英语专业八级人文知识练习题及答案.doc

(完整word)英语专业八级人文知识练习题及答案
美国概况
练习题:qbB中国英语学习网
1 The traditional dividing line in America between “east” and “west” is_____.qbB中国英语学习网
2 The earliest part in America to be found and taken over by early settlers is ____.qbB中国英语学习网
3 The largest racial group in the whole population of U。S。A is____。qbB中国英语学习网
4 Before 2000， the largest minority group in the United States is____.qbB中国英语学习网
5 ____has the world's oldest written constitution and political party。qbB中国英语学习网
6 The economic problem caused by the depression in 1929 was eventually solved by____.qbB中国英语学习网
7 In the United States, primary education requires____years.qbB中国英语学习网
8 Most college students in the United States are in____institutions。qbB中国英语学习网
9 The three main levels of courts of the federal judicial system in America are____________。qbB中国英语学习网
10 _____(which state ）is not governed by the common law。

练习题答案及题解:
1. The Mississippi River, 密西西比河是美国传统的东方和西方的分界线.qbB中国英语学习网
2 。The Atlantic and Gulf Coastal Plain,最早被早期定居者发现和占领的地方是大西洋及其沿岸平原.qbB中国英语学习网
3 .Non—hispanics white， 非西班牙裔的白人是美国最大的种族群体。qbB中国英语学习网
4 .African Americans, 2000年以前非裔美国人是美国最大的少数民族群体。2000年以后，拉丁裔美国人的人数超过了非裔美国人的人数，成为美国第一大少数民族群体.qbB中国英语学习网
5 .America， 美国拥有世界上最古老的宪法和政党。qbB中国英语学习网
6。 World War II， 第二次世界大战的爆发帮助美国走出了经济困境。qbB中国英语学习网
7. Six years， 美国的小学要花费大约六年的时间.qbB中国英语学习网
8. Public， 大部分美国大学生都在公立学校就读.qbB中国英语学习网
9 。美国的联邦法院系统包括：the United States District Courts; the United States Courts of Appeal ; the United States Supreme Court. qbB中国英语学习网
10 。Louisana， 路易斯安娜州不受共同法的约束。

美国概况
练习题：
1 Of the fifty states of America, _____states now have the death penalty as punishment.
2 The four major regions of the United Sates are________________________________.
3 ______ region's culture character was shaped largely by Puritan spirit.
4 ______is the largest state in terms of size and population in America.
5＂Hollywood＂is often used as a synonym for_____
6 The most important and largest river in the United States of America is_____。
7 The north-eastern part of the United States ――New England enjoys a _____climate.
8 To the west of mainland American lies the _____ Ocean.
9 Detroit, a U.S。 city bordering Lake Erie, is famous for its_____。
10 The natives of the continent of the America are the_____.
练习题答案及题解：
1． 38, 美国现有38个州惩罚罪犯采用死刑。
2 ．Northeast， South, Midwest and West， 美国的主要四大部分不包括北部.
3． The New England Region, 美国的新英格兰地区， 也就是东北部地区深受清教思想的影响.
4 ．California,加利福尼亚州是美国最大的州，拥有人口也最多。
5 ．American films,好莱坞是美国著名的电影制造地.
6． the Mississippi River，美国最长的河流是密西西比河，也是美国最重要的一条河流。被美国人视为“众河之父”,沿河流域也是美国的主要农作物产区。
7 ．typical continental,美国东北部的新英格兰地区是典型的大陆性气候。冬天寒冷，夏天炎热.
8 ．Pacific Ocean， 美国东临大西洋,西濒太平洋,北接加拿大，南靠墨西哥及墨西哥湾。
9 ．automobile industry， 底特律是美国著名的汽车城。
10 ．Indians， 美国的本土居民是当地的印第安人.

