《05-11年英语专业四级真题语法归类（答案版）》.doc

<p>一、谓语动词时态

63. In his plays Shakespeare _____ his characters live through their language.
　　A. would make B. had made C. made D. makes

*The Bible says love of money is the root of all evil.
*Hemingway’s enduring contribution to the human being is his insistence that grace---under pressure.
A.is to be kept B.has been kept C.should have been kept D.be kept

58.The committee has anticipated the problems that ________in the road construction project.
A.arise&nbsp; B.will arise&nbsp; ?C.arose&nbsp; D.have arisen

59.The student said there were a few points in the essay he _______impossible to comprehend.
A.had found&nbsp; B.finds&nbsp; C.has found&nbsp; D.would find

60.He would have finished his college education, but he _______to quit and find a job to support his family.
A.had had&nbsp; B.has&nbsp; &nbsp; C.had&nbsp; D.would have

55. The student said there were a few points in the essay he __ impossible to comprehend.
A has found B was finding C had found D would find

54. James has just arrived, but I didn’t know he _________ until yesterday.
A. will come &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;B. was coming &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;C. had been coming &nbsp;D. came

55. _________ conscious of my moral obligations as a citizen.
A. I was and always will be &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;B. I have to be and always will be
C. I had been and always will be &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;D. I have been and always will be

56.Jack ____ from home for two days now, and I am beginning to worry about his safety.
A. has been missing B. has been missed
C. had been missing &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; D. was missed

43．For some time now, world leaders _______ out the necessity for agreement on arms reduction.
A. had been pointing &nbsp;B. have been pointing &nbsp; C. were pointing &nbsp; D. pointed

52. &nbsp;Much as ___, I couldn’t lend him the money because I simply didn’t have that much spare cash.
A. I would have liked to &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; B. I would like to have 
C. I should have to like &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;D.I should have liked to 

二、非谓语动词：

非谓语动词 – 分词 &nbsp;
逻辑主语与从句中动词的主动与被动的关系。

64. &nbsp;______ at in his way, the situation doesn&#39;t seem so desperate.
A. Looking &nbsp; &nbsp;B. Looked &nbsp; &nbsp;C. Being looked &nbsp; &nbsp;D. To look

55. &nbsp;If not ______ with the respect he feels due to him, Jack gets very ill-tempered and grumbles all the time.
A. &nbsp;being treated B.treated &nbsp; C. be treated &nbsp; D. having been treated

45. ____, he can now only watch it on TV at home.
&nbsp; &nbsp; [A] Obtaining not a ticket for the match
&nbsp; &nbsp; [B] Not obtaining a ticket for the match
&nbsp; &nbsp; [C] Not having obtained a ticket for the match
&nbsp; &nbsp; [D ] Not obtained a ticket for the match

51. ____ enough time and money, the researcher would have been able to discover more in this field.
&nbsp; &nbsp; [A] Giving &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;[B] To give &nbsp; &nbsp; [C] Given &nbsp; &nbsp; [D] Being given

not counting = not including 不算 （视为固定用法）
Considering … &nbsp;考虑到 …
Judging by … 从…判断

63. &nbsp;There are only ten apples left in the baskets, ______ the spoilt ones.
A. not counting &nbsp;B. not to count &nbsp; C. don&#39;t count &nbsp; D. having not counted

65. &quot;The man preparing the documents is the firm’s lawyer&quot; has all the following possible meanings EXCEPT
　　A. the man who has prepared the documents...
　　B. the man who has been preparing the documents...
　　C. the man who is preparing the documents...
　　D. the man who will prepare the documents...

非谓语动词 – 动名词 &nbsp;

62. &nbsp;The meeting was put off because we ______ a meeting without John.
A. &nbsp;objected having &nbsp; &nbsp; B. were objected to having
C. &nbsp;objected to have &nbsp; &nbsp; D. objected to having

object to &nbsp;中的 to 很容易被误认为是不定式的 to。
avoid &nbsp; appreciate &nbsp; admit &nbsp;permit &nbsp; deny &nbsp;forbid &nbsp; considr

61. &nbsp;What&#39;s the chance of ______ a general election this year?
A. there being &nbsp; &nbsp;B. there to be &nbsp; C. there be &nbsp; &nbsp; D there going to be

51. &nbsp;___ is not a serious disadvantage in life.
A. To be not tall &nbsp; &nbsp;B. Not to be tall &nbsp;C. Being not tall &nbsp;D. Not being tall 

