状语从句练习.doc

状语从句
状语从句：指把一句子当着副词作状语时，修饰动词、或整个句子；
根据它在句中的作用可分为时间、地点、原因、条件、目的、结果、让步、方式和比较等从句；
状语从句前一般由连词(从属连词)引导，也可以由词组引导。
它常位于句首；若位于句中，常用逗号与主句隔开；位于句尾时可以不用逗号隔开。
　一、时间状语从句
1. 通常由以下连词引导：when / while / as/ after/ before/ as soon as/ since/ till /until / by the time
　　2. 在时间状语从句中，要注意时态一致。（主将从现）
　　 1).when当…..的时候: Mozart started writing music when he was four years old.
　　　2).while 在…期间: He visited a lot of places while he was traveling.
　 　3).as 在…的同时；一边...一边... : He smiled as he stood up.
　　 4).after在...之后: He left the classroom after he had finished his homework the other day.
　　 5).before 在...之前 Mr. brown had worked in a bank for a year before he came here.
　　 6).as soon as 一...就... We began to work as soon as we got there. I will write to you as soon as i get home.
　　 7).since 自...以来(到现在) Mr green has taught in that school since he came to china three years ago.
　　 8) till /until 直到: They walked till /until it was dark. Tom didn’t leave home till / until his father came back.
　　 　　难点——as/ when/ while的辨析
　　as when while都表示主、从句动作同时发生，三者差异如下：
　 　as 表示“一边...一边＂/随着, 强调两个动作同时进行， I am cooking as I am singing.
　　　when 当…..的时候, 从句动作 可在主句动作 ＂之前 ＂或＂之后＂发生 lit was raining hard when (as) i got there.
　　 还可表and then; at that moment (正在那个时候/突然)： I am leaving for Beijing when the phone rang.
　　 while 在…期间 从句动作为延续性动词或状态词 I am cooking while I am singing
　　 然而（(表转折，对比）she thought I was talking about her daughter, while I was talking about my daughter.
　　Mother was worried because little Alice was ill, especially as (when/ while) father was away.
二、条件状语从句 要点：状语从句由连词if（如果）、unless (=if not)（除非） 引导。
　　 1.if it doesn’t rain tomorrow, we will go hiking. 2.you will get good grades if you study hard.
　 　　3.i will go to the party unless he goes there too. 4.you will be late unless you leave immediately.
　　　　难点提示：用条件状语从句时要注意时态的正确使用,（主将从现）.
三、原因状语从句 要点: 由连词because, since既然, as因为, for因为 等词引导
　　 .I didn’t go to school yesterday because i was ill. S ince everybody is here, let’s begin our meeting.
　　 As you are in poor health, you should not stay up late. I asked her to stay to tea, for i had something to tell her.
　　 .难点——because , since , as , for,辨析
在语气上，because 最重,是直接理由,回答why 时只能用它. 其次是since, as ,一般不表示原因, 而是表明理由, 进一步说明.(译为：由于，既然)； for (常用于推断),表示理由.
四、地点状语从句 要点: 由连词where和复合关系词wherever (=no matter where )）“无论哪里” 引导.
　　 where there is a will , there is a way.　Wherever you go , I go too. 无论何处，多句首)。
　　 wherever there is smoke , there is fire. 无风不起浪。(谚语)
　　 While she was wondering where to go , she met a policeman.
　　五、目的状语从句 由连词so that, in order that 引导。 结果状语从句 由连词, so…that, such…that引导。
　　 1.so…that 如此…以至于 the scientist’s report was so instructive that we were all very excited.
　　 2.so that 以至, 以便 I’ll run slowly so that you can catch up with me. (目的)
　　 3. such…that 如此...以至 it’s such nice weather that all of us want to go to the park.
　　 4.in order that=so that:为了 we shall let you know the details soon in order that you can make your arrangements.
　　 难点 so+形容词或副词 so +形+a(an)+单数可数名词
so+many 或few+复数可数名词 +that so+much或 little+不可数名词
　　 so that ,such…that , in order that引导目的地状语从句, 从句常用can, could, may, might, will, would等词。
so +adj./adv.+ that， such +n.+ that都表示结果, 其中so为副词,后接形容词，副词原型.
　　 The weather is so nice that I’d like to take a walk.
　　 Mike is so honest a man that we all believe him. (=mike is such an honest man that we all believe him.)
　　 I’ve had so many falls that I’m black and blue all over. 我跌了很多跤，浑身数摔得清一块紫一块.
　　 There are so few notebooks that I can’t give you any. 笔记本太少了, 我一本也给不了你.
　　 It is such nice weather that I’d like to take a walk. 天气是如此只好,以至于我想去散散步. 考点
六、让步状语从句 由连词 though, although (虽然) 引导.
　　 注意：though/ although 都不能和but连用， 但是他们可以同yet (still) 连用. 即thought (although)…yet(still).
　　 wrong: although he is rich but he is not happy. right : although he is rich, yet he is not happy.
　　　 Although we have grown up, our parents (still) treat us as children.　　
　　七、比较状语从句： 主要运用于形容词和副词的原级，比较级及最高级的句子之中。
　　 原级： as…as 和...一样 not so(as)…as … 和….不一样
　 　 比较级：more…than (比..更) 形容词/副词+er…than..
　　 最高级：the most…in/of/among (最…) the + 形容词+est…of/in/among
　 　知识扩展
　　 no more than 只不过(嫌少) I have no more than two pens. It’s no more than a mile to the shops.
　　　　 not more than 不如... (前者不如后者) Jack is not more diligent than john.
　　 one of the +名词(复数) ….之一(用于最高级) Hanmei is one of the best students in our school.
　练习
一、用when , while ,as soon as, not…until 填空
1. the car hit the man _______ he was crossing the road. 2. I’ll tell you the good news_______ i get there.
3. He ______ go to bed _______11o’clock last night. 4. The accident happened _____ I was on my way to work.
5. Sports build the body_____ reading builds the mind. 6. I used to be rather quite_______ i was young.

