人教版高一英语必修一unit3知识梳理与巩固练习(含答案).doc

Unit 3
(一)课文预习
一、Warming Up
Transport

Advantages
Disadvantages
bus
1.Very cheap
2.Efficient for short journeys
Takes longer than the train
or plane.
train

1.Faster than bus, cheaper than plane
2.ends in the centre of the town/city.
Takes longer than the plane.

ship
1.Cheaper than plane

1.More expensive than train
2.Not convenient for visiting inland places
airplane
1.Quick 2.Efficient
3.Provides meals
1.Expensive
2.Journey ends far from the city
二、Fast-reading Match the paragraph and the main idea.
Para 1Take a great bike trip along the Mekong River.
Para 2 Different attitudes between them
Para 3The preparation before the trip & details about Mekong River.
三、Careful Reading
1.What was Wang Kun and Wang Wei’s idea of a good trip?
Their idea was to take a long bike trip.
2.Who Planned the trip to the Mekong? Wang Wei planned the trip.
3.Where is the source of the Mekong and which sea does it enter?
Qinghai Province ； the South China Sea
4.What can you see when you travel along the Mekong?
You can see the source glacier ,rapids, hills,valleys, waterfalls and plains.
5.What difficulties did Wang Kun and Wang Wei find about their journey?
The journey will begin at an altitude of more than 5,000 metres, where it is hard to breathe and very cold.
6.What do you think about Wang Kun and Wang Wei? Wang Kun: enthusiastic, critical, sensible Wang Wei: imaginative, organized, eager,persistent, stubborn, risk-taking
(二)词汇要点
1.determine vt.决定，决心，确定，测定
Determination n. 决心，毅力 determined adj. 坚毅的，下决心的 decide［同义］ v.决定
典型用法 be determined to do sth
⑴ She is a girl of great ______________ (determine).
⑵ He is determined ________ (face) out the situation.
⑶ There is a ____________ (determine) look on his face.

2.similar adj. 类似的，相似的
Similarly adv. 类似地；同样地 Similarity n.类似；(可数)相似之处
be similar to［搭配］类似于,与……相似 the same ...as...［近义］与……相同
（1）My opinion is ______ yours.
⑵ The __________ between them has often been remarked on.
⑶ Our bodies are strengthened by taking exercise. ____________，our minds are developed by learning.

3.organize v.组织
organization n.组织，机构 organizer n.组织者 organized adj. 有组织的
⑴ The _____________ (organize) of such a large-scale party takes a lot of time and energy.
⑵ The ___________(organize) think of various ways to amuse the athletes.
⑶ I will take part in an _________ (organize) activity to improve the condition of disadvantaged people in society.

4.surprise vt.使惊奇，使诧异n. 惊奇，诧异
Surprised adj. 感到惊讶的 surprising adj. 令人惊讶的
surprisedly adv. 惊奇地，惊讶地 surprisingly adv. 令人感到惊奇地
典型的用法是：
be surprised at 对…感到惊讶 to one,s surprise (=surprisingly) 令人感到惊奇地是
(1) Everybody here was ____ （surprise） the news.
(2) I was __________ (surprise) the change in him.
(3) ________________________ (surprise)，he was so frank that he told me all of his secrets.

5..transport n.& v.运送；运输
派生：transportation n.运输；交通工具
⑴ 那辆黄色公共汽车将乘客从机场运送到城里。
The yellow bus_____________________________from the airport to the city.
⑵ 那些物品将用飞机运往青海玉树。
The goods ____________________ by plane to Yu Shu，Qinghai Province.
答案：will transport the passengers ； will be transported

6.persuade vt.说服，劝说
persuade sb. to do 说服/劝服某人去做
persuade sb. into doing 说服/劝服某人去做
persuade sb. out of doing说服/劝服某人不做
注意：劝而不服则要用advise sb.to do sth.或者try to persuade sb.to do sth.。
⑴ 我们劝李老师戒烟，他不再抽烟啦!
__________________________________，and he never smoked at last.
⑵ 我们劝王老师戒烟，可他不戒。
___________________________________________________________，but he didn’t.
答案：We persuaded Mr. Li to stop smoking
We advised Mr.Wang to stop smoking/We tried.to persuade Mr.Wang to stop smoking

7. 3.graduate v.毕业 n.大学毕业生 派生：graduation n.毕业
短语：graduate from 毕业于
(1)After ____________ (graduate)，what are you going to do?
(2)My sister graduated ______ Beijing University ____ 1982.（填借此）
(3) He is _____ graduate of Oxford. （填冠词）

