Personification-拟人修辞.ppt

BY：Dou Nan1.DefinitionA figure that endows objects,animals,ideas,or abstractions with human form,character or sensibility.(是一种修辞格，它是一种修辞格，它赋赋予各种物予各种物体、体、动动物、思想、或抽象概念以人的形体、物、思想、或抽象概念以人的形体、性格或者情感。性格或者情感。)2.1.The year 1871 1.The year 1871 witnessed witnessed the heroic uprising of the Paris the heroic uprising of the Paris Commune.Commune.1871 1871年目睹了（爆年目睹了（爆发发了）英勇的巴黎公社了）英勇的巴黎公社2.2.ThirstyThirsty soil soil drankdrank in the rain.in the rain.饥饥渴的土壤在雨中渴的土壤在雨中畅饮畅饮。3.Did you see the 3.Did you see the anger anger of the tempest?of the tempest?你看到暴你看到暴风风雨的雨的愤愤怒怒吗吗？4.The flowers 4.The flowers noddednodded in the breeze.in the breeze.花儿在微花儿在微风风中点中点头头。3.FunctionPersonification is usually employed to add vividness to expression.英英语语personification的运用，能增的运用，能增强强语语言表达的的感染力言表达的的感染力和生和生动动性，使被描写性，使被描写对对象栩栩如生，活灵活象栩栩如生，活灵活现现。For example:The clock on the wall ticked loudly and lazily,as if I had time to spare.Outside the rattling windows there was a restless whispering wind.The room grew light and dark,and wondrous light again,as the moon played hide-and-seek through the clouds.挂挂钟懒钟懒洋洋地滴答滴答地响，声音那么大，好像洋洋地滴答滴答地响，声音那么大，好像时间时间很充很充裕。窗裕。窗户户格格作响，外格格作响，外边边不停地刮着不停地刮着风风，像在低声耳，像在低声耳语语。月亮在云月亮在云层层中玩捉迷藏中玩捉迷藏时时，房，房间间里忽明忽暗，不里忽明忽暗，不时时出出现现奇奇光。光。4.Common Forms 在在拟拟人法中，把那些只适用于描写人法中，把那些只适用于描写人的人的verbs,nouns,adjectives,adverbs,pronouns 等用来描写非人等用来描写非人的的东东西，使之具有人的属性西，使之具有人的属性5.A.Personification by means of verbs动词性拟人B.Personification by means of nouns名词性拟人C.Personification by means of adjectives形容词性拟人D.Personification by means of adverbs副词性拟人E.Personification by means of pronouns代词性拟人forms6.Personification by means of verbsAt last the engine begin to wake,grumble,fall asleep and asleep and wake again.机器终于醒了过来，大发牢骚，又睡了过去，然后再次醒过来The moon is riding in the sky.月亮在天上赶路。Her eyes danced with great vivacity.她的眼睛很快乐地上下打量着。7.Personification by means of nouns1.Procrastination is the thief of time.拖延为时间之窃贼。2.Time is the best physician.时间是妙手神医。3.Lies have short legs.谎言站不住脚8.Personification by means of adjectives1.Love is blind.a.爱情是盲目的。b.情人眼里出西施。2.The stubborn door wont open.这难打开的门打不开。9.Personification by means of adverbs His words were bitingly sarcastic。他的话尖刻辛辣10.Personification by means of pronouns 1.China will always do what she has promised to do.中国人从来说话是算数的。2.The“victory”is due in tomorrow,isnt she?“胜利号”轮船明日抵港，是吗？11.在拟人法中，常用人称代词she,he等代替非人的东西。如：she,her 代替 moon,nature,country,ship,earth,virtue(美德),religion,pity,peace,charity(博爱),liberty,car,morning等；用he,his,him代替sun,god,time,ocean,war,anger,pine,death,love,Cupid(丘比特)等。12.13.A.Animals and Plants Flowers peeped out among the leaves.The infant flower opens its bud and cries,“Dear world,please do not fade.”It is useless for the sheep to pass resolution in favor of vegetarianism while the wolf remains of a different opinion.Mosquitoes were using my ankles for filling station.花儿从树叶中露出来。花之婴睁开花苞叫道：“亲爱的世界，请你不要枯萎！”当狼依然持不同意见之时群羊要通过赞成素食主义的决议案也是无济于事的.蚊子把我的脚踝当做加油站。14.B.Inanimate objectsThe gentle breeze caressed my cheeks and soothed my anger.一阵微风抚过我的脸颊，平息了我的怒火.When guns speak it is too late to argue.等到大炮说话，争论已经太迟了。The wind sighed in the tree top.风在树顶上叹息。15.C.Abstractions A lie goes halfway around the world before truth has time to get its trousers on.真相还来不及穿上裤子，谎言已经走遍了半个世界。b.Laziness travels so slowly,that poverty soon overtakes him.懒惰缓缓而行，贫穷迎头赶上。Slang is language that takes off coat,spits on its hand,and goes to work.俚语，是脱下上衣，吐一口唾沫，跟着就着手工作的语言。16.比拟和拟人拟人和比喻拟人与拟声 比比拟拟可分可分为拟为拟人和人和拟拟物物 拟拟人法人法强强调调非人的非人的东东西与人，在某一点上相似，因此，我西与人，在某一点上相似，因此，我们们也可以把它看成是一种比也可以把它看成是一种比喻喻。可以。可以说说，拟拟人法是比人法是比喻喻中中的一小的一小类类，但不可以，但不可以说说一切比一切比喻喻都是都是拟拟人。人。拟拟人法人法强强调调非人的非人的东东西与人在特性、外表及活西与人在特性、外表及活动动方式方面的方式方面的相似性；相似性；拟拟声法声法强强调调在叫出某一事物或在叫出某一事物或动动作的名称作的名称时时，用模仿人或者，用模仿人或者事物的声响的方法，使事物的声响的方法，使这这一事物或一事物或动动作作带带上声音的特点。上声音的特点。17.18.