2019年上海高三英语一模考试11选10题汇编(word包含答案).doc

2019 年上海高三英语一模考试 11选10题汇编（word包含答案）
备战2020上海高考
2019 年上海高三英语一模考试 11选10题汇编

（2019宝山二模）Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in each blank with a proper word given in the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one more word than you need.
A. accessing B. nonessential C. apparent D. technology E. assigned F. contact
G. particularly H. addiction I. associated J. automatically K. contributing
When was the last time that you dialed a phone number from memory? It probably depends on how long you've been using 31 like a cellphone. While some generations can recall the days of memorizing phone numbers, it's possible that members of Generation Z have never had to remember a single 32 . Why is this? Because smartphones offer quick and convenient ways for storing and 33 information. There is no need to memorize anything. But this isn't without consequence. As digital devices develop, more and more users' heavy reliance on them may be having disabling effects. "Digital dementia (失智)" is the term being used by medical professionals to identify some of these effects.
Some professionals like Jim Kwik, an expert in memory improvement and optimal brain performance, are taking a closer look at this effect. Kwik describes digital dementia like this: "... we're 34 our brains to our smart devices. We're so reliant on our smartphones that our smartphones are making us stupid. As medical studies chart the decline in memory and cognitive skills among smartphone users, a connection is made between symptoms 35 with dementia."
The seriousness of overuse becomes 36 when you consider just how young smartphone users are becoming. Author and speaker Simon Sinek points out that young minds "Are not ready for it! Their minds cannot cope with the dopamine (多巴胺). " Consequently, the overstimulation of screens and sounds lead to 37 more often than not. So now parents, teachers and managers are asking how to handle the influx (汇集) of young people with this kind of addiction.
l First, monitor your cellphone use. Keep downloading applications like Forest or Checky. Then cut back on any 38 usage. Set a specific goal of how much you think you should use your phone.
l Determine 39 areas for cellphone use. For example, while you're at home, only allow yourself to check your phone somewhere like a home office. This way, the time in between tasks isn't 40 filled with staring at your screen.
（2019崇明二模）Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in each blank with a proper word given in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.
A. sign
B. wreck
C. scheduled
D. inappropriate
E. exact
F. initiative
G. tragedy
H. repeat
I. categorized
J. accommodated
K. unclear

Titanic II Could Sail as Soon as 2022
If you thought the long-delayed project to launch a full-size copy of the ill-fated Royal Mail Ship Titanic was sunk in the water—think again. Just like Celine Dion sang back in 1997, the travel project will “go on and on.”
Australian businessman and politician Clive Palmer, who is behind the 31 , announced in September that work on the ship had started again. The idea was first floated in 2012. It is said that the new ship will be a(n) 32 copy of the infamous ship, which sank in 1912 following a crash with an iceberg (冰山).
To avoid a(n) 33 disaster, Titanic II will apparently be equipped with plenty of life boats, modern navigation (导航) and radar equipment. The first voyage, however, will take passengers from Dubai to New York, reports CruiseArabia, with the first sailing 34 to take place in 2022. Blue Star Line says the nine-decked ship will be home to 835 cabins, and 2,435 passengers will be 35 . You’ll be able to buy first-second- and third-class tickets—just like in the original.
Meanwhile tourists with plenty of money might soon have the chance to dive to the 36 of the original Titanic. American company OceanGate has planned diving trips for 2019, costing $105,129 per person.
Of course, the original Titanic voyage ended in 37 , with over 1,500 people losing their lives. For many, voyages to the original ship are in bad taste. Steve Sims, founder of The Bluefish, said earlier in 2018 that he doesn’t see diving to the original one as 38 .
Realistically, it’s 39 whether Titanic II will ever see the light of day—or whether the diving tours will happen soon. But one thing is for certain, more than 100 years after the Titanic’s first and only voyage, global interest in this ship shows no 40 of slowing down.
（2019虹口二模）Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.
A. scale
B. engaged
C. disastrous
D. hotspots
E. target
F. victim
G. interwoven
H. inevitable
I. continuous
J. resolve
K. risky

