八年级英语下册Unit5知识点总结Unit5Whatwereyoudoingwhentherainstormcame.doc

Unit5 What were you doing when the rainstorm came?
一.基础知识讲解.
What were people doing yesterday at the time of the rainstorm?昨天当暴风雨来临的时候人们正在做些什么？
【解析1】过去进行时
过去进行时态
⑴ .用法：①过去某个时间正在发生的动作 He was cooking at six last night. 昨天晚上六点，他正在做饭。
②过去某段时间正在发生的动作    
  I was staying here from March to May last year.去年从3月到5月，我一直呆在这里。
⑵ .与过去进行时连用的时间状语，常见的有 at nine last night/  at that time= then/at this time yesterday  /
或有when the teacher came in/  while he was reading的提示
⑶  过去进行时的构成：was\were +现在分词
⑷ 过去进行时的四个基本句型
        肯定句       He was cooking at six last night.                 
        否定句       He was not cooking at six last night.
        一般疑问句     Was he cooking at six last night?          
         两回答       Yes ,he was.  No, he wasn’t.
        特殊疑问句      What was he doing at six last night?
⑸  过去进行时的固定句型
  Jim was reading when the teacher came in. 当老师进来的时候，吉姆正在读书。
  Jim was reading while Kate was watching TV. 
在凯特正在看电视的同时，吉姆正在读书。
  Jim came in while Kate was watching TV.  在凯特正在看电视的时候，吉姆进来了。
⑹请比较  He watched TV last night.       （过去时间last night, 用一般过去时）
  He was watching TV at nine last night.   (过去时间last night+点时间at nine, 用过去进行时)
【2013浙江杭州4】Sally took a photo of her friends while they _________ computer  games.
      A. play   B. are playing  C. have played  D. were playing
 【2013黑龙江绥化3】My uncle ____ books in the room at this time yesterday.
　　　　A. was seeing            B. is reading              C. was reading
【2013黑龙江齐齐哈尔3】What  ____ you  _____ when the captain came in?
         A. are; doing           B. did; do            C. were; doing
巩固练习：用所给动词的适当形式填空
1. Now Jim’s sister __________________(read) newspapers.
2.He __________________(watch)TV at nine last night.
3.He __________________(watch)TV last night.
4. What __________________the twins __________________(do) then?
5.  — ________Lily ______________(draw) a cat when the teacher came in ?   — No, she _________
6. __________________you __________________(have) supper at that time?
7. Jack __________________(not read) a book at nine yesterday evening.
8. Now Jim __________________(play) basketball on the playground（操场）.
9. What ___________________ he _______________ (do) at nine o’clock last night.
10. They ___________________ (listen) to the music at that time.
11. When the teacher came in, the students ___________________ (read) the text.
12. We ___________________ (watch) TV when suddenly the telephone rang.
13. Her mother ____________(cook) while her father was watching TV.
【解析2】   at the time of 在...... 的时候 （常用于过去进行时）
【解析3】rainstorm n 暴风雨  raincoat 雨衣 raindrop雨滴
2. My alarm didn’t go off so I ___ up late. 我的闹钟没有响，因此我____晚了。
【解析1】alarm n 闹钟 an alarm clock 一个闹钟  
【解析2】go off 发出响声,  (闹钟)闹响 ，离开 The alarm went off just now. 刚才警钟响了
【短语】 go over 复习       go away 离开  
go by (时间)过去    go for a walk 出去散步go fishing/shopping/skating/swimming去钓鱼/去买东西/去溜冰/去游泳
(    ) I was late today because my alarm clock didn’t____   A. run off   B. go off   C. give out   D. give up 
【2011广西南宁市】30.—What a big storm last night!
  —Yes. I was doing my homework. Suddenly, all the lights in my house____.
     A. went off        B. turned off       C. took off        D. got off
【2011山西中考】How I wish could sleep longer! However, I had to get up as soon as the alarm clock _____.
    A. ran off          B. went off        C. took off
I ____ for the bus when it began to rain heavily. 当天开始下大雨的时候我__ 公交车
【解析】heavily adv 在很大程度上 
heavy adj. 沉重的 How heavy are you?
heavily  adv 沉重地 The army lost heavily
形容风大的时候常用strong/hard, 形容雨雪下得大的时候用heavily/hard
【2013漳州】18. The sun is shining _____ . You'd better wear sunglasses while you are out.
     A. brightly      B. lightly        C. heavily
【2013黔西南】121. Sometimes it rains _________in Guizhou in summer . 
A. heavily       B. heavy        C. strong           D. Strongly
【注】heavy改y为i +ly 变为adv ,类似的adj还有：
hungry 饥饿的 hungrily
happy 快乐的 happily
angry 生气的 angrily
lucky 幸运的 luckily

