不规则动词过去式与过去分词表(附音标).doc

英语不规则动词记忆规律
虽然英语有些动词的过去式和过去分词变化不规则，但可以把这些不规则动词的变化成分几种形式来记忆：
1、AAA型（原形→原形→原形）
2、AAB型
3、ABA型（原形→过去式→原形）
4、ABB型
（1）、在动词原形后加一个辅音字母d, t或ed构成过去式或过去分词。
（2）、把动词原形的最后一个辅音字母“d”改为“t” 构成过去式或过去分词。
（3）、原形→ought →ought
（4）、原形→aught →aught
（5）、变其中一个元音字母
（6）、原形→□lt/pt/ft→□lt/pt/ft
（7）、其它（无规律）
5、ABC型
（1）、原形→ew→own
（2）、原形→过去式→原形+(e)n
（3）、原形→过去式→过去式+(e)n
（4）、变单词在重读音节中的元音字母“i”分别为“a”（过去式）和“u”（过去分词），即[i→a →u]
（5）、其它（无规律）
6、一个动词有两种变化形式
7、情态动词（无过去分词）
后附：《初中英语不规则动词记忆表》
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英语不规则动词初中记忆表
1.AAA型（原形→原形→原形）1
动词原形
过去式
过去分词

cost [kɔst]
cost [kɔst]
cost [kɔst]
花费
cut [kʌt]
cut [kʌt]
cut [kʌt]
割，切，剪
hurt [hə:t]
hurt [hə:t]
hurt [hə:t]
受伤，使……伤痛
hit [hit]
hit [hit]
hit [hit]
打，撞击
let [let]
let [let]
let [let]
让
put [put]
put [put]
put [put]
放下
read [ri:d]
read [red]
read [red]　注意读音
读
set [set]
set [set]
set [set]
安排，安置
spread [spred]
spread [spred]
spread [spred]
展开，传播，涂
spit [spit]
spit/spat [spit] [spæt]
spit/spat [spit] [spæt]
吐痰,
shut [ʃʌt]
shut [ʃʌt]
shut [ʃʌt]
关上, 闭起,停止营业
2.AAB型　　
动词原形
过去式
过去分词

beat [bi:t]
beat [bi:t]
beaten ['bi:tn]
打败
3.ABA（原形→过去式→原形）
动词原形
过去式
过去分词

become [bi'kʌm]
became [bi'keim]
become [bi'kʌm]
变
come [kʌm]
came [keim]
come [kʌm]
来
run [rʌn]
ran [ræn]
run [rʌn]
跑
4.ABB型
（1）、在动词原形后加一个辅音字母d, t或ed构成过去式或过去分词。
动词原形
过去式
过去分词

deal [di:l]
dealt [delt]
dealt [delt]
解决
hear [hiə]
heard [hə:d]
heard [hə:d]
听见
mean [mi:n]
meant [ment]
meant [ment]
意思
（2）、把动词原形的最后一个辅音字母“d”改为“t” 构成过去式或过去分词。
动词原形
过去式
过去分词

build [bild]
built [bilt]
built [bilt]
建筑
lend [lend]
lent [lent]
lent [lent]
借给
rebuild [,ri:'bild]
rebuilt [,ri:'bilt]
rebuilt [,ri:'bilt]
改建, 重建
send [send]
sent [sent]
sent [sent]
送，寄
spend [spend]
spent [spent]
spent [spent]
花费
（3）、原形→ought →ought
动词原形
过去式
过去分词

bring [briŋ]
brought [brɔ:t]
brought [brɔ:t]
带来
buy [bai]
bought [bɔ:t]
bought [bɔ:t]
买
fight [fait]
fought [fɔ:t]
fought [fɔ:t]
打架
think [θiŋk]
thought [θɔ:t]
thought [θɔ:t]
思考,想
（4） 、原形→aught →aught
动词原形
过去式
过去分词

catch [kætʃ]
caught [kɔ:t]
caught [kɔ:t]
捉,抓
teach [ti:tʃ]
taught [tɔ:t]
taught [tɔ:t]
教
（5）、变其中一个元音字母
动词原形
过去式
过去分词