Why Bike Theft Is Not Taken Seriously?
For many people a bicycle is the only transport they can afford and it is very convenient for them to use. Therefore, the impact of the loss of their bike can be __31__. But why is cycle theft so often seen as a minor crime?
According to the police, 96,210 bikes were stolen in 2018, and about one in 50 bicycle-owning households fall __32__ to cycle theft each year. Those who can afford a second bike might have a “beater”, a cheap bike they leave in __33__ areas, and can afford to lose — but those who cannot make both ends meet, and live below the poverty line will find themselves cornered by bike theft.
According to a survey for Bike Register, 50% of victims felt police didn’t investigate the crime, while those __34__ in cycle theft see it as low risk in terms of being caught. Police recover just 3% of stolen bikes. In fact, the problem is almost certainly much greater: People often don’t report it thinking there’s nothing the police can do, so the full __35__ of the problem remains hidden.
Cycle crime hotspots were identified as Cambridge, Oxford, Southampton, Bristol, etc. Most cycle thefts occur near or in people’s homes, but thieves also __36__ transport hubs (中心，枢纽) and university campuses. In the meantime, the police have come up with a way to __37__ the issue. Training 23 officers in regional cycle crime taskforces is part of a national cycle crime strategy, __38__ with measures like education on safe locking techniques, working with websites where more than half of stolen bikes are sold, and identifying cycle theft __39__ and priorities.
If a bike is stolen, there is about a 20% chance the victim will not replace it, losing their transport, exercise, and potential access to local communities and service. It is widely accepted that police’s __40__ effort is fundamental to a drop in cycle theft.

（2019黄浦二模）Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box.
A. processed B. increasing C. applications D. typing E. interpreting F. reflected
G. injected H. transforming I. connections J. remarkable K. superhuman
The Next frontier: Using Thought to Control Machines
Technologies are often billed as transformative. For William Kochevar, the term is justified. Mr. Kochevar is paralysed below the shoulders after a cycling accident, yet has managed to feed himself by his own hand. This 31 progress is partly thanks to electrodes, implanted in his right arm, which stimulate muscles. But the real magic lies higher up. Mr. Kochevar can control his arm using the power of thought. His intention to move is 32 in neural （神经的）activity in his motor region; these signals are detected by implants in his brain and 33 into commands to activate the electrodes in his arms.
An ability to decode thought in this way may sound like science fiction. But brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) like the BrainGate system used by Mr. Kochevar provide evidence that mind-control can work. Researchers are able to tell what words and images people have heard and seen from neural activity alone. Information can also be encoded and used to stimulate the brain. Over 300,000 people have cochlear（耳蜗的） implants, which help them to hear by 34 sound into electrical signals and sending them into the brain. Scientists have “ 35 “ data into monkeys heads, instructing them to perform actions via electrical pulses.
As our Technology Quarterly in this issue explains, the pace of research into BCIs and the scale of its ambition are 36 . Both America’s armed forces and Silicon Valley are starting to focus on the brain. Facebook dreams of thought-to-text 37 . Kernel, a startup, has $100m to spend on neuroethology. Elon Musk has formed a firm called Neuralink; he thinks that, if humanity is to survive the arrival of artificial intelligence, it needs an upgrade. Entrepreneurs imagine a world in which people can communicate using thoughts, with each other and with machines, or acquire 38 abilities, such as hearing at very high frequencies.
These powers if they ever materialize, are decades away. But well before then, BCIs could open the door to wonderful new 39 . Imagine stimulating the visual region to help the blind, making new neural 40 in stroke victims or monitoring the brain for sighs of depression. By turning the firing of neurons into a resource to be used, BCIs may change the idea of what it means to be human.
（2019嘉定二模）Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in each blank with a proper word given in the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one more word than you need.
A. picturing B. separated C. vary D. celebration E. complicated
F. vast G. roughly H. mythical I. delicately J. stress K. distinguishing