美国概况
练习题：
1 ．_____is the largest city and the chief port of the United States.
A ．Washington D.C　　　B ．Los Angeles　　　 C． San Francisco 　　　　D ．New York City
2． _____ enjoys the worst social and economic conditions.
A． Blacks 　　　　　　　B ．Hispanics 　　　　C． Indians 　　　　　　　D． Asian Americans
3 ．Washington D.C。 is named after___________.
A． the U.S。 President George Washington
B ．Christopher Columbus
C ．both George Washington and Christopher Columbus
D ．none of them
4 ．American and British English are two_____ of the English language。
A． varieties B． elements C． parts D． form
5． The first American president to be elected from the Republican Party was______。
A ．Thomas Jefferson　B． James Monroe　C． James Madison D ．Abraham Lincoln
6 ．Of the fifty states， the smallest state in area is_____。
A． Rhode Island B ．Virginia C． Texas D ．Montana
7． The national flag of the United States is known as_____.
A． the Star-Spangled Banner B ．Uncle Sam C ．Hot Dog D ．Union Jack
8． The number of the Representatives from each American state depends on the _____.
A ．contribution a state has made to the nation
B． population
C． size
D． none of the above
9 ．The tern “Father of Waters" is used to refer to _____。
A． the Amazon River B． the Mississippi River C． the Nile River D． the Hudson River
10 The statue of liberty was given to American people by_____ as a gift in 1884.
A． France　　B． Spain　　C ．Italy D ．Britain
练习题答案及题解:
1 ．D, 纽约是美国最大的城市同时也是最重要的经济中心和最主要的港口。
2． A, 黑人在美国的经济和社会地位都最为低下。
3 ．C， 首都命名为华盛顿是为了纪念美国的第一任总统乔治•华盛顿,而联邦直辖区命名为哥伦比亚特区是为了纪念第一位从欧洲横渡大西洋到达西半球的探险家克里斯多拂•哥伦布.
4． A, 美国英语和英国英语是英语语言的两种变体。
5． D, 美国历史上的第一位共和党总统是亚伯拉罕•林肯。
6． A， 美国国土面积最小的是罗得岛。
7 ．A， 美国的国旗是星条旗.
8． B， 美国每个州派往众议院的代表人数应与本州人口成比例.
9 ．B, 美国的“众河之父”指的是密西西比河。
10． A, 美国的自由女神像是法国人赠予的礼物。
英国概况
练习题：
1 Britain was the first country to industrialize because of the following factors except _____。
A Britain was well placed geographically to participate in European and world trade.
B Britain had many rivers， which were useful for transport。
C British engineers had sound training and the inventors were respected。
D British government was increasingly interested in overseas and colonies after the 17th century.
2 The United Kingdom is a constitutional monarchy。 The _____ has very little power.
A queen B monarch C prime minister D king
3 Which party has always had strong links with the trade unions and received financial support from them？
A the Labor Party B the Conservative Party
C the Liberal Party D the Social Democratic Party
4 On accepting ____， the age of constitutional monarchy, of a monarchy with powers limited by Parliament, began。
A Constitutional Law B The Declaration of Independence
C Civil Law D Bill of Rights
5 Females were allowed to vote in national elections until ____。
A 1918 B 1916 C 1920 D 1896
6 The British North America Act of 1867 established ____ as a domain。
A Australia B Canada C New Zealand D India
7 During World War II, as a war leader, _____ received massive popular support and led his country to final victory in 1945.
A Harold Wilson B Edward Heath C Franklin Roosevelt D Winston Churchill
8 The Falkland Islands war was between Britain and _____。
A France B New Zealand C Argentina D Australia
9 In Britain， a _____ is held when a Member of Parliament dies， retires or resigns。
A civic election B by—election C popular election D general election
10 In the United Kingdom, ministers are appointed by the Queen on the recommendation of _____。
A the Lord Chancellor B the Monarch C the Prime Minister D the King

练习题答案及题解：
1 D， 英国之所以能成为世界上最早开始工业化的国家,原因有很多。但英国是从17世纪以后逐步开始对海外贸易和开拓海外殖民地产生浓厚兴趣的。
2 B， 英国是君主立宪制国家,国王或女王（君主）几乎没什么实质性的权力。
3 A, 保守党和自由党是英国最早成立的两个党派。大致来说,保守党是中上层阶级的党,它得到大公司财政上的支持；而工党，主要得到工会的支持，它的支持者主要是中产阶级和知识分子。
4 D， 《权利法案》的签署，标志着英国进入了君主立宪制时代，一个君主几乎没有什么实质性权力并受制于议会的时代。
5 A, 直到1918年妇女才在全国大选中享有选举权。
6 B, 《1867年英国北美法案》将加拿大纳为它的自治领.
7 D， 在第二次世界大战中，当时的英国首相丘吉尔作为战争统帅受到了英国人民的广泛拥戴，并带领英国人民赢得了战争的最后胜利。
8 C, 福克兰群岛战役是发生在英国和阿根廷着这两个国家之间。位于大西洋南部的福克兰群岛从1892年起就是英国的海外殖民地，1982年阿根廷开始控制这些岛屿，但是英国最终打败了阿根廷,并重新占领了这些岛屿。
9 B, 英国的下院议会成员中有人去世、退休或辞职时，就要进行补缺选举。
10 C， 在英国,部长们是由首相推荐，女王加以任命的。