4 / 4

二、用although , though, however填空
1.They got to the airport on time______ the traffic was bad. 2. We had a wonderful_______ the food was terrible.
3. Some people think winter is a bad season. _______, for me it’s a good time because I live cold, rainy weather.
三、用because, since, so… that, if填空
　 1.____ we’re young, we shouldn’t be too afraid of making mistakes.
2.The weather was ____ nice ____ I spent the whole day in the park.
　 3.He couldn’t come to your party______ he was ill. 4.______ were you, i would wear that earrings.
四、填入适当的引导词
1. I haven't heard from him _____ he went to America. 2. He won't be here _____ he is invited.
3. He will not go to the cinema _____ he is very busy. 4. We found the key _____ she lad left it.
5. We found the books two days ____ he had gone away. 6. We had no sooner got to the station _____the train left.
7. He speaks English ______ he were an Englishman. 8.He is explaining clearly _____ they could understand.
9. Do not leave the room _____ you have finished the test. 10. She sang ______ she went along.
　　五、 改错（找出错误并改正）
　　1. The children were running on the playground as fast as they can.
　　2. Since her husband had died，so she had to support her family.
　　3. He won't go out until his mother will come.
　　4. He was very foolish that he didn't pass such an easy exam.
　　5. Tom had gone out as soon as his mother got home.
　　6. It was three months since he came to our school.
　　7. The playground of our school is larger than their school.
　　8. The streets in Nanjing are wider than shanghai.
　　9. Whatever there is plenty of sun and rain，the fields are green.
　　10. She sings songs as if she is a bird.

　　知识迁移 状语从句在完形填空中的作用
　　在完形填空解题过程中，正确使用状语从句中的连接词及副词，对于把握作者思路、从不同角度进行合乎逻辑的推理，进而达到理解全文、构建篇章意识来解决问题，起着决定性的作用。
　　Example 1,
　　Some people dislike certain food 1______ they are not used to it. the Japanese enjoy eating raw fish 2_____ few Americans would want to taste it. some people do not eat particular food for religious reasons. for instance, Muslims do not eat pork 3_____ pigs are thought to be unclean.
　( )1.a. because b. before c. when d. since ( )2 a. as b. when c. while d. after ( )3 a. although b. because c. till d. so that
Example 2.
　　People enjoy the food that they grew up with. As a cultural group, we learn to like what is available(现成可使用的 ) to us. Sometimes we need to change our eating habits. 4_____ we move or travel to a new place with a different culture, or favorite food may not be available to us. 5_____ we have to eat food that is different from the food we are used to .
　　4 ( )a. When b. Because c. As soon as d. If 5 ( )a. As a result b. Before c. So d. For
　　Example 3
　　Try not to leave any caller on hold for too long. It is better to tell someone you will call back 6_____ you are free. Be sure to return calls 7_____ you can. 8 _____ you can not return the call immediately, apologize to the caller for the delay.
6 ( )a. while b. after c. when d. because 7 ( )a. If b. As soon as c. Until d. As
8 ( )a. where b. unless c. since d. if
　　Example 4
　　The complete course is 26 miles, 385 yards, and takes the best runners less than 3 hours. 9______ it has changed since 1970, the new york city marathon is always exciting.
　　9 ( )a. Because b. Although c. When d. Till
　　Example 5
　　“And i don’t think you have the right to ask me to remove them, 10_______ you are my father.” said he.(05中考))
　　 10 ( )a. after all b. only if c. even though d. as if

　　状语从句在写作中的运用：写作中能合理、正确地使用状语从句，不但能地道的表达英文习惯，而且还能使文体结构更加严谨、美观。例如下文：
My Hobby
　　The hobby I enjoy most is fishing.
　　I started fishing (1)when I was five years old. I’ll never forget the day (2)when my father first took me fishing with him. On that day, I was holding a fishing rod (3)when a fish suddenly started pulling on the line. (4)I was so shocked that I fell into the water. But experience didn’t put me off and I have been fishing ever since.
　　Now I still go fishing with my father. And we often go out on Sundays and spend the whole day fishing in the river.
　　(1)是由when引导的时间状语从句，这列从句的使用频率很高。
　　(2)句是由I’ll never forget the day .及when my father first took me fishing with him.两句组成。when在从句中做时间状语。
　　(3)句也是由when 引导的时间状语从句。when常与suddenly连用，主句常用过去进行是。译为“正在……,忽然……”.
　　(4)是以 so…that… (太…..一直于……)引导的结果状语从句