4. I ___ to the bus stop but I still missed the bus.   我____ 向公共汽车站但还是错过了公共汽车。
【解析】miss  v ①错过 (后接名词、代词或动车ing） Be quick! Or you will miss the early bus. 
②想念；思念
③ n  用于姓名或姓之前，是对未婚女子的称呼，但首字母要大写，“小姐；女生”
(    ) — I ____ the early bus and I had to wait for the next one on such a cold morning.  — Bad luck!
       A. missed     B. caught     C. followed    D. left
5.I called at seven and you didn’t pick up. 我七点钟给你打电话，你没有接。
【解析】pick up 接电话
pick up 接电话 Tom, I called you, but you didn’t pick up
 捡起；拾起 I pick up a wallet on my way home
 （开车）接某人 I will pick you up at the station
 学到；获得 He was picking up the skills quickly.
【2012陕西2】25. The workers in the Huashan Mountains have to ______ rubbish to keep the mountains clean. 
       A. turn up   B. pick up  C. mix up   D. give up 
【2013湖北武汉1】40. It seems that the aged people ________ the H7N9 more easily from the recent case. 
      A. pick up     B. mix up      C. set up       D. use up   
6. That’s strange. 真奇怪
【解析】strange adj. 奇怪的 →strangely  adv奇怪地 →stranger n 陌生人
be strange to 对……感到陌生
strange 奇怪的 It’s strange that she came to the party.
 陌生的 He stands in a stranger street.
7. With no light outside, it felt like midnight. 外面没有一丝光亮， 让人感觉这是在午夜。
【解析1】with + n +adv ，在句中做伴随状语
        with +n +adj.  She can see stars in the dark sky with the window open
【解析2】feel like doing sth = would like/want to do sth想要做某事
I feel like _______ (catch) a clod today.
8. The news on TV reported that a heavy rainstorm was in the area.电视新闻报道，这个地区有一场大暴雨。
【解析】report v 报道 → reporter n 记者
make a report 做报告  weather report 天气预报give a report 作报告   It’s reported that… 据报道
I want to be a ___________(report) when I grow up.
9. so ,when the rainstorm suddenly came, what were you doing?
那么，当暴风雨突然来临的时候，你正在做什么呢？
【解析】so 的用法：    
                            无实际意义，表示惊讶或领会，引出后面内容
so 
                         so + adj./ adv  “如此……”

                         so + adj./adv +that 从句

                           so + 从句  “所以“

                       so that +从句  “以便，为了……”

10.I see .I called again at eight and you didn’t answer then either.我八点钟又给你打电话， 你也没有接。
【解析1】I see . 我知道了。 （表示通过别人提醒而明白、了解）
(     ) —It’s bad for your eyes to read in the sun.     — _____.
      A. I’m OK     B. I don’t know    C. I’m sorry   D. I see
【拓展】 see sb. do sth 看到某人做某事      see sb. doing sth 看到某人正在做某事
【解析2】either 也
【辨析】also /too/as well/ either
 (1) also 也，用于肯定句句中，用在实义动词之前，系动词、助动词、情态动词之后。
 (2) too 也， 用于肯定句句末      (3) either 也 ，通常放于否定句末
【练习】用either, also , too, as well 填空
③  Tom can sing this song . I can sing it, _____.    ②Tom can sing this song, I can sing it _______.
③Tom can sing this song, I can _______sing it.   ④Tom couldn’t sing this song, I couldn’t , _______.
（  ）⑤ He can’t swim .I can’t,_____.    A. too   B. also   C. either  D. neither
11.Ben’s dad was putting pieces of wood over the windows while his mom was making sure the flashlights and radio were working .
  本的爸爸正在把木头块搭在窗户上面，而他的妈妈正在确保手电筒和收音机能正常使用。
【解析1】while当......的时候
【2013四川雅安1】5. Amy was reading a book  _____  I came in.
    A. when       B. while      C. because     D. though
【2013山东菏泽3】13.______the children have fun, parents can take dance lessons on the beach.
    A. When      B. If          C. While       D. Once
【解析2】make sure确信； 确保
  make sure to do sth       Please make sure to turn off  the  computer when you leave
  make sure of          Do you know the time of the train? You’d better make sure of it.     
【2013山东青岛3】22. There aren’t many tickets left for the concert, you'd better ______that you get one today.
    A. make sure of   B. make a decision   C. make sure  D. make plans
【解析3】work 运转；发挥作用  The madicine doesn’t work.
【拓展】work有三个意思很容易弄混：
表示“工作”，是不可数名词：
    He has too much work to do. 他要做的工作太多。
   work →worker 
⑵. 表示“著作”或“作品”，是可数名词，但多用复数：
    He has read many of Hemingway’s works.
⑶ 表示“工厂”，只用复数形式，但可表示单数意义：
The glass works（=factory)  is [are] near the station. 玻璃工 厂在车站附近。
【2012曲靖中考】 My mother is a doctor , and my father is a _________ (work).
Ben was helping his mom make dinner when the rain began to beat  heavily             against the windows.
 当雨点开始重重地打在窗户上的时候，本正在帮助他的妈妈做晚饭。
【解析1】.beat与win辨析