英国概况 
练习题： 
1 How many members are there in the House of Commons?
A 650 B 524 C 72 D 651
2 Which of the following people didn't use to be the British Prime Minister?
A Margaret Thatcher B Winston Churchill C Horatio Nelson D John Major
3 By tradition， the leader of the majority party is appointed _____ by the Sovereign in the United Kingdom。
A Prime Minister B Member of Parliament 
C Lord of appeal D Speaker of the House
4 The Tories were the forerunners of _____, which still bears this nickname today.
A the Labour Party B the Conservative Party
C the Liberal Party D the Social Democratic Party
5 In the United Kingdom, the party which wins the ____ number of seats in the House of Commons becomes the official Opposition.
A largest B second largest C third largest D fourth largest
6 The term “British disease” is now often used to characterize Britain's _____ decline.
A political B educational C military D economic
7 The 1980s was remembered as the decade of _____.
A globalization B nationalization C privatization D competition
8 Today， in Britain, ______ is called a “sick” industry。
A coal mining B iron and steel C textiles D shipbuilding
9 The first steam engine was devised by Thomas Newcomer at the end of the 17th century， and the Scottish inventor ____ modified and improved the design in 1765. A　Abraham Darby B James Watt C John Kay D Richard Arkwrightthe
10 _____ created the industrial working class， the proletariat， and it later led to trade unionism.
A The Chartist Movement B The Industrial Revolution 
C The French Revolution D The Glorious Revolution

练习题答案及题解：
1 D, 下议院共有651名议员。
2 C， 撒切尔夫人，丘吉尔和梅杰都曾经做过英国首相；而纳尔逊（1758-1805)，英国海军统帅，因作战负伤，右眼失明，失去右臂。后任地中海舰队司令，在特法尔加角海战中大败西班牙联合舰队,本人受重伤阵亡，号称 Viscount Nelson。
3 A, 在英国,按照传统，多数党的领导人由君主任命为首相，首相从本党内部挑选一些领导人担任各部部长职位。
4 B， 托利党是英国保守党的前身。
5 B, 在英国,在下议院中赢得第二席位的政党为反对党，它也有它自己的领导和影子内阁(shadow cabinet）。
6 D， 现在“英国病"这一术语经常用来指英国经济上的衰退。
7 C, 正如20世纪40年代被看作是国有化的时代一样，20世纪80年代被看作是私有化的时代.包括英国石油、航空、钢铁、电讯在内的几乎40％ 的国有公司实现了私有化。
8 A, 英国煤矿业被称为生病工业。英国的煤产量在一战前达到顶点，如今的英国的煤矿业衰退，从而导致矿工的数量、煤矿的总产量大大下降。
9 B， 第一台蒸汽机是 Thomas Newcomer 在17世纪末设计的，后来苏格兰发明家瓦特在1765年对原有的设计进行了改进提高，生产出了第一台高效的蒸汽机并应用到纺织和其他机械业中.
10 B, 工业革命产生了工人阶级，即无产阶级.后来形成了工会制度。
英国概况 MXm中国英语学习网
练习题：  MXm中国英语学习网
1 _____ is the key to Industrial Revolution. MXm中国英语学习网
A Iron B Cotton Textile C Coal mining D Steam engine MXm中国英语学习网
2 _____ became a literary current during the period of the successful Industrial Revolution。 MXm中国英语学习网
A Criticism B Modernism C Romanticism D Renaissance MXm中国英语学习网
3 Modern football game began in _____. MXm中国英语学习网
A China B France C England D Germany MXm中国英语学习网
4 _____ is the leader of the British government. MXm中国英语学习网
A Prime Minister B Queen C President D Governor MXm中国英语学习网
5 The second largest city in England, _____ ， is a metropolitan district and an industrial and manufacturing city。 MXm中国英语学习网
A Edinburgh B Belfast C Glasgow D Birmingham MXm中国英语学习网
6 _____ introduced Christianity into Britain. MXm中国英语学习网
A The Celts B The Romans C The Viking Danes D The French MXm中国英语学习网
7 The real power of the British government lies in _____. MXm中国英语学习网
A the House of Commons MXm中国英语学习网
B the cabinet headed by the Prime Minister MXm中国英语学习网
C the Prime Minister MXm中国英语学习网
D the Queen MXm中国英语学习网
8 In Britain， education is compulsory for children between the ages of _____ to _____. MXm中国英语学习网
A 5, 14 B 6, 17 C 5, 16 D 6, 14 MXm中国英语学习网
9 The longest river in Britain is _____ , and the largest river in the USA is _____。 MXm中国英语学习网
A the Seven River; the Missouri River MXm中国英语学习网
B the Thames River; the Missouri River MXm中国英语学习网
C the Severn River； the Mississippi MXm中国英语学习网
D the Thames River； the Ohio River MXm中国英语学习网
10 The general election in Britain is held every ____ years。 MXm中国英语学习网
A four B three C six D five
练习题答案及题解: MXm中国英语学习网
1 B， 纺织业的改革是英国工业革命的主要成就之一. MXm中国英语学习网
2 C， 工业革命时期的主要文学流派是浪漫主义。 MXm中国英语学习网
3 C， 现代的足球运动起源于英国。 其正宗的老家在英格兰，19世纪兴起。 MXm中国英语学习网
4 A, 英国的政体是君主立宪制。 国王（女王）是国家元首,但政府的首领为首相。 MXm中国英语学习网
5 D， 英国的第二大城市伯明翰位于英格兰中部平原，是国际化大都市，也是英国的工业和制造业中心. MXm中国英语学习网
6 B, 公元43年，罗马人占领英国，其后统治了400多年。基督徒就是在这一时期由罗马人传入英国的。 MXm中国英语学习网
7 B, 君主立宪制下，国王的作用更侧重于其象征意义，而实权为内阁所有,内阁由首相率领。 MXm中国英语学习网
8 C， 英国的教育体系中的义务教育阶段是5—16岁，这是每一位学生在学校学习的最低年限。 MXm中国英语学习网
9 C， 英国最长的河是塞文河,全长355公里，美国最长的河是密西西比河, 长4000公里左右. MXm中国英语学习网
10 D， 英国大选每5年举行一次.

