first met in Nantong?（on which=when)
This is the room in which we lived last year。(in which=where）
Do you know the reason for which he refused to go to Mary’s birthday party。 (for which=why）

3） 有时关系副词“when”、“where"引导的限制性定语从句和先行词有间隔的现象，是为了平衡句子的语法需要.
  Do you remember one afternoon ten years ago when I came to your house and borrowed a diamond necklace？
  The days are gone forever when the Chinese people used “foreign oil.”。
Homework
1、Fill the blanks with proper relative words. (SB P96 C1)
2、Correct the mistakes in each sentence。 (SB P96 C2）

专项训练
1．This is the place_____ John was born？
    A．which  B．where  C。 when  D．that
2.  He is the only person ____ I want to talk to。
    A。 that   B. which   C。 who   D。 whose
3．Is this problem _____the teacher explained last week？
  A． the one  B．that  C．which D．one
4．The high building _____ stand four policemen is the police station．
  A．which    B．that  C．in front of it   D。 in front of which
5．My mother will give Mary a model plane_____ she will like to play．
  A．which    B．that  C．for which    D．with which
6．The film brought the hours back to me_____ I was taken good care of in that far away village.
   A．until  B．that  C when D．where
7．There are times_____ I wonder why I do this job． 
A．as  B．while  C．which  D．when
8．After living in London for thirty years,Mr Smith returned to the small town_____ he grew up as a child．      A．which  B．where  C that  D．when
9．They had a long talk about the persons and things_____ they both knew．
  A．whom  B．what  C. that  D．which
10．That is the very book______ I am looking for.
   A．that  B．which  C．what  D．as
1．B. 先行词是地点，关系副词在定语从句中作状语。
2。  A. 先行词被the only， the very, the last等修饰时，关系代词常用that。 3．A. 缺少先行词,故选A, 作宾语的关系代词省略。
4．D．介词+关系代词引导定语从句。   
5．D。 play with 是一个固定结构，故选with which。
6．C．先行词为时间名词hours，在定语从句中作状语。
7．D．先行词为时间名词times，在定语从句中作状语.
8．B．先行词为地点名词，在定语从句从中作状语。
9．C．先行词包含人和物,关系代词只能用that。
10．A. 先行词被the very修饰，关系代词只能用that.

巩固提升
1．Who is the scientist_____ is going to give us a talk on space this Sunday？
    A．that  B．who  C。 which  D．whom
2．I don't like the way_____ you speak to your teacher．     
    A．／  B．in that  C。 which  D．of which
3．Could you tell me when to get the book______ I want to read?
    A．what  B．who  C．／  D．it
4．The days_____ we spent in Tokyo together will never be forgotten.
    A。 when  B．which  C．who  D．on which
5．A pen friend of mine______ I often receive letters asked me for some Chinese coins。
  A．who    B．whom   C．to who    D．from  whom
6. Don't forget the day_____ you were admitted to Beijing University。
  A．when    B．that  C．at which   D。 where
7．Perhaps this is the only shop_____ you can get such cheap goods。
  A. that    B．of which    C．by which    D．where
8．I can still remember the place_____  my brother and I used to sit in the evening。
   A．which  B．what  C .that  D．where
9．_______ is often the case， we have worked out the production plan.
   A. Which    B。 When      C。 What    D。 As
10．All ____ is needed is a supply of oil。
   A。 the thing  B. what  C。 that   D. which
11．He was seriously ill when he was a child， ____ made him lose his sight。
  A. as   B。 that   C. which    D。 it 
12．In the dark street， there wasn’t a single person ____ he could turn for help.
  A。 that    B。 to whom   C。 who     D. from whom
13．He told the same story ______ I told。
  A。 that    B。 which    C。 as    D. it
14．The best work is that ____ Tom has done。
  A. it    B. which    C. when    D. where
15. The first thing ____ we should do is to water the flowers in front of the room.。
  A。 which     B。 as     C。 what   D。 that
16. Any girls ___ knew him were teachers.
  A. where   B。 that   C。 they    D. whom
17。 The house fell and hurt a woman and her dog ___ were just passing by.
  A。 which   B. as    C. that    D。 who
18．That is the hotel ____ we stayed last year.
  A. in that   B。 in which   C. why   D。 at which
19。 This is the reason ____ we made Mr Li headmaster of our school.
  A. where   B. when   C. before   D. why
20. The student who does well in his lesson is the monitor ___ is very modest and studies hard.
  A. who   B. that    C. as    D. which

答案与简析：     
    11．A。 Who引导的特殊疑问句中含有定语从句关系代词只能用that ， 以免重复。
    12．A。 way为先行词时,关系代词用that或in which或不填.
    13．C．关系代词在定语从句中作宾语，指物，可以用that或which或不填。
    14．B．spent是及物动词,关系代词which作其宾语。
    15．D．receive a letter from sb．收到某人的来信，先行词为人，故选from whom。   
    16．A。先行词为时间，在定语从句中作状语，表示何时进入北大.       
17．D.先行词为地点，在定语从句中作状语。
18. D.先行词为地点，在定语从句中作状语.
19。 D. As 引导的定语从句在句中的位置比较灵活，可置于句首,亦可置于句中，亦可置于句尾。as常作宾语或构成as加be动词加过去分词的结构,或构成as加be动词加表语的结构。as 引导的定语从句在句中修饰的是整个句子。
20。 C。 在定语从句中，当先行词为all， anything, nothing, everything, little, much等不定代词时，关系代词用that, 而不用which。
21。 C。 which引导非限制性定语从句并指代前面的主句。Which的这种用法和as有区别,which常用作行为动词的主语且由它引导的定语从句只能置于句尾.
22.B. 介词加关系代词的用法，“turn to sb for help”为固定结构.
23.C。 先行词由same或such修饰时，关系代词用as.
24.B. 先行词为that时，关系代词用which.
25。D. 当先行词由序数词或形容词的最高级修饰时，关系代词用that。
26.B. 当先行词被any， all， no等修饰时,关系代词用that。
27。C. 当先行词包括人和物时，关系代词用that。
28.D. 介词加关系代词的用法，介词的选用应根据从句谓语动词和先行词的搭配来决定。
29。D. 在reason后的限制性定语从句（一般没有非限制性定语从句)可由why引导。在现代英语里why也可省略。
30。B。 一个句子中有两个定语从句,其中一个关系代词用who,另一个宜用that。

1。 I shall never forget those years ______ I lived in the country with the farmers， _______ has a great effect on my life.
A. that； which B. when; which C。 which; that D。 when; it
2. The days ________ we were together without any worries are gone and I’ll always remember the days ________ we spent together。
A. which; that B。 when; when C. when； that D. which; when
3。 We are living in an age              many things are done on computer。
A. which                 B。 that                     C．whose                 D。 when
4。 Today's Sichuan has become a representative of the west development， a place _____ hopes and opportunities have replaced poverty and backwardness。
A. which B。 that C. where D. there
5. ––– I went to see you at about ten this morning, but you were not in the office.
––– Oh， that was probably _______ I was talking with the headmaster。
A。 when B。 why C。 what D. that
6. Some pre
A. why B. where　 　C。 what D。 how
1 – 5 BCDcA 6 – 10 DCBAC
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