四川省泸县第四中学2019-2020学年高二英语下学期期中试题.doc

四川省泸县第四中学2019-2020学年高二英语下学期期中试题

四川省泸县第四中学2019-2020学年高二英语下学期期中试题

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四川省泸县第四中学2019-2020学年高二英语下学期期中试题（含解析）
注意事项：
1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。
3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节 （共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例：How much is the shirt?
A. £19.15. B. £9.18. C. £9.15.
答案是C。
1. Which sport will the boy play on Wednesdays?
A. Basketball. B. Football. C. Tennis.
2. Where is the man’s hometown?
A. To the north of San Francisco. B. To the south of San Francisco. C. To the east of Los Angeles.
3. What are the speakers talking about?
A. A noisy night. B. Their life in town. C. A place of living.
4. What class does the woman want to sign up for?
A. German. B. Spanish. C. French.
5. How many children are there in the classroom?
A. Seven. B. Five. C. Twelve.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What do we know about the man’s wife?
A. She likes reading very much. B. She’s counting the days. C. She will visit some old friends.
7. Where did the woman probably go last summer?
A. Hawaii. B. Europe. C. Egypt.
听第7段材料，回答第8至9题。
8. What is the woman doing?
A. Making a phone call. B. Seeing a doctor. C. Having class.
9. What will the woman do?
A. Go skydiving. B. Be absent from school. C. Talk to Professor Clark.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. What is the probable relationship between the two speakers?
A. Sister and brother. B. Teacher and student. C. Husband and wife.
11. What does “kids” mean according to this conversation?
A. Boys. B. Children. C. Girls.
12. How many people are there in the house at the moment?
A. Three. B. Five. C. Six.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. What does the woman want to find out?
A. The suitable work for the man. B. The information on building. C. The nearby workplace.
14. What are the man’s interests?
A. Buying and selling things. B. Building and fixing things. C. Repairing and collecting things.
15. What has the man been doing this year?
A. Delivering newspapers. B. Helping build a house. C. Selling advertising space.
16. In which column does the woman write down “sales”?
A. “Education”. B. “Interests”. C. “Experience”.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. What does the woman ask the man to do?
A. Smoke less. B. Put out the cigarette. C. Quit smoking.
18. How old was the man when he started smoking?
A. 15 years old. B. 17 years old. C. 19 years old.
19. What do we know about the man's father?
A. He quit smoking after getting married. B. He died from a disease. C. He had throat cancer.
20. What's the probable relationship between the two speakers?
A. Doctor and patient. B. Strangers. C. Husband and wife.
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Public Gardens
From rich rainforests to dryland gardens, the Hawaiian Islands feature gardens that display plants from nearly every climatic zone. The gardens featured in this leaflet represent a sampling of the botanical wonders you will find throughout the islands.
Kaua'
McBryde Garden
4425 Lawa'i Road
Koloa, Hawaii 96756
[phone]
http://ntbg.org/
Formerly a sugar plantation, McBryde Garden is a green 252-acre valley garden with extensive plantings of palms, native plants, and early Polynesian introductions. McBryde serves as a research and conservation garden and is next door to Allerton Garden. Open daily. Call for hours and admission fees.
Big Island
Akaka Falls State Park
Highway 220
Hilo, Hawaii
Located at the end of Highway 220, just eleven miles west of Hilo, the park's star attraction is its namesake waterfall, plunging more than four hundred feet to a pool below. Green, jungle-like paths snake through the garden, requiring visitors to climb down several steep staircases. An excellent location for an afternoon picnic. Open from dawn to dusk. No entrance fee.
O'ahu
Ho'omaluhia Botanical Garden
45-680 Luluku Road
Kane'ohe, Hawaii 96744
[phone]
http://www.co.honolulu.hi.us/parks/hbg/hmbg.htm
Ho'omaluhia displays plantings from the major tropical regions with a special emphasis on native Hawaiian plants. More than 400 acres of gardens with a jaw-dropping view of the Ko'olau Mountains. Open daily from 9 a. m. to 4 p. m., except some holidays. No entrance fee. Campgrounds with bathroom facilities are provided free of charge. Guided nature hikes are offered.
