八英语上册知识点复习.doc

八年级英语上册知识点复习
Unit 1 Where did you go on vacation?
单元重点：1)一般过去时2)不定代词的用法：1)不定代词作主语，谓语动词用单三2)形容词修饰不定代词要放在其后3)something 一般用在肯定句中，anything一般用在否定句和疑问句中
重点词组：go on vacation去度假 stay at home待在家里 go to the mountains去爬山go to the beach去海滩 visit museums 参观博物馆 go to summer camp去参观夏令营quite a few相当多 study for为……而学习 go out出去 most of the time大部分时间taste good尝起来很好吃 of course当然 feel like给……的感觉/ 想要 in the past在过去walk around四处走走because of因为 one bowl of… 一碗…… the next day第二天 drink tea喝茶 find out找出,查明 go on继续 take photos照相 something important重要的事 up and down上上下 come up出来
用法集锦：1)buy sth. for sb. / buy sb. sth.为某人买某物 2)taste + adj. 尝起来look+adj. 看起来…3）nothing…but+动词原形 除了……之外什么都没有
4）seem+（to be）+ adj. 看起来……你还能想到seem的什么用法？5）arrive in+大地点 / arrive at+小地点 到达某地6）decide to do sth.决定去做某事
7）try 的用法：作动词：try doing sth.尝试做某事 / try to do sth.尽力去做某事 try one’s best to do sth.作名词： have a try
8)forget doing sth.忘记做过某事/ forget to do sth.忘记做某事 9)enjoy doing sth.喜欢做某事 10)dislike doing sth. 不喜欢做某事
11)Why not do. sth.?为什么不做……呢？ 12)So + adj.+ that+从句 如此……以至于……
13)tell sb. (not) to do sth. 告诉某人（不要）做某14)总结keep 的用法
1 Did you go anywhere interesting? 不定代词与形容词一起连用，不定代词放在形容词前面，在疑问句中含有some的不定代词要改为含有any的不定代词，但注意在表示请求，推测或希望对方做出肯定回答的疑问句中不变。但any以及含有any的不定代词表示任何的时候可以用于肯定句。
something new 一些新的东 anything different 任何不同的东西
somebody，someone，anybody，anyone, nobody，everybody，everyone指人
somewhere，anywhere，nowhere，everywhere指地点
something，somebody，someone，somewhere用于肯定句及表示请求或建议的疑问句中，而anything，anybody，anyone，anywhere用于否定句、疑问句及条件状语从句中。如：Did you do anything interesting? 你做了有趣的事吗？（表疑问）
Why don’t you visit someone with me?（表建议） If anything happens, please tell me.
Can I ask you ________ questions? A some B any C little D something
Is there ____________ new in the newspaper? A something B anything C nothing D everything
2 I bought something for my father.
buy sth for sb/ buy sb sth.为某人买某物 过去式: bought
My father bought me a cat.=My uncle_____ _____a bike.= My uncle_____ _____for me.
3 study for 为什么做准备 prepare for
我将为期末考试做准备。I _________ _______________ __________ the final exam.
4We took quite a few photos there.我们在那里拍了不少照片。
quite a few= a lot of=lots of 相当多 quite a little 相当多
quite a few与quite a little :quite a few 意为“很多;不少”，修饰可数名词复数；quite a little 意为“很多;不少”，修饰不可数名词。
a. He stays here for _____ _____ _____days. b. There is _____ _____ _____water in the bottle(瓶子).
5 I just stayed at home most of the time to read and relax.
most of 意为“…中的大多数”,它作主语时，谓语动词取决于其后的名词。
Most of the food _______ (go) bad.Most of us_____(be)going to the park.
6 Everything tasted really good! 联系动词后及接形容词构成系表结构。taste,
sound, feel, look, be, get, become，seem
Does the soup __________ delicious? A sound B feel C look D taste It looks _____________. (difference)
7How did you like it？
how do you like…=what do you think of… 你认为…怎么样？询问对方的观点或看What do you think of Chinese food?
How do you like your new job? = _____ _____ _____ _____ your new job?
8 I went to a friend’s farm in the countryside with my family.
名词所有格的构成：
1）单数名词词尾加’s ，复数名词词尾没有s,也要加’s the girl ‘s pen女孩的钢笔 women’s shoes女鞋 on Children’s Day
2）复数名词以s结尾的只加 ’ the students’ reading room学生阅览室 Teachers’ Day教师节
3）如果两个名词并列，并且分别有’s，则表示“分别有”；只后一个名词有一个’s，则表示“共有”：
John’s and Kate’s rooms. 约翰和凯特（各自）的房间。Lily and Lucy’s father. 莉莉和露西的爸爸（同一个爸爸）。
4）表示无生命的名词一般以...of...构成短语，表示所有关系。a map of China一幅中国地图 the name of the story那个故事的名字
September 10th is ____________ Day.A a teacher B Teachers’ C Teachers
9 The only problem was that there was nothing to do but read.
nothing…but… 除…之外什么也没有，but后可接名词或动词原形
I had noting to do but _____________ (watch) TV.
