2018春人教版初中英语8年级下册-Unit-7-What's-the-highest-mountain-in-the-world？单元教案.doc

Unit 7 What’s the highest mountain in the world?
教学目标：
1语言目标：掌握本单元重点词汇及能用比较级和最高级谈论各之最。
2 技能目标：能听懂和谈论有关地理和自然的话题。
3 情感目标：培养学生热爱大自然，保护环境的意识。
教学重点：
短语: in size, in the world, 2 meters tall/long/wide, the biggest population, one of the biggest, the most popular question, talk about, the ancient emperors, the main reason, as far as I know, no man-made objects, mountain climbing, the southwestern part of China, thick clouds, cover the top, risk one’s life, challenge oneself, achieve one’s dream，the forest of nature, try to do sth., the spirit of the climbers, many times more than ,live up to, prepare …for.., be awake, be special to sb., spend some time doing sth., in the remaining forest, endangered animals, in the future…
句子:
What’s the highest mountain in the world?
Qomolangma.
How long is Qomolangma?
It’s 8,844.43 meters high. It’s higher than any other mountain.
Which is the deepest salt lake in the world?
The Caspian Sea is the deepest of all the salt lake.
Did you know that China is one of the oldest countries in the world?
Yes, I did. It’s much older than the US.
教学难点：形容词和副词的比较级和最高级变化规则和用法。
物体之间的对比。
课时划分：
Period 1 Section A 1 1a – 2d
Period 2 Section A 2 3a-3c
Period 3 Section A 3 Grammar Focus-4c
Period 4 Section B 1 1a-2e
Period 5 Section B 2 3a-Self check

Section A 1 (1a – 2d)
Step 1 Presentation
square n. 平方 meter n. 米 deep adj. 深的
desert n. 沙漠 population n. 人口 population n. 人口
Asia n. 亚洲 tour v. n. 旅行 tourist n. 旅行者
wall n. 墙 amazing adj. 令人大为惊奇的
ancient adj. 古代的 wide adj. 宽的；宽阔和
Step 2 Warming-up
1. Watch the photos and talk about them “How big/high/long/big is …?’ and help the students to answer: It’s …meters/kilometers/cm big/high/long/big.
2. Look these photos and practice the dialogue:
e.g. A: How high is Qomolangma?
B: It’s 8,844 meters high.
Step 3 1a Match the facts you know.
Practice in pairs using the information in 1a.
Qomolangma
about 9,600,000 square kilometers in size
The Sahara
1,025 meters deep
The Caspian Sea
6,671 kilometers long
The Nile
8,844.43 meters high
Step 4 Explaination
…8,844 meters high. 8,844米高
… meters high (long, wide…)
……米高（长,宽……)。
英语表示“有多长（宽，高……）”时，一般将数词和数量单位放在表示长宽高的形容词前作状语。
e.g. The wall is 1.7 metres wide.
Step 5 Listening
1. 1b Listen and complete the sentences.
1) Qomolangma is ______ than any other mountain in the world.
2) The Sahara is ____________ desert in the world.
3) The Caspian Sea is ____________ of all the salt lakes.
4) The Nile is _________ river in the world.
2. 2a Listen and number the facts(1- 4) in the order you hear them.
2b Listen again and fill in the blanks in 2a with the numbers in the box.
6,300 5,000 5,464 300
___ The Yangtze River is about ____ kilometers long and the Yellow River is ___ kilometers long.
___ China has the biggest population in the world. It’s a lot bigger than the population of the US.
___ China is over ___ years old. It has a much longer history than the US. The US is not even ___ years old.
___ China is almost as big as the US, but it is the biggest country in Asia.
Step 6 Practice
1c Make conversations in pairs.
Examples
A: Did you know that China if one of the oldest countries in the world?
B: Yes, I did. It’s much older than my country.
Step 7 2d Read the conversation and answer the questions:
1) Which is the biggest man-made objects in the world？
2) Which is the most famous part of the Ming Great Wall?
Step 8 Language points and summary
1. Fell free to ask me anything on today’s Great Wall tour.
在今天的长城游中，大家尽管问我任何问题，不要拘束。
fell free是英语口语中一个常用表达。若有人让你feel free to do something, 就是让你无需拘束，只管按照自己的意愿去做某事。
e.g. A: Can I use your bathroom? 我可以用一下你的卫生间吗？
B: Yes, feel free. 可以，请随意。
2. As far as I know, there are no man-made objects as big as this.
据我所知，再没有像它这样大的人造物体了。
as far as I know是一个固定的表达方式，还可以说so far as I know, 意思是“据我所知”。
e.g. As far as I know, Jack’s got twin sisters.
就我所知，杰克有一对孪生姐妹。
They’re not coming today, so far as I know.
他们今天不来了– 就我所知是这样的。
Step 9 Homework
A: To memorize the important phrases and sentences.
B: to make some dialogues about asking the size of objects.