dig [diɡ]
dug [dʌɡ]
dug [dʌɡ]
掘(土), 挖(洞、沟等)
feed [fi:d]
fed [fed]
fed [fed]
喂食
find [faind]
found [fəund]
found [fəund]
发现，找到
get [ɡet]
got [ɡɔt]
got/gotten ['ɡɔtən]
得到
hold [həuld]
held [held]
held [held]
拥有，握住，支持
lead [li:d]
led [led]
led [led]
引导, 带领, 领导
meet [mi:t]
met [met]
met [met]
遇见
sit [sit]
sat [sæt]
sat [sæt]
坐
shoot [ʃu:t]
shot [ʃɔt]
shot [ʃɔt]
射击
spit [spit]
spit/spat [spæt]
spit/spat [spæt]
吐痰,
stick [stik]
stuck [stʌk]
stuck [stʌk]
插进, 刺入, 粘住,
win [win]
won [wʌn]
won [wʌn]
赢
babysit ['bæbi,sit]
babysat ['bebi'sit]
babysat ['bebi'sit]
临时照看
（6）、原形→□lt/pt/ft→□lt/pt/ft
动词原形
过去式
过去分词

feel ['fi:l]
felt [felt]
felt [felt]
感到，触摸
keep [ki:p]
kept [kept]
kept [kept]
保持
leave [li:v]
left [left]
left [left]
离开
sleep [sli:p]
slept [slept]
slept [slept]
睡觉
sweep [swi:p]
swept [swept]
swept [swept]
扫
（7）、其它（无规律）
动词原形
过去式
过去分词

lay [lei]
laid [leid]
laid [leid]
下蛋, 放置
pay [pei]
paid [peid]
paid [peid]
付
say [sei]
said [sed]
said [sed]
说
stand [stænd]
stood [stud]
stood [stud]
站
understand [,ʌndə'stænd]
understood [,ʌndə'stud]
understood [,ʌndə'stud]
明白
lose [lu:z]
lost [lɔst, lɔ:st]
lost [lɔst, lɔ:st]
失去
have [həv, hæv]
had [hæd]
had [hæd]
有
make [meik]
made [meid]
made [meid]
制造
sell [sel]
sold [səuld]
sold [səuld]
卖
tell [tel]
told [təuld]
told [təuld]
告诉
retell [,ri:'tel]
retold [,ri:'təuld]
retold [,ri:'təuld]
重讲，重复，复述
5.ABC型
（1）、原形→ew→own
blow [bləu]
blew [blu:]
blown [bləun]
吹
draw [drɔ:]
drew [dru:]
drawn [drɔ:n]
画画
grow [ɡrəu]
grew [ɡru:]
grown [ɡrəun]
生长
know [nəu]
knew [nju:]
known [nəun]
知道
throw [θrəu]
threw [θru:]
thrown [θrəun, 'θrəun]
抛，扔
fly [flai]
flew [flu:]
flown [fləun]
飞
（2）、原形→过去式→原形+(e)n
动词原形
过去式
过去分词

drive [ draiv ]
drove [drəuv]
driven [drivn]
驾驶
eat [i:t]
ate [et,eit]
eaten ['i:tən]
吃
fall [fɔ:l]
fell [fel]
fallen ['fɔ:lən]
落下
give [ɡiv]
gave [ɡeiv]
given ['ɡivən]
给，给予
forgive [fə'ɡiv]
forgave [fə'ɡeiv]
forgiven [fə'ɡivn]
原谅, 饶恕
overeat [,əuvə'ri:t]
overate ['əuvə'et]
overeaten [,əuvə'ri:tn]
(使)吃过量
take [teik]
took [tuk]
taken ['teikən]
拿
ride [raid]
rode [rəud]
ridden ['ridən]
骑，乘
see [si:]
saw [sɔ:]
seen [si:n]
看见
write [rait]
wrote [rəut]
written ['ritən]
写
forbid　　　[fə'bid]
forbade [fə'bæd]
forbidden [fə'bidn]
禁止
rise [raiz]
rose [rəuz]
risen [rizn]
上升，升起
mistake [mi'steik]
mistook [mi'stuk]
mistaken [mi'steikən]
弄错; 误解,
shake 　　　　[ʃeik]
shook [ʃuk]
shaken 　[ʃeikən]
摇
（3）、原形→过去式→过去式+(e)n
动词原形
过去式
过去分词