10 Still no one seemed to be bored. 仍然没有人感到烦闷。
1) seem的用法 A seem+形容词 看起来… You seem very tired.B seem to do 似乎，好像做某 He seems __________ (eat) nothing.
C It seems/seemed+从句 “看起来好像…；似乎…”。It seems that no one believes you.看起来好像没有人相信你。
2) bored与boringa. bored意为“厌烦的；感到无聊的”，一般在句中修饰人。b. boring意为“无聊的；令人厌烦的”，一般在句中修饰事或物。
类似的还有interested, interesting; exciting, excited; surprised, surprising; scared, scaring;
eg：a. I’m ______with what he said.我对他说的话厌烦极了。
b. I find the story very_______.我发现这个故事太无聊了。
c. The story is_________(exciting, excited) .
d. He told me the_______(exciting, excited)news.
e. Sarah was_______(exciting, excited)to see the singer.
f. He got ___________ (bore) about the __________ (bore) movie.
11 I arrived at Penang in Malaysia this morning with my family.
arrive in + 大地方 / arrive at + 小地方到达某地 reach+地方 get to+地方
We arrive ______ school at eight every morning. （改同义句）
12 My father and I decided to go to Penang Hill today.
decide (not) to do sth=make a decision (not) to do sth 决定做某事名词：decision
decide on doing sth. 决定做某事
The man decided ___________________ (buy) this house.
decide后常跟“疑问词+动词不定式”做宾语。He can’t decide when ______ _____(leave)
13My sister and I tried paragliding.
try doing sth. 尝试做某事 / try to do sth. 尽力做某事
I’m trying _______________________ (learn) English well.
I tried _________________ (call) him, but no one answered.
14 I felt like I was a bird. 我感觉我是一只鸟。
feel like 意为：“感受到；摸起来”，后跟宾语从句或名词。如：
I feel like a child when I play with my son.
短语 feel like doing 想做… eg:I feel like _________ (have) a drink.
15I really enjoyed walking around the town.enjoy doing sth. 喜欢做某事
I enjoy ____________ (read) books.
enjoy oneself=have a good time=have fun
16 What a difference a day makes! 一天的差异多大啊！
感叹句：What+a/an+名词单数+主语+谓语=How+adj/adv+主语+谓语
What a beautiful girl (she is)!
1.What an interesting book it is! = How interesting a book is! 那本书多么有趣啊！
2.____a clever girl she is! 3. _____clever a girl she is!
4._____important jobs they have done! 5._____sweet water it is!
6._____interesting the dog is!
17 We wanted to walk up to the top , but then it started raining a little so
we decided to take the train. want to do sth. 想去做某事 want sb (not) to do sth
My mother wants me _____________ (drink) milk every day.
begin=start doing /to do sth. 开始做某事
She started _____________ (do) her homework after dinner.
18 We waited over an hour for the train because there were too many people. too many+名词复数 too much+不可数名词 much too+adj/adv
Mother bought ___________ eggs yesterday.
He has ___________ homework to do.
She is _______________________ tired.
19 Because of the bad weather, we couldn’t see anything below.
1) because of +名词、名词短语 Because +从句,because和so不能放在同一句子中。
2）below意为“在......下面;低于”，其反义词为 above，意为“在......上面；高于”
eg: I didn’t go out because of the bad weather.
= I didn’t go out because the weather was bad.
although ,though不能和but连用。
Eg：Although it rained，the boys still played outside.
= It rained，but the boys still played outside. 尽管天下雨了，但男孩们仍在外面玩耍。
My cousin knows a lot about geography， he is only four years old.
A. because B. so C. although
20 My father didn’t bringenough money.
1）辨析：bring与take bring意为“带来；拿来”， 指从别处带到说话者所在地。take意为“拿走；带走”， 指从说话者所在地带到别处去。
2) enough
1)形容词 ，修饰名词，放在名词之前 eg ：enough money.
2)副词，修饰形容词或副词，放在被修饰词之后 eg: strong enough
21 because we forgot to bring an umbrella
forget to do sth 忘记要做某事（事情还没做）eg: Don’t forget to close the window.
forget doing sth 忘记做过某事 （事情已经做过了）eg: I forget closing the window.
Don’t forget __________ (bring) your homework.
22 About one hour later, we stopped and drank some tea.
stop to do sth 停下来做另一件事 stop doing sth 停止做某事
I feel tired. Why not __________(rest) for a while？
He stopped __________ (eat) when the teacher came.
