论独立学院英语专业学生英语口语学习策略.doc

摘 要

21世纪信息飞速发展，日益频繁的对外交流对每个英语学习者的口语表达能力提出了越来越高的要求。口语表达通常被认为是英语教学的重要部分，因为学习英语的最重要目标是能在真实的环境中用英语与人交流。但是当前在中国，很多学生在经过了差不多十几年的英语学习后，虽然已具有一定的词汇量、语法知识和较强的阅读能力 ,但口头表达能力却较弱，造成了聋哑英语的悲剧。本文从独立学院学生的特点出发，对独立学院英语专业学生的英语口语学习现状进行阐述，论述了提高英语口语的重要性，概括了影响学生英语口语提高的因素，最后提出了提高英语口语的有效方法。
关键词：独立学院; 英语口语; 英语专业学生; 课堂互动; 语言情境

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Table of Contents

Abstract i
摘要 ii
1. Introduction 1
2. Analysis of the Characteristics of Independent College and Its Students 2
2.1 The characteristics of independent college 2
2.2 The characteristics of the students in independent college 2
2.2.1 The poor learning foundation of students in independent college 2
2.2.2 The large psychological gap of students in independent college 3
2.2.3 The strong social ability of students in independent college 3
2.2.4 The great individual differences of student in independent college 3
3. The Importance of Oral English to English Majors in Independent College 4
4. The Situation of Oral English Learning of English Majors in Independent College and Its Reasons 5
4.1 The situation of oral English learning of English majors in independent college 5
4.2 Reasons 5
4.2.1 The neglect of “speaking” in English evaluation mechanism 5
4.2.2 The student’s psychology of inferiority and shyness 6
4.2.3 Lack of a good language environment 6
5. The Strategies of Improving English Majors’ Oral English in Independent College 7
5.1 Strengthening the teacher-student interaction in English class 7
5.1.1 Connotation of teacher-student interaction in English class 7
5.1.2 Characteristics of teacher-student interaction in English class 7
5.1.3 The strategies of teaching model of teacher-student interaction in English class 8
5.2 Creating relaxed and pleasant context for oral English training 8
5.2.1 Strengthening the emotional education between teachers and students to eliminate psychological barriers and grasp the scale of assessment 9
5.2.2 Taking full use of the situations of interesting performance 10
5.3 Interest training in oral English teaching 10
5.3.1 Initiating the motivation to learn and developing interest in learning 11
5.3.2 Observing and summarizing interesting teaching methods to encourage students to acquire knowledge pleasantly 11
6. Conclusion 12
References 13
Acknowledgements 14

Analysis of the Strategies of English Majors’ Oral Language Learning in Independent College
1. Introduction
Independent college is different from the national top university. First of all, independent college itself is facing with many difficulties, both in terms of hardware equipment of teaching, teaching management, curriculum setting and other aspects. What’s more, the basic foundation of oral English of students in independent college is relatively poor. However, we all know that the goal of English department is to cultivate practical talents of foreign language who directly service to our economic society. Generally, oral English teaching is considered as an important part, because the most important goal of learning English is to communicate with people in English in a real environment. It means that during English teaching teachers should not only pay attention to the basic knowledge of language, but also stress the practical application of language ability. In fact, as English majors what they most want to master in college is the oral English skills, and most of them have a strong motivation and positive attitude to master it. But in independent college, on the oral English teaching class, because of the over number of students, limited hours, lack of multimedia equipment, unpractical teaching materials and other reasons, most teachers are still use the way of teaching the integrated English course to lead students to learn new words, read the dialogues, and practice with classmate. The students of independent college are more special than those who are in the national top university. They not only have the contemporary college students’ common features, but have more distinctive particularity. Grasping the characteristics of these students accurately and using effective classroom teaching methods and strategies will definitely improve the quality of the student training in independent college and will develop the social reputation of the school. What’s more, it has great significance to maintain healthy development of independent college.
According to the characteristics of independent college and its students, this thesis describes their current situation of learning oral English and discusses the importance of the oral English. At last, this thesis puts forward effective ways to improve oral English.

2. The Characteristics of Independent College
2.1 Analysis of the characteristics of the students in independent college

Since the 1990s of the 20th century, many universities use their own strengths to cooperate with enterprises to produce a number of independent colleges. The enrollment of Independent Colleges is on the basis of a unified plan enrollment of the participation in the national college entrance examination and as the way of the third batch to enroll students through the provinces and cities where these independent colleges are in. Independent college is different from the national top university. The goal of the independent college is to "cultivating the application of talents' innovative spirit and practical ability" which is different from public universities and vocational academy. However, Independent Colleges facing many difficulties, both in terms of hardware equipment of teaching, teaching management, curriculum setting and other aspects which are unsatisfying, such as the quality of students, and exist a big gap compares with the public universities. The power of teacher qualification in independent college is also quite weak. There are three main sources of the teachers in independent college: first, the retired teachers from the parent university of the independent college, and this part of teachers have rich teaching experience. Second, the part-time teachers from the parent university or other universities and institutions, and this part of the teachers are the main teaching body in independent college. Third, the newly undergraduates recruited by the independent college. As the part-time teacher is the main teaching body. This situation of fewer teachers determines the total lack of teachers in independent college. The team of teachers is unstable and most of them are young teachers and retired teachers, with the feature of lack of backbone. Among these deficiencies, the quality of students affects the teaching efficiency in particular. The students of independent colleges are more special among college students. They both possess contemporary college students’ common features, and more distinctive particularity. Grasp the characteristics of these students accurately and select effective classroom teaching methods and strategies to improving the quality of the training of the students in independent colleges and social reputation of the schools. What’s more, it has great significance to promote the healthy development of independent colleges.

