新世纪大学英语综合教程2课后习题答案上(新版).doc

Unit One
Living in Harmony
Enhance Your Language Awareness
Words in Action
▆ Working with Words and Expressions
1. In the boxes below are some of the words you have learned in this unit. Complete the following sentences with them. Change the form where necessary.

▆ Answers:
1) bunch
2) amazed
3) shift
4) bundle
5) drop
6) capacity
7) participating
8) style
9) commerce
10) rob
11) symbol
12) appreciated
13) displayed
14) slip
15) conquer
16) roast
17) figured

2. In the box below are some of the expressions you have learned in this unit. Do you understand their meanings? Do you know how to use them in the proper context? Now check for yourself by doing the blank-filling exercise. Change the form where necessary.

▆ Answers:
1) in rich contrast to
2) are exposed to
3) risked his life
4) rely on
5) at knife-point
6) stands out
7) runs contrary to
8) flag down
9) picks/picked up
10) took a gamble on
11) pulled away
12) pulled over

▆ Increasing Your Word Power

1. Collocations
Look at the adverbs listed in the box below, and decide which adverb is needed to collocate with the verb in each sentence. Fill the correct adverb into the blank in the sentence. The same word may be used in more than one sentence. Consult a dictionary if necessary.
▆ Answers:
1) out
2) over
3) back
4) down
5) over
6) up
7) out
8) back
9) down
10) out
11) up
12) over
13) back
14) out
15) down
16) over

2. Study the different meanings of the word “than” in the following sentences.
▆ Answers for Reference:
1) Action speaks louder than words.
2) Production here needs temperatures lower than 25 degrees Celsius.
3) I like to keep things rather than throw them away.
4) There is nobody here other than me.
5) She’d rather leave her job than (be forced to) work for that boss.

3. Word Building
Now choose the Chinese meaning from Column B that matches each italicized word in Column A. You may consult a dictionary if necessary.
▆ Answers:
1) d.
2) k
3) n
4) j
5) a
6) g
7) f
8) b
9) o
10) m
11) p
12) e
13) c
14) h
15) i
16) l

Grammar in Context

1. The –ing form and the infinitive form of the verb
Task: Choose either the infinitive form or the –ing form of the verb in the brackets to complete each of the following sentences.
▆ Answers:
1) preparing
2) to thank
3) repairing / to be repaired
4) to get
5) studying
6) being treated
7) missing
8) to reduce
9) to leave
10) worrying

2. The –ed form and the –ing form of the verb
Study the following sentences that appear in this unit, paying special attention to the –ed form and –ing form of the verb. Reflect on its grammatical function in each sentence.
Task：Complete the following sentences by translating the Chinese in the brackets into English, paying attention to the use of the -ing form and the -ed form of verbs.
▆ Answers:
1) kept nodding, rather confused
2) Fallen leaves
3) surprised, hiding
4) Deeply moved
5) following
6) Being, interested
7) located
8) reading

Cloze
▆ Complete the following passage with words chosen from Text A. The initial letter of each is given.
▆ Answers:
1) relying
2) intrigued
3) penny
4) for
5) covered
6) treated
7) amazed
8) contrary
9) generally
10) whatever
11) invited
12) attentive
13) where

Translation
▆ Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in brackets.
▆ Answers for Reference:
1) The rumor about his divorce is just a ploy to gain publicity for his new film.
2) He took a gamble on starting a factory with all the money his parents had left him.
3) After winning the important game they hoisted their captain to their shoulders in shouting triumph.
4) In the rush to go for globalization, we should watch out for collision of cultures.
5) In the circumstances it was not surprising that there was trouble.
6) The baby is the very picture of health.
7) People have realized the dangers of exposing children to violence and sex on TV.
8) We always had in mind for whom we were making the film.

Theme-Related Writing
▆ Choose one of the following writing tasks and complete it after class.
1) Write an essay (of about 250 words) about a memorable experience in which you helped a stranger or were helped by him or her.
2) Write an essay (of about 150 words) about human relationships in our society. The following hints might serve as a guide:
a. The problems existing in the relationships between people in our society.
b. The negative results such problems may bring about to our society.
c. What can you do to help establish a harmonious society as a student?