1. What was McBryde Garden used to be?
A. A popular campsite. B. A sugar plantation.
C. A research facility. D. An ideal place for picnic.
2. Which of the following is the closest in meaning to the underlined word “jaw-dropping”?
A. Shocking. B. Enormous. C. Interesting. D. Extraordinary.
3. What do the gardens listed in the leaflet have in common?
A. All of the gardens open daily throughout the year.
B. None of the gardens charges admission fees.
C. All of the gardens can serve other purposes than a garden for visitors.
D. Visitors can find all the three gardens on the same island.
【答案】1. B 2. D 3. C
【解析】
这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了夏威夷岛上的三个公立花园，包括它们的地址、特色和联系方式等。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章Kaua'下的Formerly a sugar plantation, McBryde Garden is a green 252-acre valley garden (以前是一个甘蔗种植园，McBryde Garden是一个占地252英亩的山谷花园)可知McBryde Garden曾经是个甘蔗种植园。B. A sugar plantation. (一个甘蔗种植园)符合以上说法，故选B项。
【2题详解】
词义猜测题。根据文章O'ahu下的Ho'omaluhia displays plantings from the major tropical regions with a special emphasis on native Hawaiian plants. More than 400 acres of gardens with a jaw-dropping view of the Ko'olau Mountains. Ho'omaluhia可知，该园展示了来自热带地区的植物，尤其是夏威夷本土的植物。超过400英亩的花园，有着jaw-dropping科奥劳山脉景色。结合句意尤其是the Ko'olau Mountains推测划线部分的意思是“令人吃惊的/令人震惊的”。D. Extraordinary. (令人意想不到的/非凡的)符合以上猜测，故选D项。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章Kaua'下的McBryde serves as a research and conservation garden(McBryde作为一个研究和保护公园) ；Big Island Akaka Falls State Park下的 An excellent location for an afternoon picnic (Akaka Falls State Park是一个下午野餐的绝佳场所)和 O'ahu Ho'omaluhia Botanical下的 Garden Guided nature hikes are offered. (Ho'omaluhia Botanical提供导游徒步旅行)可知这三个花园除了参观都有一个另外的特色。C. All of the gardens can serve other purposes than a garden for visitors. (所有花园都可以提供参观以外的其它用途)符合以上说法，故选D项。
B
One of the questions surrounding climate change is how it might affect the food supply for a growing global population. A new study suggests that researchers have been overlooking how two key human responses to climate—how much land people choose to farm, and the number of crops they plant—will affect food production in the future. The new study focused on the Brazilian state of Mato Grosso, an emerging（新兴的）global breadbasket（产粮地区）that as of 2013 supplied 10 percent of the world’s soybeans. The researchers used variations in temperature and precipitation（降水）across the state over an eight-year period to estimate the sensitivity of the region’s agricultural production to climate change. Those historical comparisons can help in making predictions about the sensitivity of agriculture to future climate change.
The study found that, if the patterns from 2002 to 2008 hold in the future, an increase in average temperature in Mato Grosso of just 1 degree will lead to a 9 to 13 percent reduction in overall production of soy and corn. “This is worrisome given that the temperature in the study region is predicted to rise by 2 degrees by 2050,” said Avery Cohn, who led the study.
Most studies of this kind look only at the extent to which climate shocks affect crop output. But researchers can miss critical dynamics（动力）that can affect overall output, says Leah VanWey, one of the study’s senior authors. “If you look at output alone, you’re not looking at all of the information because there are economic and social changes going on as well,” said VanWey.
If output decreases, farmers may put less land area into production because it’s not profitable. Farmers may also vary the number of crops they plant in a growing season. Double cropping is common in Mato Grosso. But if the weather is bad, farmers may change their decision to plant a second crop.
4. The value of the new study lies in _________.
A. increasing the number of crops people plant
B. focusing on an emerging global breadbasket
C. making predictions about human responses to climate change
D. controlling people’s choice of their farming area and crop numbers
5. According to Avery Cohn, by 2050, the overall production of soy and corn will _________.
A. remain almost unchanged B. decrease by more than 9%
C. increase by from 9% to 13% D. decrease by more than 18%
6. What can we know about the similar studies mentioned in paragraph 3?
A. They can’t provide exact information to farmers.
B. They don’t take into consideration some key factors.
C. Their discouraging results largely affect overall crop output.
D. They pay too much attention to economic and social changes.
7. What is the last paragraph mainly about?
A. Farmers’ possible reactions to climate shocks.
B. Possible climate change in Mato Grosso.
C. The benefits of double cropping in Mato Grosso.
D. Farmers’ decision on planting crops in the future.
【答案】4. C 5. D 6. B 7. A
【解析】
本文为说明文，文章主要讲述了气候变化对农业的影响可能被低估。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第一段最后一句Those historical comparisons can help in making predictions about the sensitivity of agriculture to future climate change.可知此研究的意义在于帮助预测农业对未来气候变化的敏感性，即人类对气候变化的反应，所以C正确。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段The study found that, if the patterns from 2002 to 2008 hold in the future, an increase in average temperature in Mato Grosso of just 1 degree will lead to a 9 to 13 percent reduction in overall production of soy and corn. 可知温度升高一度，导致大豆和玉米减产9%-13%。而根据“This is worrisome given that the temperature in the study region is predicted to rise by 2 degrees by 2050,可知道2050年会升高2度，因此，减产量会在18%-26%之间，所以D正确。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第三段But researchers can miss critical dynamics（动力）that can affect overall output, says Leah VanWey, one of the study’s senior authors.可知之前的研究忽视了影响总产量的关键动力，所以B正确。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。根据最后一段三个farmers may 可知此段介绍了如果气候变化，产量减少，农民们可能的反应，所以A正确。
C
Computer scientists have hoped to give robots technical skills to help them recognize, process and react to humor. But these attempts have mostly failed. AI (人工智能) experts say that in many cases, attempts to make robots understand humor end up producing funny results, but not in the way they were supposed to.