23 Did you dislike anything? dislike doing sth=dislike to do sth 不喜欢做…
Eg：a. Mary ______ the hamburgers. 玛丽不喜欢汉堡包。
b. I _____ ______ computer 我不喜欢玩电脑游戏。
24 Why not +V原形 =Why don’t you +V原形（为什么不……）
eg: a Why don’t you go to the party with me ?
= Why not go to the party with me?
b._____ _____ take a walk? = _____ ______ _____ take a walk? 为什么不去散步呢？
Why not ______________ (buy) a new bike?
25 My legs were so tired that I wanted to stop.
so+adj/adv+that+句子 如此…以致于…She is so popular that everyone likes her.
such such+名短+ that 从句 She is such a popular girl that...
so that 从句：以便，为了 He gets up early so that he can catch the early bus.
Our school is so beautiful that everyone likes it.
too+adj+to+动词原形 too...to = not ...enough to .... = so ...that +否定
The girl is too young to go to school. （改同义句）
26 My classmates told me to keep going, so I went on.
1) tell sb (not) to do sth
Parents always tell us ______________ (not play) computer games.
The teacher ______ ______ ______ ______ the window just now. 老师刚才告诉我们擦窗户。
2) keep doing sth 继续做某事，一直做某事(无间隔)
I keep ______________ (read) English for half an hour every day.
Keep on doing sth 一直，坚持做某事（有间隔）
3) keep sb. from doing sth. 阻止某人做… keep up with 跟上；赶上
27 Where did you go on vacation? 你去哪里度假了？
1）这是有疑问副词where引导的特殊疑问句，where用来询问地点和场所，放在句首。
a._____ do you _____ ______?你从哪里来？ b._____does he______?他住在哪里？
2）go on vacation意为“去度假”。
I want ____ ____ ____ ____in Hainan this winter.今年冬天我想去海南度假。
28. visited my uncle 看望了我的叔叔（P1）
visit是及物动词，意为“拜访；探望”,后接表示人的名词或代词。
visit还可以意为“参观；游览”，后接表示地点的名词。
a. I visited my grandmother last week. 上周我去______了我的外婆。
b. Do you want to visit Shanghai? 你想______上海吗？
拓展：visitor意为“参观者；游客”。
eg: These visitors come from America._______________________
29. Did you go shopping?
“go+doing”形式表示“去做某事”，常用于表达从事某一体育活动或休闲活动。
go skating 去滑冰 go hiking 去徒步旅行 go sightseeing 去观光
go fishing 去钓鱼 go swimming 去游泳 go boating 去划船
go shopping 去逛街
30提建议的句子：
①What/ how about +doing sth.? 如：What/ How about going shopping?
②Why don’t you + do sth.? 如：Why don’t you go shopping?
③Why not + do sth. ? 如：Why not go shopping?
④Let’s + do sth. 如： Let’s go shopping
⑤Shall we/ I + do sth.? 如：Shall we/ I go shopping?
31 I wonder what life was like here in the past.我想知道过去这里的生活是什么样的
wonder
(n): 奇迹；令人惊讶的事情如：No wonder! 难怪；不足为奇！
(v) 惊讶 如：wonder at sth. ; wonder to do sth.
感到疑惑；想知道 如：I wonder where they are going.

Unit 2 How often do you exercise?单元重点：
1） 关于how的词组2)频率副词的位置：放在be动词、助动词、情态动词之后，实意动词之前3) How often 与How many times 的区别？
2） 重点词组：help with housework帮助做家务 on weekends/ on the weekend在周末 how often多久一次 hardly ever几乎从不once a week每周一次 twice a month每月两次 every day每天 be free有空go to the movies去看电影 use the Internet用互联网 swing dance摇摆舞 play tennis打网球 stay up late/ stay up 熬夜；睡得很晚 at least至少 go online 上网 have dance and piano lessons上舞蹈课和钢琴课 less than少于 go to bed early早点睡觉 play sports进行体育活动 be good for对……有好处 go camping去野营 not…at all一点儿也不… in one’s free time在某人的业余时间 be good for 对···有好处the most popular最受欢迎的 such as比如；诸如 old habits die hard积习难改 go to the dentist去看牙医 morn than多于；超过
用法集锦：
1） help sb. with sth.帮助某人做某事 help还有什么用法？
How about…? ......怎么样？/ ……好不好？= What about +n./ v-ing3)主语+ find+ that从句. ……发现……4)spend time with sb.和某人一起度过时光
spend 还有何意，其具体用法是什么？5)It’s+ adj.（for sb）+ to do sth. 做某事的……的。6)ask sb. about sth.向某人询问某事7)by doing sth. 通过做某事
总结by 的意思：
l 8)What’s your favorite……?你最喜爱的……是什么？9)the best way to do sth.做某事的最好方式10）maybe 与 may be 的区别？
11） quite 意为_________其后跟__________(词性)12) percent of 后面的主语决定谓语动词的单复
1 How often do you exercise?how often表示“多久一次”，是对动作的频率进行提问。其回答通常有：A 频率副词： always, usually, often, sometimes, hardly ever, neverB 次数＋时间段: 如：once or twice a weekC every ＋时间段: every day (每天)
注意:表示“一次或两次”时，一般用once和twice表示。如：once a month一个月一次
而表示“三次或以上”时，则用“数词＋times”结构。如：five times a year一年五次
与how有关的短语：how far(距离)多远；how long(时间)多长；how many多少(只可接可数名词的复数形式)；how much多少，价格（只可接不可数名词）；how soon(时间)多久后（事情还要过多久才发生）；how old(年龄)多大。 How often的回答用 once a month等How long的回答用for+时间 How soon的回答用in+时间___________ will he be back? In two days. How long have you stayed? __________
2 help with housework help with sth help sb to do sth/help sb do sth I often help my mom _________ (do) housework.