The United Nations’ series of “language days” are designed to promote the use of the six official languages of the UN as well as to celebrate cultural and linguistic diversity（语言多样性）. Chinese Language Day is the 20th April. It’s a time chosen to fit in with the Chinese
31 of Guyu（古语）, which honours Cangjie – the four-eyed 32 figure who is traditionally understood to have created Chinese characters in the time of the Yellow Emperor, 5000 years ago.
Mandarin（普通话）is the most-spoken language in the world, with over 1.5 billion speakers. When most people think of “Chinese”, it is Mandarin that they are 33 . But Mandarin Chinese is far from the only variant of the Chinese language—or the only language spoken in China. In fact, there are a great number of Chinese languages. Remember—this is a country which is both very large and very, very old. Different regions are within the 34 expanse of territory, that is, China can be 35 not only by great distances but also by broadly geographical features such as mountain ranges.
It is hard to guess how many dialects actually exist. In general, dialects can be 36 classified into one of the seven large groups: Putonghua (Mandarin), Gan, Kejia (Hakka), Min, Wu, Xiang, and Yue (Cantonese). Each language group contains a large number of dialects.
Understanding the situation is 37 by the fact that, while many Chinese people in different geographical areas of the country may not understand each other when they speak their regional dialect, they may share the same written language even if their pronunciation of different characters within that language may_____38_____.
A ____39____ feature across all Chinese languages is tone. For instance, Mandarin has four tones and Cantonese has six tones. Tone, in terms of language, is the pitch (高音) in which syllables (音节) in words are spoken. In Chinese, different words ___40____different keys. Some words even have pitch variations in one single syllable.
（2019长宁二模）Directions : Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.
A. marginal B. personal C. sliding D. promise E. counted F. gaps
G. profits H. distributed I. relief J. maturing K. leveling
Bad News for Apple; Good News for Humanity
When Apple cut its revenue estimate（收益预期）for the last quarter of 2018 because of unexpectedly slow sales of iPhones, markets trembled. The company’s share price, which had been (31)________ for months, fell by a further 10% on January 3rd, the day after the news came out. Apple’s suppliers’ shares were also hit.
Analysts assume that the number of smartphones sold in 2018 will be slightly lower than in 2017, the industry’s first ever annual decline. All this is terrible news for investors who had (32)________on continued growth. But step back and look at the bigger picture. That smartphone sales have peaked, and seem to be (33)________off at around 1.4 billion units a year, is good news for humanity. The slowdown is actually the result of market saturation (饱 和),which hits Apple the hardest because, despite a relatively small market share (13% of smartphone users), it captures almost all of the industry’s (34)________. But Apple’s pain is humanity’s gain. The fact that the benefits of these magical devices are now so widely (35)________is something to be celebrated.
Now many phones are used for longer than three years, often as hand-me-downs. Replacement cycles are lengthening as new models offer only (36) ________improvements. So even with flat sales, the longer (37)________ between upgrades mean people who already have phones benefit. For all but the most addicted device fans, the slowing pace of upgrades comes as a welcome (38)________.
Does that mean innovation is slowing? No. As computers become smaller, still more (39)________and closer to people’s bodies, many technicians expect that wearable devices, from smart watches to AR headsets, will be the next big thing. Even so, finding another product with the scope of the smartphone is a tall order. The smartphone holds its (40)________ as the device that will make computing and communications worldwide. The recent slowing of smartphone sales is bad news for the industry, obviously. But for the rest of humanity it is a welcome sign that a transformative technology has become almost universal.
（2019静安二模）Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.
A. involve B. strategically C. delicate D. shame E. weaknesses
F. sensitivity G. superior H. occasional I. encounter J. clues K. collapse
For several decades, various types of artificial intelligence kept shocking the world. robots could ___31___ people in highly competitive games and them quickly destroyed their human competitors.
AI long ago mastered chess, the Chinese board game Go and even the Rubik’s cube, which it managed to solve in just 0.38 second.
Now machines have a new game that will allow them to