51. What a nice day! How about the three of us _____ a walk in the park nearby?
　　A. to take B. take C. taking D. to be taking
65. _____ should not become a serious disadvantage in life and work.
&nbsp; A. To be not tall &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; B. Not being tall
&nbsp; C. Being not tall &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; D. Not to be tall

非谓语动词 – 不定式 &nbsp;

63. &nbsp;It is not uncommon for there ______ problems of communication between the old and the young.
A. being &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;B. would be &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;C. be &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;D. to be
&nbsp; &nbsp;
essential / important + for someone + there to do

58. &nbsp;The Minister of Finance is believed ______ of imposing new taxes to raise extra
A. that he is thinking &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;B. to be thinking
C. that he is to think &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;D. to think

46. AIDS is said _________ the number-one killer of both men and women over the past few years in that region.
A. being &nbsp; &nbsp;B. to be &nbsp; &nbsp; C. to have been &nbsp; D. having been

to have been 和 to have done 表示过去的动作

43. &nbsp;Professor Johnson is said ___some significant advance in his research in the past year.
A. having made &nbsp;B. making &nbsp; C. to have made &nbsp; D.to make

42. &nbsp;The three men tried many times to sneak across the border into the
neighbouring country, ___ by the police each time.
A. had been captured &nbsp; &nbsp;B. being always captured
C. only to be captured &nbsp; &nbsp; D. unfortunately captured 

&nbsp; &nbsp; only to do 放在句尾，表示“其结果反倒是…”的意思

55.Linda was _____ the experiment a month ago, but she changed her mind at the last minute.
A.&nbsp; to start&nbsp; B.to have started C.to be starting D.to have been starting

to be to do &nbsp;= &nbsp;to be going to &nbsp; &nbsp;was to do something 过去的计划
to be to have done 计划了，未做 was to have done… 计划了，未做

62. &quot;It seems that she was there at the conference.&quot; The sentence means that
　　A. she seems to be there at the conference.
　　B. she seemed to be there at the conference.
　　C. she seems to have been there at the conference.
　　D. she seemed to being there at the conference.

三、独立主格
&nbsp; 主语 &nbsp;+ doing / done, （没有助动词），从句与主句中的主语不一致。独立主格一般在日常生活语言中不使用。它过于书面化。

名词(代词) + 现在分词、过去分词；

51. &nbsp;Agriculture is the country&#39;s chief source of wealth, wheat ____ by far the biggest cereal crop.
A. is B. been &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;C. be &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; D. being

58. &nbsp;Time ____, the celebration will be held as scheduled.
A. permit &nbsp; &nbsp;B. permitting &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; C. permitted &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; D. permits

Work done, workers were all gone.
Leg hurt, I couldn’t go out these days.

45. &nbsp;There___ nothing more for discussion, the meeting came to an e nd half an hour earlier.
A. &nbsp;to be &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;B. to have been &nbsp; &nbsp; C. being &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;D. be

四、虚拟语气

非真实条件句 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 主句
&nbsp; were / had / did &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;would &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 现在时

&nbsp; someone had done &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; would have done &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;过去时
&nbsp; Had someone done

&nbsp; were to do &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;would &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 将来时
&nbsp; should do &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;
&nbsp; Were he to do …
&nbsp; Should he do …

52. If there were no subjunctive mood, English _____ much easier to learn.
　　A. could have been B. would be
　　C. will be D. would have been

52. Had Judy been more careful on the maths exam, she ____ much better results now.
　A. would be getting B. could have got C. must get D. would get

54. &nbsp;______ if I had arrived yesterday without letting you know beforehand?
A. Would you be surprised &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;B. Were you surprised
C. Had you been surprised &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; D. Would you have been surprised

51. If you explained the situation to your solicitor, he ________ able to advise
you much better than I can.
A. would be &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;B. will have been &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;C. was &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;D. were

63. ________ you _______ further problems with your printer, contact your dealer
for advice.
A. If, had &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; B. Have, had &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;C. Should, have &nbsp; &nbsp; D. In case, had

for fear that, in case, lest 引导目的状语从句，谓语动词可以使用should +动词原形。

49. &nbsp;All of us would have enjoyed the party much more if there___ quite such a crowd of people there.
&nbsp; &nbsp; A. weren’t &nbsp; &nbsp; B. hasn’t been &nbsp; &nbsp;C. hadn’t been &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;D. &nbsp;wouldn’t be

