人教版八年级上复合不定代词用法.doc

复合不定代词用法大盘点
复合不定代词是由some-，any-，no-，every-加上-one，-body，-thing等所组成的不定代词。复合不定代词包括 something, somebody, someone, anything, anybody, anyone, nothing, nobody, no one, everything, everybody, everyone 等十二个。这些复合代词具有名词性质，在句中可用作主语、宾语或表语，但不能用作定语。使用时注意以下几点：
一、复合不定代词的指代对象
1、含-body和-one的复合代词只用来指人，含-body的复合不定代词与含-one的复合不定代词在功能和意义上完全相同，可以互换。只是用-body时显得较通俗些，多用于口语中，用-one时显得较文雅些，更常见于正式场合及书面语中。如：
Someone/Somebody is crying in the next room.有人在隔壁房间哭。
No one/Nobody is stupid. 没有谁是愚蠢的。
2、含-thing的复合不定代词只用来指事物。如：
Are you going to buy anything?你会去买东西吗？
I can hear nothing but your voice. 我只听到了你的声音。
二、复合不定代词的数
1、复合不定代词都具有单数的含义，因此通常被看成是单数第三人称。当它们充当句子的主语时，其后的谓语动词用单数形式。如：
Is everyone here today? 今天，大家都到齐了吗？
Nothing is difficult if you put your heart into it. 世上无难事，只怕有心人。
2、当要对一群人讲话时，可使用以复合不定代词作主语的祈使句，句中的动词用原形。如：
Nobody move！= Don’ anybody move！ 都别动！
Everyone lie down! 统统趴下！
三、复合不定代词的定语
复合不定代词的定语必须后置，即放在复合不定代词的后面。如：
Can you tell something interesting? 你能讲些有趣的事情吗？
Is there anybody important here? 这儿有大人物吗？
Would you like something to eat? 要来些吃的东西吗？
四、含some-和any-的复合不定代词间的用法区别
由some-和any-所构成的复合不定代词（即something和anything；someone和anyone；somebody和anybody）之间的区别跟some和any的区别一样。
1、something，someone，somebody通常用于肯定句中，而anything，anyone，anybody一般用于否定句，疑问句或条件状语从句中。如：
He found something strange but interesting.他发现了一些奇怪但却有趣的事情。
Do you have anything to say ？你有话要说吗？
I can’t meet anybody  on the island. 在岛上，我没遇见任何人。
2、在表示请求、邀请、提建议等带有委婉语气的疑问句，和希望得到对方肯定答复的疑问句，以及表示反问的问句中，也用something，someone，somebody等复合不定代词。如:
Would you like something to eat？要些吃的东西吗？
Isn’t there something wrong with you? 难道你没问题吗？

及时练：用anyone ,something, anything, everything, nothing, everyone , no one 填空。
1. Linda: Did you do ____________ fun on your bacation, Alice?
Alice: Yes, I did. I went to Sanya.
Linda: How did you like it?
Alice: Well, it was my first time there, so __________ was really interesting.
Linda: Did you go with ___________?
Alice: Yes, I did. I went with my sister.
Linda: Did you go shopping?
Alice: Of course! I bought _________ for my parents. But __________ for myself.
Linda: Why didn’t you buy __________for yourself.
Alice: I didn’t really see___________ I liked.
五、练评
用所给动词的正确形式填空。
Last August, our class_________(do) something very special on our school trip. We __________(go) to mount Tai. We_________(start) our trip at 12:00 at night. Everyone in our class_________(take) a bag with some food and water. After three hours, someone looked at the map and _________(find) out we __________(be ,not) anywhere near the top. My legs ________(be) so tired that I wanted to stop. My classmates_________(tell) me to keep going, so I _________(go) on. At 5:00 a.m., we got to the top! Everyone _________(jump) up and down in excitement. Twenty minutes later, the sun ________(start) to come up. It was so beautiful that we ________(forget) about the last five hours!