Section A 2 (3a – 3c)
Step 1 Revision
Look at the photos. Answer the following questions.
Which is the highest mountain in the world?
Which is the longest river in Asia? …
Step 2 Learn the new words.
1. achievement n. 成就；成绩
e.g. We felt a great sense of achievement when we reached the top of the
mountain. 当我们到达山顶的时候，我们有一种巨大的成就感。
2. achieve v. 达到；完成；成功
e.g. He will never achieve anything if he doesn’t work harder.
如果他不加紧努力工作，他会一事无成。
3. southwestern adj. 西南的；西南方向的
e.g. Is this Southwestern Airline? 这是西南航空公司吗？
4. include v. 包含；包括
e.g. Her hobbies include swimming and gardening. 她爱好游泳和园艺。
5. condition n. 条件；状况
e.g. The piano was in good condition. 这台钢琴状况良好。
6. take in 吸入；容纳
e.g. Fish take in oxygen through their gills. 鱼用鳃吸氧气。
7. succeed v. 实现目标；成功
e.g. If you try hard you’ll succeed. 你如果努力就会成功。
常用短语：succeed in doing sth.
e.g. Police have finally succeeded in solving the mystery. 警察最终成功破解了这个疑案。
8. challenge v. & n. 挑战；考验
e.g. The job doesn’t really challenge him. 这项工作不能真正的考验他。
The new government’s first challenge is the economy.
新政府面临的第一个挑战是经济问题。
9. in the face of 面对（困难、问题等）
e.g. In the face of difficulties, he’s completely unafraid.
他在困难面前毫不胆怯。
10. force n. 力；力量
e.g. The thief took the money from the old man by force.
窃贼用暴力抢了老人的钱。
Step 3 Pre-Read Talk below questions in pairs.
What do you know about Qomolangma ?
Is Qomolangma the most dangerous mountain in the world？
Step 4 Reading
自读文章，在书中划出重点、疑点后，翻译下列短语。先独立完成，后小组商议。
1.最危险的山峰     
2.世界上最危险的运动之一
3.登山（名词短语）/（动词短语）
4.来自世界各地的登山者
5.横亘于中国的西南边界
6.在所有的山峰中
7.厚厚的云层
8.更为严重的困难
9.寒冷的天气状况和强劲的暴风雪
10.首次到达珠穆朗玛峰顶的人
Answers: 1. the most dangerous mountain 2. one of the world’s most dangerous sports 3. mountain climbing/climb mountains
4. the climbers from all over the world 5. run along the southwestern part of China 6. of all the mountains 7. thick clouds 8. more serious difficulties
9. freezing weather conditions and heavy storms 10. the first people to reach the top of Qomolangma
3a Read the article and match each paragraph with the main ideas.
Paragraph 1 spirit of climbers
Paragraph 2 achievements of climbers
Paragraph 3 facts and dangers
According to the passage, fill in the blanks.
One of the most ___________ sports in the world is mountain _________, and one of the most _________ places to go for this is the Himalayas. These extremely high _______ attract _________ from all over the world. Many people say this is one of the most ________ parts of the world. The Himalayas _______ along the ____________ border of china. Of all the peaks (tops), Qomolangma is the _________ and most _________. It’s _____________ to climb Qomolangma because thick clouds _______ the top of the mountain. Even more serious ___________ include the freezing ___________ conditions and the _______ storms. The first _________ to reach the top of Qomolangma – Tenzing Norgay and Edmund Hillary – did it in 1953. The first Chinese climber __________ the top in 1960, and in 1975, the first __________ did it too.
Answers: dangerous, climbing, popular, risk, climbers, famous, runs, southwestern, highest, famous, the hardest, cover, difficulties, weather, heavy, people, reached, woman
Read the article again, and answer the following questions.
1. What a mountain is Himalayas?
It’s one of the most popular places for mountain climbing.
2. Why is it dangerous to climb Qomolangma?
Because thick clouds cover the top and snow can fall very hard.
3. When did the first Chinese reach the top of Qomolangma?
In 1960.
3b. Read the article again and complete the chart.
Paragraph 1
Paragraph 2
Paragraph 3
List tour dangers for climbers.
List three achievements
List tour comparisons
thick clouds
1953—Tenzing Norgay and Edmund Hillary were the first to reach the top
Most dangerous sport
snow can fall very hard