50. _______ for the fact that she broke her leg, she might have passed the exam.
A. Had it not been &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;B. Hadn’t it been
C. Was it not &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;D. Were it not
&nbsp;
43. If your car ____any attention during the first 12 months, take it to an authorized dealer.
&nbsp; [A] shall need &nbsp; &nbsp; [B] should need &nbsp;[C] would need &nbsp; [D] will need

54.If only the patient ______a different treatment instead of using the antibiotics, he might still be alive now.
A.had received B.received&nbsp; C.should receive&nbsp; D.were receiving

If only引导的是虚拟语气，与过去事实相反用had done，与现在事实相反，谓语动词用did，这里的主句虽然表示的是现在，但是if only表示的是过去发生的事情，要用过去完成时，所以这题的正确答案是A。=wish

52. If only I __play the guitar as well as you! &nbsp;　　A would B could C should D might

60. &nbsp;He would have finished his college education, but he ______ to quit and find a job to support his family.
A. had had &nbsp; &nbsp; B. has &nbsp; &nbsp; C. had &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;D. would have

无 had had to 的表达

51. “ What courses are you going to do next semester?”
“ I don’t know. But its about time ______ on something.”
A. I’d decide &nbsp; B. I decided &nbsp; C. I decide &nbsp; &nbsp;D. I’m deciding

49. &nbsp;If you have really been studying English for so long. &nbsp;It’s about time you ___ able to write letters in English.
A. should be &nbsp; &nbsp; B. were &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;C. must be &nbsp; &nbsp; D . are 

60. &nbsp;That was not the first time he ______ us. I think it&#39;s high time we _____ strong actions against him.
A. betrayed.. . take &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;B. had betrayed. . . took
C. has betrayed... took &nbsp; &nbsp; D. has betrayed... take

54 It&#39;s high time we __ cutting down the rainforests.
A stopped B had to stop C shall stop D stop

Adj.
It is important that something ( be / do 动词原型 美语) (should be / should do英语)
essential &nbsp;necessary &nbsp;imperative &nbsp;possible &nbsp; &nbsp;impossible &nbsp; urgent &nbsp; &nbsp;advisable
Verb
advise &nbsp; demand &nbsp; ask &nbsp; order &nbsp;require &nbsp;urge &nbsp; recommend &nbsp;suggest &nbsp;insist
Noun
advice &nbsp; arrangement &nbsp; &nbsp; decision &nbsp; &nbsp;order &nbsp;suggestion &nbsp; recommendation &nbsp;
&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;

59．It is imperative that the government __ more investment into the shipbuilding industry.
A attracts B shall attract C attract D has to

56. &nbsp;It is imperative that students ______ their term papers on time.
A. hand in &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; B. would hand in
C. have to hand in &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; D. handed in

57. &nbsp;The opening ceremony is a great occasion. It is essential _____ for that.
A. for us to be prepared &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;B. that we are prepared
C. of us to be prepared &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; D. our being prepared

65.It is absolutely essential that William________his study in spite of some learning difficulties.
A.will continue B.continued&nbsp; C.continue&nbsp; D.continues
60. It is necessary that he ____ the assignment without delay.
&nbsp; A. hand in &nbsp; &nbsp; B. hands in &nbsp; &nbsp; C. must hand in &nbsp; &nbsp;D. has to hand in

五、用作对过去的推测或责备的情态动词完成时与情态动词
推测句 &nbsp; &nbsp;Probability
must have done &nbsp; &nbsp; 肯定的推测句 &nbsp; （过去时） &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; must be doing &nbsp;（现在时）
couldn’t have done &nbsp;否定的推测句 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; can’t be doing
could have done &nbsp; &nbsp;would have done &nbsp; &nbsp;might have done &nbsp; should have done
均用于本应发生而未发生的状况

53. She _____ fifty or so when I first met her at a conference.
　　A. had been B. must be C. has been D. must have been

61. Aren’t you tired? I ____ you had done enough for today.
　　A. should have thought B. must have thought
　　C. might have thought D. could have thought

65. Which of the following sentences expresses &quot;probability&quot;?
　　A. You must leave immediately.
　　B. You must be feeling rather tired.
　　C. You must be here by eight o&#39;clock.
　　D. You must complete the reading assignment on time.
52. Nancy&#39;s gone to work but her car&#39;s still there. She ____ by bus.
&nbsp; A. must have gone &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;B. should have gone
&nbsp; C. ought to have gone &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;D. could have gone