Tristan Miller studied more than 10,000 puns (双关语) in one research project. The pun is a kind of joke that uses a word with two meanings. For example, you could say, “Balloons do not like pop music.” The word “pop” can be a way of saying popular music; or can mean the sound a balloon makes when it explodes. But a robot might not get the joke. Tristan Miller says that is because humor is a kind of creative language that is extremely difficult for computer intelligence to understand.
Allison Bishop is a computer scientist and she also performs stand-up comedy. She explained that machines are trained to look for patterns. Comedy, on the other hand, relies on things that stay dose to a pattern, kit not completely within it. To be funny, humor should also not be predictable, Bishop said. This sets a great obstacle for a machine to recognize and understand what is funny.
Bishop says since robots have great difficulty understanding humor, she feels like it gives her better job security as a comedy performer. It even made her parents happy when her brother decided to become a full-time comedy writer because it meant he wouldn’t be replaced by a machine, she added.
Despite the difficulties, Darmstadt University’s Miller says there are good reasons to keep trying to teach humor to robots. It could make machines more relatable, especially if they can learn to understand sarcasm (讽刺), he noted. Humans use sarcasm to say one thing but mean another. But Kiki Hempelmann thinks differently. “Teaching AI systems humor may make them find it where it isn’t, and they may use it where it’s inappropriate,” he said. “Maybe bad AI will start killing people because it thinks something is funny,” he added.
8. What does the author most probably want to show in Paragraph 1?
A. Robots’ influence on the scientific development.
B Robots’ challenges of making sense of humor.
C. Computer scientists’ devotion to technical skills.
D. Computer scientists’ concern about AI’s development.
9. Examples mentioned in Paragraphs 2 and 3 are intended to ___________-.
A. prove robots do poorly in funny work
B. explain robots aren’t as intelligent as humans
C. describe language is complex and changeable
D. show language can’t be taught in a set pattern
10. What does the underlined word “obstacle” in Paragraph 3 mean?
A. Barrier. B. Record.
C. Message. D. Possibility.
11. What can we infer about teaching AI system humor from the last paragraph?
A. It will end up in vain.
B. It may be a double-edged sword.
C. It may help improve humans’ humor.
D. It will attract more computer scientists.
【答案】8. B 9. D 10. A 11. B
【解析】
【分析】
本文是一篇说明文，介绍了教机器人理解幽默存在的挑战以及科学家们对教智能机器人理解幽默的不同观点。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段内容，特别是根据“Computer scientists have hoped to give robots technical skills to help them recognize, process and react to humor. But these attempts have mostly failed.”可知，计算机科学家希望赋予机器人技术技能来帮助他们识别、处理幽默，并且能够对幽默做出反应，但这些尝试大多都失败了，由此可知，在本段作者主要是想说明机器人在理解幽默方面存在不小的挑战，故B项正确。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段的“humor is a kind of creative language that is extremely difficult for computer intelligence to understand”可知，幽默是一种创造性的语言，计算机很难理解，再根据第三段中的“She explained that machines are trained to look for patterns.”可知，她解释说机器是经过训练来寻找模式的，由此可知，这两段的例子是想表明语言不能以模式化的方式习得，故D项正确。
【10题详解】
词义猜测题。根据画线词前的“To be funny, humor should also not be predictable, Bishop said.”可知，毕肖普说，有趣的是，幽默也不应该是可预测的，因此此处是说这给机器识别和理解有趣的东西设置了很大的障碍，由此可知画线词词义为“障碍”，故A项正确。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Darmstadt University’s Miller says there are good reasons to keep trying to teach humor to robots. It could make machines more relatable, especially if they can learn to understand sarcasm (讽刺), he noted.”可知，达姆施塔特大学的米勒说，有很好的理由继续尝试教机器人幽默，他指出，这可能会使机器更具亲和力，特别是如果它们能够学会理解讽刺的话，再根据“But Kiki Hempelmann thinks differently. “Teaching AI systems humor may make them find it where it isn’t, and they may use it where it’s inappropriate,” he said. “Maybe bad AI will start killing people because it thinks something is funny,” he added.”可知，但是Kiki Hempelmann的想法不同，他说：“教授人工智能系统幽默可能会让它们在不合适的地方找到幽默，在不合适的地方使用幽默”，他补充说：“也许坏的人工智能会开始杀人，因为它认为有些事情很有趣”，根据这两位科学家的观点可知，教智能机器人幽默有利有弊，因而是一把双刃剑，故B项正确。
【点睛】本篇第4题推理判断题难度较大，抓住两位科学家的观点是关键，根据最后一段中的“Darmstadt University’s Miller says there are good reasons to keep trying to teach humor to robots. It could make machines