We beat them by the score of 2 to 1. 我们以2:1赢了他们。
Which team won the football match?  哪个对赢了那场足球赛？
【解析2】heavily 在很大程度上；大量地
【拓展】heavy adj. 重的（反） light →  heavily adv 猛烈地
【注】形容雨雪下得大用heavily/hard
①It rained ______ (heavy) ,so he didn’t go to work yesterday.
(    ) ②Sometimes it rains ____ in Xi’an in summer.
     A. heavy   B. heavily   C. strong  D. strongly
【2012广西玉林】33. —Peter is _______ than you, right?      —Yes, but he is _______ runner in our class. 
       A. heavier; best    B. heavy; the best      C. heavier; the best  D. heavy; better
【2013黔西南】121. Sometimes it rains _________in Guizhou in summer . 
     A. heavily          B. heavy      C. strong        D. Strongly
【解析3】  against 倚；碰；撞
⑴表示“反对”，其反义词为 for。若表示“强烈反对”，一般用副词 strongly：
     Are you for or against the plan?   你对这个计划是赞成还是反对呢?你对这个计划是赞成还是反对
⑵表示位置，意为“靠着”、“顶着”、等：  The teacher’s desk is against the wall. 老师的办公桌靠墙放着。
   He stood leaning against the tree. 他站着斜靠在墙上
【2013】50. Mr. Wang is strongly ____ keeping animals in the zoo, because he thinks animals should also enjoy freedom.
           A. up   B. for   C. against    D. down
【2013青岛1】68. I'm ______ building a new zoo because I think zoos are terrible places for animals to live in.
          A. against     B. on          C. in           D. for
13. Ben could not sleep at first. 起初，本睡不着。
 【解析】 at first 首先；最初
【拓展】(1) at first = at the beginning 最初，开始 
【强调在时间顺序或做某事过程等开始之初】
(2) first of all 首先，第一  【表明陈述事情的重要性】
 (  ) When you want to work for our country in the future, ____, we should have strong body and rich knowledge.
A. at first   B. first of all   C. for the first time   D. after all
【山东德州】 We can do a lot to stay healthy. ____ , we should eat a balanced (平衡的) diet.
    A. At a time    B. In fact   C. First of all    D. All together
14. He finally fell asleep when the wind was dying down at around 3:00 a.m在大约凌晨三点逐渐减弱的时候，本终于睡着了。
【解析1】 fall asleep 进入梦乡；睡着
【拓展】sleep / asleep 辨析：
(1) sleep =be in bed v 睡觉，指睡的动作状态，
(2) get to sleep =fall asleep 入睡，强调进入睡眠的状态
(3)go to bed 上床睡觉，强调睡觉的动作。
【记】 He went to bed at ten last night , but he didn’t go to sleep until . He only fell asleep for 5 hours.
  (  ) — Jim, Where is your sister?    — Oh，She is still in bed.
     A. going to bed   B. in her bedroom  C. sleeping  D. sleepy
【2013江苏泰州】David fell _________(sleep) in class because he
     stayed up too late last night.
be asleep 强调睡着的状态 The baby is asleep
fall asleep 强调入睡的动作 My father was so tired that he fell asleep quickly
(     ) He found it was hard to get to sleep those days.
       A. sleeping     B. fall asleep    C. be asleep
【拓展】fall asleep, sleep, go to sleep, get to sleep, go to bed用法区别。
⑴fall asleep属“连系动词+表语”结构，“入睡；睡着”，指进入梦乡，往往含有“不知不觉就睡着了“的意思。asleep在此作表语形容词。
He was just falling asleep when there was a loud knock at the door.　他刚要入睡时，这时传来了响亮的敲门声。
⑵ sleep指睡觉时的一种状态，是一个延续性的动词。
He likes to sleep for an hour in the afternoon.　他喜欢在下午睡上一个小时。
⑶ go to sleep意为“入睡，睡着”，强调从开始睡到睡着的过程。
I just want to close my eyes and go to sleep as quickly as possible. 我只是想闭上眼睛，尽快地睡上一觉。
⑷get to sleep与go to sleep意思相近，但它强调的是进入睡眠状态。
She was too excited to get to sleep last night. 她昨晚因太激动而不能入睡。
⑸go to bed“就寝”，“上床睡觉”，指上床去睡这个动作，与get up相对应。
The students in our school usually get up at six in the morning and go to bed at half past nine in the evening.
     我们学校的学生通常早晨六点起床，晚上九点半睡觉。
【解析2】   die down 逐渐变弱；逐渐消失