53.“You ______ borrow my notes provided you take care of them,” I told my friend.
A.could B.should C.must&nbsp; D.can

provided 条件从句 = if, 从句中为一般现在时，判定主句也是一般现在时can。
Could也可以用于表示客气的语气，但不用在条件句中。

56. Loudspeakers were fixed in the hall so that everyone_C_ an opportunity to hear the speech.
A ought to have B must have ?C may have D should have

so that 引导的状语从句中，主句是过去时，
从句中用过去时 might / could /should。

57. I am surprised__ this city is a dull place to live in.
A that you should think B by what you are thinking C that you would think D with what you were thinking

should do 表示惊讶，奇怪，欢欣等。
It is strange that he should win the game.
He was disappointed that she should love a boy three years younger than she.
amazing &nbsp; strange &nbsp; &nbsp;odd &nbsp; ridiculous &nbsp; surprising &nbsp; unthinkable &nbsp;

48. &nbsp;He ___ unwisely, but he was at least trying to do something helpful.
A. may have acted &nbsp; &nbsp;B. must have actedC. should act &nbsp;D. would act

57. I went there in 1984, and that was the only occasion when I ________ the
journey in exactly two days.
A. must take &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;B. must have made
C. was able to make &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;D. could make

48. You ______ Jim anything about it. It was none of his business.
A. needn’t have told &nbsp;B. needn’t tell &nbsp; C. mustn’t have told &nbsp;D. mustn’t tell

52. You ____ Mark anything. It was none of his business.
&nbsp; [A] needn’t have told &nbsp;[B] needn&#39;t tell &nbsp; [C] mustn&#39;t have told &nbsp;[D] mustn&#39;t tell

六、句法搭配：

54. _____ the boss says, it is unreasonable to ask me to work overtime without pay.
　　A. Whatever B. Whenever C. Whichever D. However

41. &nbsp;After ___ seemed an endless wait, it was her turn to enter the personnel
manager’s office.
A. that &nbsp; &nbsp; B. what &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; C. there &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; D. &nbsp;it
54. After____ seemed an endless wait, it was his turn to enter the personnel manager&#39;s office.
&nbsp; A. that &nbsp; &nbsp; B. it &nbsp; &nbsp; C. what &nbsp; &nbsp; D. there

62. Quality is ____ counts most.
　　A. which B. that C. what D. where

50. &nbsp;He’s ___ as a “bellyacher” — he’s always complaining about something.
A. who is known &nbsp; B. whom is knownC. what is known &nbsp;D. which is known

47. &nbsp;She managed to save ______ she could out of her wages to help her brother.
A. how little money &nbsp; &nbsp; B. so little money
C. such little money &nbsp; &nbsp; D. what little money

3so+many/few+可数名词复数，但such+其他形容词＋可数名词复数
4so+much/little+不可数名词，但such+其他形容词＋不可数名词

53. &nbsp;The government has promised to do ______ lies in its power to ease the hardships of the victims in the flood-stricken area.
A. however B. whichever &nbsp; C. whatever &nbsp; D. wherever

64. In &quot;How much do you think he earns?&quot; how much is ______ of the sentence.
　　A. the subject B. the adverbial
　　C. the object D. the complement

57.It is not ______much the language as the background that makes the book difficult to understand.
A.that&nbsp; ?B.as&nbsp; &nbsp; C.so&nbsp; &nbsp; D.very

not so much ..as与其说,不如说..
not as much … as … &nbsp;not so much as / not so much … as …与其说…还不如说…

51. That trumpet player was certainly loud. But I wasn&#39;t bothered by his loudness _____ by his lack of talent.
A. so much as &nbsp; &nbsp;B. rather than &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;C. as &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; D. than

48. &nbsp;He was___to tell the truth even to his closest friend.
A. too much of a coward &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;B. too much the coward
C. a coward enough &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;D. enough of a coward

He is too much of … to do somethiong 太…而不能…

62.Overpopulation poses a terrible threat to the human race.Yet it is probably ________a threat to the human race than enviromental destruction.
A.no more&nbsp; B.not more&nbsp; C.even more&nbsp; D.much more

not more ...than的意思就是与其说是A,不如说</p>