2.2 Analysis of the characteristics of the students in independent college

2.2.1 The poor learning foundation of students in independent college
The students in independent colleges are admitted from the third batch of enrollment of the national college entrance examination. About the admission score, there is a large gap between them and the first and second batches students. The basis of their learning ability is relatively poor, the initiative and enthusiasm to learn is not so strong and the willing to learn is quite weak, such as word processing ability, verbal expression, etc. All these aspects have shown an obvious deficiency. Although part of students in independent college have higher consciousness to learn, most students still have poor self-discipline, and poor study habits. Many students do not develop habits of active learning, attention to class and timely review, extensive reading and so on. A lot of students are offensive to teachers’ assignments and classroom questions. Thus the implementation of teaching to the students of independent colleges is relatively difficult.

2.2.2 The large psychological gap of students in independent college
The national college entrance examination scores of the students in independent college are low. They can not look squarely at their own national college entrance examination scores. And their minds have a certain ideological inferiority and high tuition fees have caused them a certain amount of psychological pressure. Thus they often look back, then generate negative situation of self-pity. Some students are full of longing before they entrance college. However, they are quite disappointed after they discover the mysterious veil of actual college life. With the gradual disappearance of the original freshness and without the strict supervision of parents and teachers in high school stage, their goals go blank, then generate psychological gap, and gradually lose interest in learning.

2.2.3 The strong social ability of students in independent college
Although the student’s learning ability in independent college is not as well as the student’s in top university，but they have their own advantages. A considerable number of students come from a wealthy family, and they have a superior life since their childhood. They also have wider knowledge about the world. Many students have wide range of interest, and are quite multi-talented. Students in independent college have a quick mind, good at going out of school. Thus they have a strong ability of social interaction and adaptation. Many students have a strong ability of social practice that they can autonomously associate sponsors for various competitions, evening and other activities at school, and successfully obtain funding to solve the activities funds problem.

2.2.4 The great individual differences of student in independent college
The students in independent college have a large gap at the aspects of learning attitude, learning foundation, learning ability and family economic status, etc. Some students have better grades in high school, but suffer a setback at the national college entrance examination. They appreciate the learning opportunities very much after entered into college. Many of them determine to take part in the entrance exams for postgraduate schools. However, some of them are forced by their parents to go to college. Most of the students come from a family which have quite favorable economic conditions, but also there are a certain amount of students who earn a living by doing part-time jobs and hard to pay enough tuition fees.
In short, under the combined effect of various factors, the students form their own distinctive features. And teachers should be good at using a variety of incentives during teaching process in the classroom to mobilize the learning enthusiasm of the students.

3. The Importance of Oral English to English Majors
in Independent College
English is the international language. Oral English is essential in the exchange and communication in contemporary society. What the English department cultivates is the practical talents of foreign language for the students who can directly service to our economic society. Mastering oral English equals to mastering a survival skill. To a certain extent, the ability of oral English determines the future employment and development. The level of the ability of oral English impacts other aspects obviously: a good speaking ability, strong self-confidence of students. Naturally, they will be interested in English a lot, and indirectly affects the ability of other aspects of English learning, such as reading, writing and translation; Students with good speaking ability after graduate have broad range of employment options, especially in foreign trade companies. Under the situation of students’ minor differences in their professional learning, company will give priority consideration to the students who master good speaking English. Thus we can see, oral English plays a vital role to English majors’ English learning and employment.

4. The Situation of Oral English Learning of English Majors
in Independent College and Its Reasons
4.1 The situation of oral English learning of English majors in independent college

Many surveys of the current situation of oral English learning of English majors in independent college show that what they most want to master in college is the oral English skills, and most of them have a strong motivation and positive attitude to master it. But in independent college, on the oral English teaching class, because of the over number of students, limited hours, lack of multimedia equipment, unpractical teaching materials and other reasons, most teachers are still use the way of teaching the integrated English course to lead students to learn new words, read the dialogues, and practice with classmate. In oral English class, the foreign teacher uses all English during class, but as the English level of students is low, they can not understand; and the students can not open their mouth to speak when conducting oral communication, thus it is hard to continue the teaching. Also students can not adapt to teacher’s all English teaching, can not communicate with the teacher. Once in oral English class, they will be very nervous, afraid of the teacher raising questions, then generate anxious psychology to learning English. Furthermore, for a long time, the characteristics of English teaching in China emphasize the passive way of learning to memorize and train mechanically. Very few of students could through their own activities and practices to construct and develop their own knowledge. Students under the long-term of learning in such a passive way, seriously hinders the physical and mental development of the students and affects the interest of students in learning English which making English learning becomes boring and lead to the students lack of enthusiasm, initiative to learn English. Schools do not realize the ultimate goal of learning English is to communicate, but to meet the test. Some students could get high marks often, but it is difficult to let him say a few words in English fluently.

4.2 Reasons

4.2.1 The neglect of “speaking” in English evaluation mechanism
Although the importance of English have been gradually recognized, all kinds of examinations at all levels still pay no attention to oral tests, especially in today's college entrance examination doesn’t have oral English test. This situation is impossible to fundamentally shake the deep-rooted tradition of thinking highly of reading and writing, and neglecting