8. .care vi.关心；介意 n.关心；照顾
care about (to be worried about/concerned with)忧虑；担心；惦念
care for(=like，love)喜欢 take care of(=look after)照料；照顾
take care 小心；提防
派生：careful adj.细心的 carefully adv.细心地 carefulness n.细心 carelessly adv. 粗心地 carelessness n.粗心 careless adj.粗心的
⑴ The only thing he cares __________ is money.
⑵ I don’t really care _____ red wine.
⑶Who will take care ___ your baby if you are out?
⑷ Many accidents are caused by ________ (care) driving.
⑤ They studied the question _________ (care) before they made the decision.
即学即用
（1）—That’s a lovely dress.
—Do you think so?My aunt gave it to me for my birthday,but I don’t thecolor.  A.interest in B.care for C.take care of D.fond of
（2）I don’t think Jack what happensto his family.He is so selfish.
A.cares for B.cares aboutC.cares to D.cares of

9.reliable adj. 可信赖的；可靠的 派生：rely vi.依靠；依赖(通常接on)
⑴ I found this to be a ________ brand of washing machines.
⑵ The villagers here ____ wells for their water.（填与rely相关的词）

10..schedule n.时间表；进度表 vt.为某事安排时间
according to schedule 按照计划；按照安排 on schedule 按时
behind schedule 晚点 be scheduled to do被安排，定于
⑴ 火车按时到达。 The train arrived ___ ___
⑵ 总统定于明天发表演说。
The President is __________ (schedule) to make a speech tomorrow.

11.attitude n. 态度；看法
attitude to/towards ... 对……的态度
翻译：我的英语老师改变了对我的态度。
My English teacher ________________________ me.
has changed his attitude to/towards me.

12..be fond of(=love；like)喜欢；喜爱
翻译：虽然她有好多缺点，但是我们都很喜欢她。
She has many shortcomings，but we __________________her.

13.give in 屈服；让步
give up停止/放弃做某事 give out 用完；用尽；分发；分布
give away捐赠；暴露；泄露 give off发散(气味)；发出(光)
give back交还
运用：用适当的介词或副词填空。
（1） He gave ____ to her request.
（2） If you give _____ smoking，you will save a lot of money every year.
（3） His accent gave him _____ . So I knew he was from USA.
（4）Our teacher gave ______ to the police station what he picked up from the ground.
（5） His money soon gave ______ because he bought a lot of things.

14.as usual 照常；如平常一样
⑴ 昨天早上，他像往常一样去了办公室。Yesterday morning，________________________.
⑵ 你像平常一样迟到了。 You are late，___________.

15.put up 建造，搭建，举起；升起 put up with 忍受
⑴ You should ___________ what he said.
⑵ If you have questions to ask，please _______ your hand.

16.at midnight 半夜
比较：at night(傍晚)晚上
in the evening=during the night/in the night在晚间/在夜间
（1）My grandma usually woke up ____ midnight.
⑵ You must be tired after you worked several hours _____ the evening. Please take a rest.

17.change one’s mind 改变注意 make up one’s mind 下决心；决定
⑴ He______________________ go to university after graduation from high school.
⑵ He is very stubborn(固执的)and he is not easy to _________________.
has made up his mind to ；change his mind

（三）重点句子解析
一、Warming up –language point
1. Which kind of transport do you prefe rto use:bus or train?（回归课本P17）
prefer v.更喜欢；选择某事物(而不选择其他事物)
(1)prefer sth.更喜欢……
prefer (sb.) to do sth.更喜欢（某人）做……
prefer that更喜欢［that从句中常用（should）+动词原形］
prefer sth./doing...to sth./doing...与……相比更喜欢……；宁愿……，不愿……
e.g. I would prefer meat to fish.我喜欢肉胜过（喜欢）鱼。
I prefer singing to acting. 我喜欢唱歌胜过演戏。
prefer to do...rather than do...宁可……也不……
e.g. He prefers to stay at home rather than go shopping. 他宁可呆在家里也不愿意去逛商店。
(2)preference n. 偏爱；爱好；喜爱
give preference to sb./sth.给……以优惠；优待
in preference to sb./sth.而不是
（1）He prefers indoors out this afternoon.
A.to stay;to go B.staying;to go C.to stay;to going D.staying;to going
（2）The little girl go to the cinema rather than at home alone that night.
A.preferred;stay B.prefers to;to stay C.preferred to;stay D.prefers to;stay
1. D ;2.C
二、Reading Language points
1.Ever since middle school, my sister Wang Wei and I have dreamed about taking a great
bike trip.
1). dream n. v.
dreamed/dreamt dreamed/dreamt
dream of/about sth. (vi.)
dream a…dream (vt.)
dream that… (vt.)
dream sb. to be … (vt.)
1) 他梦想着有一天为自己工作, 没有老板.
He working for himself and not having a boss one day.
= He that one day he will work for himself and not have a boss.
2) 我做梦也没想到他是个撒谎的人.
I never a liar.
答案：dreams of / about ； dreams ； dreamed him to be

