外研版八年级下册+英语M2+Experience课文知识点.doc

M2 Experience课文知识点
1. competition(n.) 比赛 compete with sb for sth 为了sth与sb竞争
competitive(adj.) 有竞争力的 competitor(n.) 竞争者
2. enter 参加(= take part in) ；进入
Eg：I will enter an exam tomorrow.
My father entered the house.
3. kind adj. 善良的，和蔼的 kindness(n.) 善良
n. 种类 a kind of 一种 all kinds of 各种各样
Eg：He is a kind boy and often helps others.
There are all kinds of things in the supermarket.
4. help sb (to) do sth = help sb with sth
improve(v.) 提高，改善 improvement(n.)
Eg：In order to improve my English, my brother helps me with my homework every day.
5. maybe 也许，大概(常放句首)
may be 可能是(常放句中)
Eg：Maybe you are right.
You may be right.
6. win+比赛 赢得…… (win—won—won)
beat+对手(sb) 打败…… (beat—beat—beaten)
Eg：At last, he won the game.
We beat them at chess.
7. the first prize 一等奖 the second prize 二等奖
8. dream of/about doing sth 梦想做sth
afford to do sth 有能力支付做sth
Eg：He dreams of becoming a scientist.
I can’t afford to buy a new computer.
9. Have you ever won any prizes before?
Have/Has sb ever+过去分词+其他? 用于询问sb是否做过sth，回答用yes/no.
Eg：---Have you ever been to Beijing?
---Yes, I have. / ---No, I haven’t.
10. stop to do sth 停止去做sth
doing sth 停止做sth
Eg：Stop talking!
You look tired, why not stop to have a rest?
11. That’s a pity! 太遗憾了!
It is a pity to do sth
that+句子
Eg：It is a pity to fail in the exam.
It was a pity that we missed the wonderful match.
12. mean(v.) 意思是，意味着 mean to do sth= plan to do sth
meaning(n.) 意思 the meaning of…… ……的意思
Eg：Do you mean to go to Hainan Island for holiday this year?
13. 动词不定式to do 结构在句中可以作目的状语之外，还可以作宾语、宾语补足语。
Eg：To catch the bus, I have to get up early.
He decides to study hard this term.
The teacher asks us to take notes in class.
14. Don’t worry! 不要担心! worry 担心；为……担心
worry about=be worried about 担忧
15. make up 编造 make up for 弥补
invite sb to do sth 邀请sb去做sth invitation(n.) 邀请
Eg：My friend invited me to watch movie yesterday.
Did you get an invitation to the party?
16. called=named 被叫做……(过去分词充当定语)
Eg：There is a girl called/named Lucy in my class.
17. although=though 虽然，尽管(不能but连用，但是可以yet连用)
Eg：Although he is not rich, he is very happy.
=Although he is not rich, yet he is very happy.
=He is not rich,, but he is very happy.
18. fifteen-year-old 15岁的(合成形容词，注意名词用单数，中间有“-”)
fifteen yeas old 15岁(注意名词用复数，中间无“-”)
Eg： He is a fifteen-year-old boy.
He is fifteen years old.
We have a three-day holiday.
19. at the moment= now 现在 (常用于一般现在时和现在进行时)
one of +最高级+可数名词复数 ……之一 (谓语动词用单数)
Eg：We are waiting for the bus at the moment.
Luxun is one of the greatest writers in China.
20. move to sp. 搬到sp. work with sb. 与sb一起工作
work for…… 为……工作(for后面通常为公司) send sb. to sp. 把sb送到sp
21. the+姓氏复数 表示“一家人”，作主语时，谓语动词用复数【复习定冠词the的用法】
Eg：The Smiths are having dinner.
22. have been to …… 已经去过……(表示去了已回)
Eg：I have been to Beijing three times.
I have never been to Beijing.
【拓展】have gone to…… 去……(表示去了未回)
Eg：---May I speak to Mr. Li?
---Sorry, he has gone to Shanghai on business.
23. for example (举一例) start/begin to do sth 开始去做sth
such as (可举多例) doing sth 开始做sth
be different from 与……不同 in many ways 在很多方面
24. they find it hard to spell and pronounce the words.
本句中it 作find后的形式宾语，真正的宾语为to spell and pronounce the words.动词还可以是think，suppose等
Eg：I think it boring to play computer games.
【拓展】it除了作形式宾语之外，还可以作形式主语，同时用to do 作真正的主语。
Eg：It is important to learn English well.
25. so far 到目前为止(常跟现在完成时一起用) all over the world 全世界
count down 倒计时 look forward to doing sth (pay attention to doing sth )
26. 交通方式的表达法：
(1) by+交通工具
(2) take the +交通工具(在句中作谓语)
(3) on/in+限定词+交通工具
(4) 动词+to+地点(常见的动词：walk\drive\fly\ride等)
Eg： I go to work by bus.
He usually takes the bus to go home.
I hope more and more people go to work on their bike.
My father drives to work every day.
27. have a wonderful\good\great\nice time=enjoy oneself 玩得开心
Eg：---I’m going to Hainan for holiday tomorrow.
---Have a good time.