2021年中考英语基础语法专题练习-代词.docx

2021年中考英语基础语法专题练习 代词2021年中考英语基础语法专题练习 代词年级：姓名：专题二代词学前自测（发现考点）( )1. The old man has two daughters, but _ of them lives with him.A. none B. both C. neither D. all ( )2. I prefer speaking to listening in English learning. Oh, really! I think you should be good at _ of them.A. some B. any C. both D. all ( )3. She promised that she could finish the work by _.A. her B. herself C. she D. hers( )4. I saw the dog along with a girl _ was the only guide dog in our city.A. who B. which C. whom D. what( )5. Could you lend me your pen? I left _ at home. Certainly.A. mine B. yours C. one D. it( )6. Wow, the English exam is so easy. I think so. But I dont think _ can pass it.A. someone B. anyone C. everyone D. no one( )7. The people in Tokyo will have to get _ ready before the 2020 Tokyo Olympic Games.A. anything B. nothing C. something D. everything( )8. Wow! There are so many new buildings. I cant believe it! It used to be a poor village. Yes. _ has changed here.A. Something B. Nothing C. Everything D. Anything( )9. _ David _ Jessica can go to the concert, because they have no tickets.A. Neither; nor B. Either; or C. Both; and D. Not only; but also( )10. The boy said that he couldnt work out the problem by _.A. him B. his C. he D. himself常考考点知识清单（研习考点）考点一 人称代词1. 人称代词的分类人称主格 宾格单数复数单数复数第一人称Iwemeus第二人称youyouyouyou第三人称hetheyhimthemsheheritit2. 人称代词的用法人称代词的主格在句中作主语,宾格作动词或介词的宾语。We are middle school students. 我们是中学生。I wrote a letter to him last week. 上周我给他写了一封信。注意:人称代词作表语时,在口语中常用宾格。3. 人称代词的语序几个人称代词并列作主语时,其顺序是:单数:二、三、一;复数:一、二、三。You, she and I will study in a group. 你、她还有我将在一个组里学习。We, you and they are all students. 我们、你们还有他们都是学生。巧记:人称代词的排列顺序人称代词并列观,注意顺序礼貌见。单数并列二、三、一,复数并列一、二、三。考点二 物主代词1. 物主代词的分类人称形容词性物主代词名词性物主代词单数复数单数复数第一人称myourmineours第二人称youryouryouryour第三人称histheirhistheirsherhersitsits巧记: 物主代词分两家,形、名词性各一霸。his, its 无变化, my, mine 牢记它。其余变化规律化,形容词性后面加尾巴(-s)。2. 物主代词的用法(1) 形容词性物主代词放在名词前作定语。That is our classroom. 那是我们的教室。注意:在某些固定短语中,形容词性物主代词要随人称而变化。 如:do/ try ones best, change ones mind, do ones homework, on ones way to, save ones life 等。(2) 名词性物主代词相当于“形容词性物主代词+名词”,可作主语、表语或宾语。This is your pen. Mine is in my pencil case. 这是你的钢笔。 我的在我的铅笔盒里。(3) 用于双重所有格中,即“a/ an+名词+of+名词性物主代词”。He is a friend of mine. 他是我的一个朋友。巧记:物主代词的用法物主代词两类型,形容词性、名词性。形容词性作定语,后面定把名词用。名词性,独立用,主宾表语它都充。考点三 反身代词1. 反身代词的单复数形式2. 反身代词的用法(1) 作宾语,位于及物动词或介词之后。The boy teaches himself English. 这个男孩儿自学英语。(2) 作主语或宾语的同位语,用以加强语气,可以放在主语之后或句尾。John himself did the work. =John did the work himself. 约翰亲自做了这项工作。注意:反身代词不可作定语,常用“ones own”表示“某人自己的”。This is my own car. 这是我自己的小汽车。3. 反身代词常用于一些固定搭配中teach oneself; learnby oneself; enjoy oneself; devote oneself to; come to oneself; say to oneself; help oneself to; by oneself; for oneself; of oneself考点四 指示代词单数复数指近处thisthese指远处thatthose1. 作主语、宾语、表语。This is a chair. 这是一把椅子。2. 在电话中,用 this (我) 表示打电话者,用于介绍自己,用 that (你) 询问对方。Hello! This is Bob (speaking). Whos that? 您好! 我是鲍勃。 你是哪位?3. that 和 those 可以用在比较结构中,以避免重复。 that 代替前面提到的单数名词或不可数词;those 代替前面提到的复数可数名词。The population of China is larger than that of Russia. 中国的人口比俄罗斯人口多。考点五 疑问代词1. 常见的疑问代词及其基本用法疑问代词基本用法例句who作主语、表语或宾语(作宾语时,不能位于介词后面)Who are you waiting for? 你正在等谁?whomwho 的宾格形式,作宾语 With whom did you go? 你和谁一起去的?whosewho 的所有格形式,作主语、表语、宾语或定语Whose book is it? 它是谁的书?what作主语、表语、宾语或定语 What is he doing? 他正在做什么?which作主语、表语、宾语或定语 Which one is bigger? 哪一个更大?2. what 与 which 的区别what 用于选择范围较大或不明确的场合,which 用于选择范围较小或较明确的场合。Which is better, this one or that one? 哪一个更好,这个还是那个?3. who 与 what 在口语中的用法区别Who is he? 意思是“他是谁?”询问的是某个人的身份或姓名等。 What is he? 意思是“他是干什么的?”,询问的是某人的职业。Who is he? 他是谁? He is Jennys brother. 他是珍妮的哥哥。What is he? 他是做什么的? He is a doctor. 他是个医生。考点六 不定代词不指明代替任何特定名词的代词叫做不定代词,在句中可以作主语、宾语、表语、同位语等。 不定代词分为普通不定代词和复合不定代词。1. 