2. Then she persuade me to buy one.然后她动员我也买了一辆.
persuade vt.说服; 劝服; vi.被说服
persuade sb. (not) to do sth.
persuade sb. into / out of doing sth.
我已说服他做这件事。
e.g. I persuaded him to do it. = persuade him into doing it.
如果“劝说”不服, 不能直接用persuade, 而应用try to persuade或advise, 或者用persuade的否定式。
e.g. Some of us advised him to change his mind but no one could persuade
him to do so.
（2）实例
1. I __ him not to smoke, but he didn’t think it necessary.
A.persuaded B. advised C. hoped D. suggested
2. I was able at last to ____ my mother to follow my advice.
A.suggest B. advise C. persuade D. leave off
3. While shopping, people sometimes can’t help ____ into buying something they don’t really need.
A.to persuade B. persuading C. being persuade D. be persuaded
(3) 辨析：advise表示“劝告”的动作，不看结果，而persuade强调“已经说服”；advise可接动词的-ing
形式作宾语，也可接that引导的宾语从句（必须用虚拟语气即should+动词原形）,而persuade不能。
My friends advised him to see a doctor,but he refused all of them.Who can persuade him?
我的朋友们建议他去看医生，但他拒绝了所有的人。谁能说服他？

3 辨析： Finally/at last/in the end
finally 一般指一系列事物或论点的顺序的最后项内容,或用在动词前,表示“等了好久……才”,没有感情色彩.
at last只能指时间位置,不能指时间顺序,在意思上是指经过周折、等待、耽搁到”最后、终于”(出现所期待的结果),常常带有较浓厚的感情色彩.
in the end可与at last和finally通用.但若出现了非期待中的结果,用in the end, 还可以用于预卜未来。
1)They talked about it for hours. _______ they decided not to go.
2)The children arrived home _________________after the storm.
3) My dream will come true
4) The war lasted four years before the North won _______________.
5) Your idea will turn out right _________.
6) ______, I want to thank you for helping me.
Finally; at last/in the end; in the end; in the end/ at last; in the end; Finally

4. It was my sister who first had the idea to cycle along the entire Mekong River from where it begins to where it ends.
是我姐姐首先想到骑自行车沿湄公河从它的源头行走到入海口。
这是一个强调句。强调句的结构是：
It was/is+强调成分+that-/who-分句
如果强调的部分是人,可用who,也可用that, 强调其他成分与内容都用that。
强调时间和地点不能用when或where，只用that。
e. g.我看这部电影是在上海。
(强调地点状语)
It was in Shanghai that I saw the film.
根据上下文和语义意图,说话人可以通过强调句分别强调主语, 宾语, 状语, 使之成为信息中心。
e. g ⑴ All the members held ②a meeting ③in the club ④ yesterday.
⑴It was all the members that/who held a meeting in the club yesterday. (强调主语, was不能换用were)
②It was a meeting that all the members held in the club yesterday. (强调宾语a meeting)
③It was in the club that all the members held a meeting yesterday. (强调地点状语,that不可换用 where)
④It was yesterday that all the members held a meeting in the club. (强调时间状语that不可换用 where)
把这个句子的不同成分改成强调句。John gave Mary a handbag at Christmas.
高考链接
1.Was it ___ that I saw last night at the concert?
A. you B. not you C. that yourself
2. It was because of bad weather ___ the football match had to be put off.
A. so B. so that C. why D. that
3.. —Who is making so much noise in the garden?
—______ the children.
A. It is B. They are C. That is D. There are