【拓展】die down与die out的用法区别：
 指火的熄灭时，用die down或die out皆可。
die down往往指火势由强到弱慢慢熄灭，植物慢慢死亡这一过程；
die out则指熄灭这一事实，而且不及die down用的普遍。
die down:反映风、声音、愤怒、掌声、战斗等平息下来。
die out:指家庭、种族、物种、组织、信仰等的消失或消亡。
This kind of bird has died out in the world.这种鸟已经在世界上灭绝了。
15. When he woke up. the sun was rising 当他醒来的时候，太阳已经升起来了。
【解析1】wake up (v+ adv) 醒来；睡醒
 【2012广东河源】_____ , Tom! It’s time to get up and go to school.
    A. Wake up    B. Make up    C. Grow up    D. Look up
【2013南京中考】— What’s wrong with you, Eric? You look tired.   — I _____ to prepare for the final exam last night.
        A. picked up        B. woke up      C. stayed up     D. put up 
【解析2】rise  增加；提高；增强；上升，升起
rise 升起；上升 主语自身移向较高位置 Price rose gradually
raise 举起；提高 主语发出的动作作用于其他事物 Let’s raise our glasses to Tom.
(    ) The river ___ two inches this morning.
     A. rose    B. raised    C. are getting up    D. grow
16. Fallen trees, broken windows and rubbish were everywhere.到处都是倒下的树，破碎的窗户和垃圾。
【解析1】过去分词做定语 fallen leaves 落叶
【解析2】 everywhere 处处，到处；各个地方
词条 含义 用法 例句
everywhere 处处；到处；各个地方 可用于任何句式 We have many friends everywhere in the world
somewhere 某个地方 多用于肯定句中 You can go somewhere you like to. 
anywhere
          任何地方 否定句 You can’t go anywhere
  疑问句 Can I go anywhere I choose
【2013杭州1】There has never been such a beautiful village _________ in the world.
       A. anywhere  B. everywhere    C. somewhere  D. nowhere
【2013无锡4】31. We arrived at the station too early and had____ to go, so we sat there and chatted with each other.
      A. somewhere B. anywhere  C. everywhere  D. nowhere
【2013浙江杭州1】26. There has never been such a beautiful village _________ in the world.
     A. anywhere  B. everywhere  C. somewhere  D. nowhere
17. They joined the neighbors to help clean up the neigh hood together. 他们加入到邻居们中，一起打扫社区。
【解析】 join 加入；参加
【辨析】join/join in/take part in 
(1) join=be a member of  参加 ,指加入某种组织，并成为其中的一员。
join the army / party 入伍/ 党     join the club 加入俱乐部
◆ join in 后接活动名称 
◆ join sb. 加入到某个人群之中
(2) take part in 参加 ，指加入群体活动中并在活动中发挥重要作用。
(   )① – I suppose we’ll go to plant trees next week.-- Terrific! Planting trees is a lot of fun. I’d like to ___ you.
 A. visit   B. join   C. follow   D. meet
(   )② –Mary, would you like to ___ this game?   —I’d love to, but I have to finish ___ the composition first.
   A. join in; to write     B. attend; writing  C. join; to write        D. take part in; writing.
【2013天津3】26. He ______an English club last year and has improved his English a lot.
    A. protected      B. produced     C. joined     D. received
18. turn on the radio 打开收音机
【解析】turn on 打开（反）turn off 关掉
【2013浙江舟山、嘉兴】22. It’s time for CCTV news. Let’s _______ the TV and watch it. 
      A. turn on  B. get on   C. try on   D. put on
【2013江苏淮安】13. It's getting dark. Please ________ the light. 
A. turn on   B. turn off   C. turn down   D. turn around
【2013湖南益阳】33.The boy is sleeping. Please _____the radio.
     A. turn up       B. turn down C. turn on
【2013河南】30. ______a light when necessary. You will bring light to other people and yourself.
     A. Try on       B. Get on         C. Turn on      D. Put on
19.When we got to the place of the accident, the car was in bad shape from hitting a
    tree. 当我们到达事故现场的时候，看到汽车由于撞在了树上，已经变了些。
【解析】get to 到达get → got→ gotten v 得到
【辨析】get/ reach/ arrive
get to +地点=arrive in/at +地点=reach+地点
get on 上车