▆Sample Essay for Task 1:

One weekend morning, while walking on a bustling street with a light heart, I was suddenly overtaken by a startling moan. Turning around, I discovered the sound was coming from a black mass in a corner. “What’s that?” My heart pounded heavily. I went up and saw a human being, alive but in a dreadful state. He was crouching on the ground with deformed hands and legs, mumbling something. He had obviously lost the normal ability to move and work. A dirty plate was placed in front the miserable-looking man, in which there were some coins and small notes.
As my eyes were drifting away from him, his eyes caught mine suddenly. What eyes they were! Filled with misery and expectation, they were looking straight at me. He was unable to speak, but I seemed to hear his pleading voice and read his despairing mind. His look seemed to be telling me about his hard life and his longing for help. For a while, I was at a loss what to do. Should I drop some coins in the plate like some other passers-by or turn away in indifference? I recalled news reports about men pretending to be beggars, who were actually healthy and able to work. Could this be another one of those scams? But the beggar was there, groaning and living. Then something seemed to hit me hard. I drew a five-yuan note from my pocket, dropped it in his dirty plate and walked away quickly in silence.
“No good deed is too small.” Maybe we need to bear this saying in mind.

▆Sample Essay for Task 2:
We are living in a world of distrust. We live behind cold security bars; we do not talk to strangers, let alone go out of our way to help them; we live in fear of fake products. In short, fear and feelings of insecurity fill the environment we live in.
All this greatly harms our society. Growing up in such an environment, we tend to feel isolated and care only about ourselves. If things go on like this, ‘trust’, ‘teamwork’, and ‘harmony’ will eventually become terms unheard of.
In my opinion, trusting others and being trustworthy are the two basic principles that we should follow if we want to improve human relationships. We may not be in a position to change others, but we can change the way others see us by winning their trust in us. Mutual understanding and love are the pillars that support a harmonious society. Unit Two
Optimism and Positive Thinking
Enhance Your Language Awareness
Words in Action
▆ Working with Words and Expressions

3. In the box below are some of the words you have learned in this unit. Complete the following sentences with them. Change the form where necessary.

▆ Answers:
18) positive
19) startled
20) perspective
21) harden
22) shape
23) address
24) crises
25) curse
26) incredible
27) conversely
28) issue
29) response
30) prior
31) rare
32) accomplish

4. In the box below are some of the expressions you have learned in this unit. Do you understand their meanings? Do you know how to use them in the proper context? Now check for yourself by doing the blank-filling exercise. Change the form where necessary.

▆ Answers:
1) get the hang of
2) have lived through
3) makes a difference
4) have no idea
5) concerned with
6) slipped over
7) ran into
8) in reverse
9) mull over

▆ Increasing Your Word Power

1. Decide whether “do”, “make” or “take” is needed to complete each of the following sentences. Change the verb form where necessary.

▆ Answers:
1) does
2) make
3) take
4) do
5) make
6) Take
7) done
8) taken
9) making
10) took

2. In each of the following sentences you are given two confusable words or expressions in brackets. Choose the appropriate one to fill in the blank. You may consult a dictionary if necessary.

▆ Answers:
1) concerned
2) Concerning
3) reject
4) declined
5) unconscious
6) subconscious
7) former
8) preceding
9) raise
10) rise

3. Now match each of the English word in Column A with its Chinese equivalent in Column B. You may consult a dictionary if necessary.

▆ Answers:
1) d
2) j
3) k
4) a
5) b
6) h
7) c
8) f
9) l
10) e
11) g
12) i

GRAMMAR IN CONTEXT

Task 1: When it is used as a conjunction, “as” can mean “when / while”, “though / although”, “since / because”, “in the way / manner that”, etc., and it can also be used in a comparative structure. Study the following sentences and explain the meaning of “as” in each sentence.

▆ Answers for reference:
1) in the way /manner that
2) though / although
3) when
4) since
5) used in a comparison
6) though
7) while
8) in the way that

Task 2: Complete the following sentences after the example by translating the Chinese into English, using “as” as a relative pronoun.