3 What's your favorite program? = What program do you like best? What’s your favorite…?=What… do you like best? 你最喜欢的…是什么？
What’s your favorite program?
4 I go to the movies maybe once a month. 我也许一个月去看一次电影。
辨析：maybe 和may be
maybe “也许，大概，可能”。（一般放句首）
Maybe you are right. 也许你是对的。
may be “可能是，也许是”。 为“情态动词+be动词”结构。（位于句中）
You may be right. 你也许是对的。
Lily an English teacher. Lily可能是一名英语老师。=________________________________________
(1) The baby is crying ______________she is hungry. (2) The woman _____________ a teacher .
5 How many hours do you sleep every night?
how many+可数名词复数 how much+不可数名词______________ money do you need?______________ people are there?
6 And twenty percent do not exercise at all.
not… at all 一点也不 I don’t like English at all.
exercise （v/n）的用法
1）（动）:锻炼. 如： He exercises every day.2) (可数名词)：“...操;练习”. 如：do morning/ eye exercises; do math exercises
(不可数名词):“锻炼;运动”讲：如： We often do / take exercise on weekends.
7 It is good to relax by using the Internet of watching game shows, but we think the best way to relax is through exercise.
It’s + adj+(for sb)+to do sth (对某人来说)做什么是…的It’s easy for us ______________________ (swim)
---I often have hamburgers for lunch.---You’d better not. It’s bad for you too much junk food.A.eat B.to eat C.eating D. ate
by: He learns English by singing English songs 通过…方式 He went home by bus.= He went home on the bus= He took the bus home.
through 通过… 方式+ 名词： The best way to relax is through exercise .
（从…里面）穿过： Climb through the window.
注意： 横过（从一边到另一边） walk across the street.
the best way to do sth. 做某事的最好方式
8 You can spend time with your friends and family as you play together.
spend time with sb. 和某人度过时光
① spend+时间/金钱+on sth 花费时间或金钱在某物上spend+时间/金钱+（in ）doing sth 花费时间或金钱做某事
I spent 20 yuan ______________ this pen.A buy B to buy C buying D bought
spend time with sb 和某人一起度过时光
② sb pay +金钱+for sth 支付
③ sth cost sb +时间、金钱.
④ It takes sb+时间+to do sth 花费某人多少时间做某事
It takes me 10 minutes ___________________ (go) to school.
9 She says she is afraid. be afraid to do sth 害怕做某事
I’m afraid ______________ (go) there at night.be afraid of sb/sth 害怕某人或某物 be afraid of doing sthI am afraid of snake.
10 stay up late 熬夜，睡得很晚 stay up 熬夜，不睡觉
11 She sometimes goes shopping. sometimes ，some times ，sometime ， some time
sometimes 有时候。=at times也是“有时”的意思。提问用how often
some times 几次。time作可数名词时可作“次数”解；表示“时间”时是不可数名词。How many times
sometime 某个时候。可指过去或将来的某个时候。提问用when
some time 一段时间。常与for连用。对它提问用how long 。
口诀记忆：分开“一段时间” ；相聚“某个时候”。“有时”为复数，复数分开“几次”。
Eg：Sometimes I get up very late. 有时我起床很晚.I will go to shanghai sometime next week. 下周某个时候我要去上海He reads the story some times. 他读这个故事几遍了。I’ll stay here for some time. 我将会在这儿呆一段时间。
练习：① We plan to stay in Hainan for . 我们打算在海南呆一段时间。
② I am sur