freezing weather
conditions

heavy storms
The first Chinese team reached the top in 1960.
The first woman to succeed was Junko Tabei from Japan in 1975.
People can challenge themselves in the face of difficulties.
Never give up trying to achieve our dream.
Humans can be stronger than the forces of nature.

3c Answer the questions using information in the article.
1. Where are the Himalayas? In the southwestern part of China.
2. How high is Qomolangma? 8,844.43 meters high.
3. Why do so many people try to climb this mountain even though it is dangerous?
Because people want to challenge themselves in the face of difficulties.
4. What does the spirit of the climbers tell us?
We should never give up trying to achieve our dreams.
Step 5 Language points
1. One of the world’s most dangerous sports is mountain climbing, …
“one of + the + 形容词的最高级 + 复数名词”，意为“最……之一”。如：
Miss Wang is one of the most popular teachers in our school.
王老师是我们学校最受欢迎的老师之一。
2. It is also very hard to take in air as you get near the top.
It is + adj. + to do sth.， it作形式主语放在句首，而把真正的主语放在句尾。常用于此句型的形容词有important， difficult， dangerous， necessary， useful， possible等，用来对to do sth. 进行说明。此句型可以转换成To do sth. is + adj.。
e.g. It is important to study English well. 学好英语很困难。
It’s very difficult to climb Qomolangma. 攀登珠穆朗玛峰很难。
3. Even more serious difficulties include freezing weather conditions and heavy storms.
difficulty 既可作可数名词也可作不可数名词。作可数名词时通常用复数，表示具体概念，即：各式各样的 “困难，难题，难事”，如：
He’s having financial difficulties.
他正手头拮据。
作不可数名词时，译作“困难，艰难，幸苦”，如：
She had great difficulty in understanding him. 她很难理解他说的话。
4. The spirit of these climbers shows us that we should never give up trying to achieve our dreams.
give up 意为“放弃”，后面可以接名词、代词或v-ing形式作宾语。
注意：如果其宾语是名词，那么名词可以放在 give 和 up 之间，也可以放在 up
之后；如果其宾语是代词，那么代词只能放在 give 和 up 之间。如：
My uncle wants to give up drinking wine. 我叔叔想戒酒。
Although English isn’t easy to learn, I won’t give it up.
虽然英语不易学，但我不会放弃。
5. Why do so many people try to climb this mountain even though it is dangerous?
even though 用作从属连词，意为“即使；尽管”，相当于even if，引导让步状语从句，一般不与并列连词but连用。如：
Mr. Wang will come on time even though it rains.
尽管下雨，但王老师会按时来。
Step 6 Exercise
To make sentences using the information in the forms.
the Nile
the Yangtze River
the Yellow River
6,670
6,300
5,500

The Yellow River is long.
The Yangtze River is a lot _______ than the Yellow River.
The Nile is ______________ of all.
The Yangtze River is not ____ long ____ the Nile.
= The Yangtze River is not _______ than the Nile.
Answers: longer, the longest, as as, longer
Qomolangma
Mount Huang
Mount Tai
8,848
1,864
1,545

Mount Tai is high.
Mount Huang is a little _______ than Mount Tai.
Qomolangma is _____________ of all.
Mount Tai is not ___ high ___ Qomolangma.
= Mount Tai is not _______ than Qomolangma.
Answers: higher, the highest, as as, higher
Singapore
Malaysia
China
4,000,000
20,000,000
1300,000,000

1. The population of Singapore is large.
2. The population of Malaysia is much ______ than that of Singapore.
3. The population of China is _________ of all.
4. The population of Singapore is not _____ large ____ that of China.
5. The population of Singapore is not _______ than that of China.
Answers: larger, the largest, as as, larger
Step 7 Homework
Retell the article, and then preview the Grammar focus.