6. Although she didn’t know the best way of getting get to places, she insisted that she organize the trip properly. 尽管她不知道旅行的最佳方式, 但是她还是坚决主张她来合理安排这次旅行。
1) although, though引导让步状语从句不能再和but, and, however连用, 但可以和副词yet, still连用。
although从句多放在句首, though从句可在主句前，中，后任何位置，而且though可以作副词用于句末，作 “但是，不过”讲，而although无此用法。
[考例] ______ he has limited technical knowledge, the old worker has a lot of experience.
A. Since B. Unless C. As D. Although
[点拨]D 根据句中的limited knowledge和a lot of experience构成对比，可知这是一个让步状语从句，故用although引导。since既然； unless除非……； as 因为。
2) insist : declare firmly 坚持认为，坚持主张
※insist on/upon one’s doing sth坚持做,坚决做
e.g. I insisted on/upon his coming with us.
※insist that +从句 “坚持说”(后表示一个事实), 后接的从句用陈述语气, 既按需要选择时态。
e.g. He insisted that he hadn’t stolen the girl’s handbag.
※insist that sb. (should) do sth. 坚决主张做某事, 后接的宾语从句常用虚拟语气, 既 “should +v.”
e.g. Mary was ill. Her parents insisted that she (should) see a doctor.
高考链接
I insisted that a doctor __ immediately.
A has been sent for B. sent for C. will be sent for D. be sent for
2.The doctor insisted that I a high fever and that I a rest for a few days. A.had;had B.have;have C.had;have D.have;had
3.The man insisted a taxi for me even if/though I told him I lived nearby.
A.find B.to find C.on finding D.in finding
答案：1.D;2.C;3.C

7. My sister doesn’t care about details. 我姐姐是不会考虑细节的。
care about: be worried about忧虑,关心
e.g. 他并不关心我的事情。
He doesn’t care much about what happens to me.
care for sb/sth: look after, love or like希望, 喜欢, 照顾
1) Would you care for a drink?
2) He cares for her deeply.
3) Who will care for your child if you are out?

8. She gave me a determined look –the kind that she wouldn’t change her mind.她坚定地看了我一眼----这眼神表明她不会改变主意。
determine v. 决定, 下定决心, 确定 determine to do sth. =make up one’s mind 下定决心
e.g. He determined to learn French.
be determined to do sth. 决心做
e.g. She was determined to go to university.
change one’s mind 改变某人的主意
e.g. No matter what you say, I won’t change my mind.

9. When I told her that our journey would begin at an altitude of more than 5000 meters, she seemed to be excited about it.
当我告诉她我们将在海拔5000米处开始旅程, 她好像对此很兴奋。
本句中的seem后面跟了不定式结构，意 为“ ……看起来好像…… ”。现对seem的用法讲 解如下：
一．seem常常和不定式，形容词，分词，名词和介词短语搭配。如:
1．seem+不定式（短语）
a)I seemed to hear a voice in the distance .
b)Your advice seems to be doing me a favor .
c)I seem to have caught a cold .
注意：1seem后跟不定式（短语）时，要注意不定式所表示动作发生的时间，以此来确定不定式的时态。
2 . seem后不定式的否定式习惯上用 don’t 来代替，（放在seem 前），如：
You don’t seem to be quite yourself today ( =You seem not be quite yourself today )
3.seem +形容词
a) She seems quite happy today.
b) The enemy seems powerful but in fact it is weak.
[注]此句式出可看作是seem+to be+adj句式的一种简化形式。
如例a可转换为：
She seems to be quite happy today.
例b可转换为：
The enemy seems to be powerful but in fact it is weak.
但目前由于英语的发展，seem+to be+形容词结构的用法已越来越少，seem+adj的结构已趋成型，属口语语体。
4．Seem+分词
a) The situation seemed quite encouraging.
b) The news seems exciting.
c) They seems interested in the film.
[注]seem后用现在分词还是过去分词取决于分词本身的逻辑主语，如句中的主语（盍作的执行者）是分词的逻辑主语，用现在分词，反之用过去分词。
5、seem+名词
a) She seems a clever girl.
b) Her mother seems a teacher.
c) It seemed a long time before my turn came.
6.seem+介词短语
They seemed in high spirits.
二、seem常用于it作形式主语的“It seems/seemed that……”结构，如：
a) It seems that you were lying.
b) It seemed that he had been a scientist.
c) It seems impossible that he will be here tomorrow.
[注]1）在这一句式中，常省去that，如例a可改为：
It seems you were lying.
2)间或在seem后可跟一形容词，如例c.
三、seem常用于由as if/though引导的从句中，如：
a) It seems