普通不定代词主要有: some, any, both, all, another, other, each, either, neither, none, one, a few, few, a little, little, many, much 等。2. 几种常见的普通不定代词的用法辨析(1) one 与 it相同点单词用法例句为了避免同一名词重复使用,常用 one 或 it 来代替前面提到的某个单数名词oneone 所代替的是前面提到的同类事物,但不是同一个I cant find my pen. I think I must buy a new one.我找不到我的钢笔了。我想我必须买一支新的。itit 所代替的是前面提到的那个特指的事物I bought a new pen yesterday, and I gave it to my sister.我昨天买了一支新钢笔,我把它给我妹妹了。(2) some 与 any相同点单词用法例句修饰可数或不可数名词some陈述句There are some boys playing football.有一些男孩们正在踢足球。疑问句Would you like some water? 你想喝些水吗?any否定句、疑问句或条件状语从句There isnt any meat in the fridge.冰箱里没有肉了。(3) both, all, neither, none, either 与 any之一都都不适用范围两者eitherbothneither三者或以上anyallnone固定短语both and (连接两个主语,谓语动词用复数)either or (连接两个主语,谓语动词遵循就近原则)neither nor (连接两个主语,谓语动词遵循就近原则)(4) little, a little, few 与 a few很少;几乎没有(表否定)几个;一点儿(表肯定)修饰可数名词fewa few修饰不可数名词littlea little例句Dont worry! There is a little time left. 别着急! 还有一点儿时间。He has a few friends here, but he has few good friends.在这里他有几个朋友,但是几乎没有好朋友。(5) other(s), the other(s), another概念成份数泛指剩下中的一部分(不用 the) 特指剩下中的全体(要用 the)作主语/ 宾语作定语(其后加名词) 作主语/ 宾语 作定语(其后加名词)单数anotheranother bookthe other the other book复数others other books the others the other books3. 复合不定代词-one -thing -bodysome-someonesomethingsomebodyany-anyoneanythinganybodyevery-everyoneeverythingeverybodyno-no onenothingnobody(1) 一般情况下,由 some 构成的复合不定代词用在肯定句中;由 any 构成的复合不定代词用在疑问句和否定句中;由 no 构成的复合不定代词表示否定意义。I have something to tell you. 我有事要告诉你。I cant see anything. 我什么也看不见。Theres nothing I can do. 我什么也做不了。(2) 形容词或 else 修饰不定代词时,通常位于不定代词之后。Do you want anything else? 你还想要其他的东西吗?考点七 代词 it 的用法1. it 用来指除人以外的一切生物和事物,可指时间、距离、天气、温度、度量等。Whats the weather like today? 今天天气怎样?Its sunny. 很晴朗。2. it 可用来代替指示代词 this 和 that。Whats this/ that? 这/ 那是什么?Its an apple. 是苹果。3. it 指婴儿或不明身份的人。Is it a boy or a girl? 是男孩还是女孩?4. it 代替动词不定式作形式主语。Its important for us to work hard. 努力工作对我们来说很重要。5. it 代替动词不定式作形式宾语。I found it easy to work out the Math problem. 我发现算出这道数学题很容易。巩固训练（夯实基础）一、单项选择( )1. _ notebook is this? I think its .A. Whose; he B. Who; his C. Whose; his D. Who; him( )2. Morning, class. Is _ here? No, sir. Tom is absent.A. anybody B. everybody C. nobody D. somebody( )3. Can you kick the ball to _ end of the football field? Its hard for me. I think _ goalkeepers can make it.A. another; a little B. another; little C. the other; a few D. the other; few( )4. Would you like tea or coffee? _. I really dont care.A. None B. Either C. Neither D. All( )5. Mary tried on three dresses, but _ of them fitted her. Dont worry. There are plenty of dresses there.A. both B. none C. all D. neither( )6. Who teaches _ Japanese? Nobody. I teach _.A. your; mine B. your; my C. you; myself D. you; me( )7. _ Tom _ Jack has gone to the party because they have no time. What a pity!A. Both; and B. Either; or C. Neither; nor D. None; or( )8. Who is Mr Li? He is _ teacher and he teaches _ English.A. our; our B. us; us C. our; us D. us; our( )9. As for learning English, students who read a lot can do much better than _ who dont.A. those B. that C. these D. them( )10. Hello, may I speak to Jane, please? Speaking. Whos _ ?A. this B. that C. he D. you二、用所给单词的正确形式填空1. Little Tom fell off his bike, but he didnt hurt _ (he).2. This ticket is for you. Its _ (you) now.3. What a cute dog! Whats _ (it) name?4. _ (who) bike is this?5. I think _ (they) classroom is bigger and brighter than ours.6. This is an ice box, and _ (those) is a glass of water.7. When we grow up, we have to learn to take care of _ (our).8. Who help _ (she) clean the room?9. This magazine is not _ (my). Its his.10. _ (this) apples are five yuan a kilo.答案：学前自测1-5 CCBBA 6-10 CDCAD巩固训练一、1-5 CBDBB6-10 CCCAB二、1. himself2. yours3. its4. whose5. their6. that7. ourselves8. her9. mine10. These