Section A 3 (Grammar focus — 4c)
Grammar focus
— What’s the highest mountain in the world?
— Qomolangma.
— How high is Qomolangma?
— It’s 8,844.43 meters high. It’s higher than any other mountain.
— Which is the deepest salt lake in the world?
— The Caspian Sea is the deepest of all the salt lakes.
— Did you know that China is one of the oldest countries in the world?
— Yes, I did. It’s much older than the US.
Step 1 Grammar
形容词和副词比较级和最高级变化规则
1. 规则变化
1) 一般情况下，单音节或双音节的形容词（或副词）比较级＋er ， 最高级＋est
如： clever－cleverer－cleverest
few－fewer－fewest
small－smaller－smallest等。
2) 以e结尾的词，比较级＋r，最高级＋st 即可。 如：
nice－nicer－nicest cute－cuter－cutest large－larger－largest
3) 以辅音字母＋y结尾的变y为i＋er或est。如:
easy－easier－easiest
happy－happier－happiest
再如：early, busy, heavy, dirty, lazy也如此。
少数单音节词也是这样，如：
pleased－more pleased－the most pleased
tired－more tired－the most tired
2. 不规则变化：
good —better — best well —better — best
bad－worse － worst
many / much — more — most
far — farther —farthest (距离远)
far — further — furthest (程度深)
old — elder — eldest (长幼)
old — older —oldest (年龄)
Step 2 中考链接
1. 比较级考点
① 比较级修饰问题
a little, a bit, even, still, much, a lot, far 等可修饰比较级。
e.g. Tom is a little taller than Jim.
This book is much more interesting than that one.
② 同级比较
e.g. The weather in Beijing is colder than that in Xi’an.
Our school is bigger than yours.
③ the + 比较级
e.g. Lucy is the fatter of the two girls.
④ “a/an + 比较级” 表示“又一，再一”
e.g. Lily has a doll, but she wants a bigger one.
⑤ 隐性比较（没有than的情况）
e.g. Who runs faster, Lucy or Lily?
You’d better come earlier next time.
He worked hard last term, but he works even harder this term.
⑥ 越来越......
a. 比较级 + and + 比较级
b. the + 比较级 + 句子，the + 比较级 + 句子
a. e.g. It’s getting colder and colder.
b. The more you exercise, the better you are.
2. 最高级考点
说明：形容词的最高级前必须加the; 副词的最高级前省略the。
① 范围问题
e.g. Tom is the tallest student in the class.
Spring is the best season of the year.
② “......之一”问题
e.g. Beijing is one of the biggest cities in the world.
③ “the + 序数词 + 最高级”
e.g. I think he is the second tallest boy in his class.
3. 比较级和最高级的转换
e.g. Tom is the tallest student in the class.
   = Tom is taller than any other student in the class.
   = Tom is taller than all the other students in the class.
   = No other students are taller than Tom.
2. 同级比较
① as + adj./adv. + as
e.g. She is as thin as Lily.
He writes as carefully as Linda.
② not + as/so + adj./adv. + as
e.g. Tony didn't run so fast as Carter
学以致用
1. Our family has bought a car so we can travel _____ than before.
A. most easily    B. less easily   
C. easily    D. more easily  
2. My father told me a story last night. It is ____ one I’ve ever heard.
A. the funniest    B. funniest   
C. funnier    D. the funnier   
3. The _____ friends you have, the ____ you will be.  
A. more, happy    B. many, happy   
C. more, happier   D. many, happier
4. When he heard a cry for help, he ran out as _______ as he could.
A. hardly       B. quickly      
C. finally       D. slowly
5. This place is not big enough for Lucy’s birthday party. We should find a _____ one.
A. big               B. small         
C. bigger             D. small