▆ Answers for reference:
1) as you describe / have described / described
2) as concern every one of us
3) As is well known
4) As we all can see
5) as you show / as you have shown for your teacher
6) As is reported / announced in today’s papers

Cloze

Complete the following passage with words chosen from this unit. The initial letter of each is given.

▆ Answers:
1) perspective
2) despair
3) necessity
4) perform
5) Conversely
6) prophecy
7) where
8) as
9) achieve
10) recognize
11) dealt with
12) attitude
13) channels
14) concerned

Translation

Translate the following sentences into English, using the words and expressions given in brackets.

▆ Answers for reference:

1) Only those who have lived through a similar experience can fully appreciate this. / The only people who can fully appreciate this are those who have lived through a similar experience.
2) Scientists have been hard pressed to figure out how these particles form/ are formed and interact (with one another).
3) Those who have got the hang of Rubik’s Cube (Magic Cube) can return each face to consisting of one colour in no time.
4) The individual success of the employees in a team environment results in success for the company.
5) The war, although successful in military terms, left the economy almost in ruins.
6) He decided to channel his energies into something useful, instead of being glued to / sitting in front of the TV set all day long.
7) There’s a difference between strength and courage. It takes strength to survive. It takes courage to live.
8) She was by nature a very affectionate person, always ready to give a helping hand to others.

Theme-Related Writing

Do either of the following two writing tasks. You may draw on some useful ideas and expressions from a variety of sources, such as the two texts in this unit or the Internet.

1) Having read the two passages in this unit, you may have come to a better understanding of life and the times when pessimistic and optimistic thoughts take turns to affect your behaviour. Write a letter of encouragement (of about 150 words) to one of your high school friends who failed in the college entrance examination. Tell him or her about your new understanding of the need to remain optimistic.
2) The writers of the two texts in this unit convey to us the message that we need to look at the positive side of anything that comes to us and that we need to take an optimistic and positive attitude toward life. Write an essay (of about 150 words) to share your ideas with your classmates. The following hints may be of some help:
a. What is meant by “thinking positively”?
b. What is the connection between success and optimism?
c. How can we keep an optimistic and positive attitude?

▆ Sample Letter for Task 1:
Dear Weihua,
I know you are still feeling upset about your results in the college entrance examination. I’ve just read an article about how pessimistic and optimistic thoughts can affect our behaviour and I’m now sending you a copy, hoping that it will help you step out of the shadows.
Naturally, failing the college entrance examination can be very depressing, yet if you continue to dwell on the past, you will never be able to pick yourself up and focus on what is more important for now and the future. Life is full of trials and anyone may suffer setbacks. We must take an optimistic attitude towards the things we have to deal with. Optimism and positive thinking are powerful forces. Good things do come true if we picture them often. Please do have confidence in your potential. Just work hard and prepare for another chance.
You will make it.
Yours,
Janet
(152 words)

▇ Answers for Reference:
1.A 2. B 3. D 4. C

▆ Answers:
1. Though Michael Jordan is a great player, he still has to cooperate well with his team members to win a game. Because every member of his team has a very specific role, every member of the team is vital to the success of the team.
2. In the workplace, it is important to be regarded as a team player, for no one person can build a railroad or manage an airline. Success in school can also rely on teamwork.
3. Being social creatures, we can’t escape having to be team players.

Script:
Be a Team Player
If you really wish to succeed in life, it is very important to be a team player. For example, in a basketball game, Michael Jordan is a great player, but he still has to cooperate well with his team members to win a game, because every member of his team has a very specific role and every member of the team is vital to the success of the team. If one player does not play well, the team will lose the game.
Of course, the concept of teamwork applies to more than just sports. In the workplace and in school, working together is also an important element for success. In the workplace, it is important to be thought of as a team player, for no one person can build a railroad or manage an airline. In today’s world most companies are using team concepts to run their business.
Success in college can also depend on teamwork. Lab work and group projects are just some of the experiences requiring good cooperation with others.
Human beings are social creatures. Like it or not, we are all team players.

Unit Three
The Road to Success
Enhance