break [breik]
broke [brəuk]
broken ['brəukən]
打破
choose [tʃu:z]
chose [tʃəuz]
chosen ['tʃəuzən]
选择
get [ɡet]
got [ɡɔt]
got/gotten ['ɡɔtən]
得到
hide [haid]
hid [hid]
hidden ['hidn]
隐藏
forget [fə'ɡet]
forgot [fə'ɡɔt]
forgotten [fə'ɡɔtn]
忘记
freeze [fri:z]
froze [frəuz]
frozen ['frəuzn]
冷冻,结冰，感到严寒
speak [spi:k]
spoke [spəuk]
spoken ['spəukən]
说
steal [sti:l]
stole [ stəul]
stolen ['stəulən]
偷
（4）、变单词在重读音节中的元音字母“i”分别为“a”（过去式）和“u”（过去分词）。
[i→a →u]
动词原形
过去式
过去分词

begin [bi'ɡin]
began [bi'ɡæn]
begun [bi'ɡʌn]
开始
drink [driŋk]
drank [dræŋk]
drunk [drʌŋk]
喝
sing [siŋ]
sang [sæŋ]
sung [sʌŋ]
唱
sink [siŋk]
sank [sæŋk]
sunk [sʌŋk]
下沉, 沉没
swim [swim]
swam [swæm]
swum [swʌm]
游泳
ring [riŋ]
rang [ræŋ]
rung [rʌŋ]
打电话
（5）、其它 （无规律）
动词原形
过去式
过去分词

be (am, is, are)
was/ were
been [bin]
是
do [du:]
did [did]
done [dʌn]
做
go [ɡəu]
went [went]
gone [ɡɔn]
去
wear [wεə]
wore [wɔ:]
worn [wɔ:n]
穿
6.一个动词有两种变化形式
动词原形
过去式
过去分词

bear [bεə]
bore [bɔ:]
born [bɔ:n]
vt.负担, 忍受 vi.生
bore [bɔ:]
borne [bɔ:n]
lie [lai]
lay [lei]
lain [lein]
躺
lied [li:d]
lide [li:d]
说谎
hang ['hæŋ]
hanged [hæŋd]
hanged [hæŋd]
绞死、吊死、
hung [hʌŋ]
hung [hʌŋ]
悬挂
learn [lə:n]
learned [lə:nid]
learned [lə:nid]
学习
learnt [lə:nt]
learnt [lə:nt]
show [ʃəu]
showed [ʃəud]
showed [ʃəud]
展示, 给...看
showed [ʃəud]
shown ['ʃəun]
spell [spel]
spelled [speld]
spelled [speld]
拼写
spelt [spelt]
spelt [spelt]
burn [bə:n]
burnt [bə:nt]
burnt [bə:nt]
燃烧
burned [bə:nd]
burned [bə:nd]
smell [smel]
smelled [smeld]
smelt [smelt]
闻, 嗅
smelt [smelt]
smelt [smelt]
shine [ʃain]
shined [ʃaind]
shined [ʃaind]
使照耀，使发光
shone [ʃɔn]
shone [ʃɔn]
dream [dri:m]
dreamed [dri:md]
dreamed [dri:md]
做梦
dreamt [dremt]
dreamt [dremt]
wake [weik]
waked [weikt] 注意读音
waked [weikt] 注意读音
醒来，叫醒, 激发
woke [wəuk]
woken ['wəukən]
light ['lait]
lighted [laitid]
lighted [laitid]
点燃, 照亮
lit [lit]
lit [lit]
prove [pru:v]
proved [pru:vd]
proved [pru:vd]
证明, 证实,试验
proved [pru:vd]
proven ['pru:vn]
speed [spi:d]
speeded [spi:did]
speeded [spi:did]
加速
sped [sped]
sped [sped]
7.情态动词（无过去分词）
动词原形
过去式

can [kæn]
could [kəd] [cud]
能
may [mei]
might [mait]
也许
must [mʌst]
/
必须
shall [ʃæl]
should [ʃəd] [ʃud]
将要
will [wil]
would [wud]
会