英国概况 pqB中国英语学习网
1.Which of the following tribes first came to Britain？ pqB中国英语学习网
A Roman B Anglo-Saxons C Jutes D Celts pqB中国英语学习网
2.The Hundred Years' War between Britain and France was fought ____. pqB中国英语学习网
A from 1327 to 1453 B from 1337 to 1453 pqB中国英语学习网
C from 1347 to 1453 C from 1357 to 1453 pqB中国英语学习网
3.The Republic of Ireland became independent in the year ____ pqB中国英语学习网
A 1918 B 1920 C 1945 D 1949 pqB中国英语学习网
4。The English Civil War is also called ____ pqB中国英语学习网
A the Puritan Revolution B the second Magna Carta C the Long Parliament D the Anglican War pqB中国英语学习网
5。Britain is separated from the rest of Europe by the English Channel in the ____ and the North Sea in the east， pqB中国英语学习网
A east B south C west D north pqB中国英语学习网
6。The largest lake in Britain is ____. pqB中国英语学习网
A. Loch Lomond B the Lough Neagh C Windermere D Ullswater pqB中国英语学习网
7.Where do the majority of people in Scotland live？ pqB中国英语学习网
A In the Highlands B In the central Lowlands C In the Uplands D In the west of Scotland pqB中国英语学习网
8.In Britain only about ____ of the population are farmers but they manage 70％ of the land area。 pqB中国英语学习网
A 2% B 3% C 4% D 5％ pqB中国英语学习网
9。The two important crops in Britain are ____ pqB中国英语学习网
A barley and corn B wheat and rice C barley and oats D wheat and barley pqB中国英语学习网
10。In Britain， children from the age of 5 to 16 ____ pqB中国英语学习网
A can legally receive partly free education pqB中国英语学习网
B can legally receive completely free education pqB中国英语学习网
C can not receive free education at all pqB中国英语学习网
D can not receive free education if their parents are rich pqB中国英语学习网
答案 pqB中国英语学习网
1.D 凯尔特在公元前700年到英国，罗马人在公元1到5世纪统治英国，5世纪中期盎格鲁撒克逊人侵占英国，因此凯尔特人是最早踏入英国的。 pqB中国英语学习网
2.B 英法百年战争爆发于1337年到1453年间，中间还发生了黑死病。 pqB中国英语学习网
3。D 爱尔兰共和国在1949年独立。 pqB中国英语学习网
4.A 英国内战于1642年到1646年间发生,国王查尔斯与议会发生争执，实际上是国王与清教徒之间的矛盾引起的，结果议会胜利。 pqB中国英语学习网
5.B 英国南面与法国隔着英吉利海峡。 pqB中国英语学习网
6.B 英国最大的湖是内伊湖，最长的河流是塞文河。 pqB中国英语学习网
7。B 苏格兰中低部适合人类生存，是苏格兰工业和人高度集中的地区。 pqB中国英语学习网
8。A 由于英国农作业时的高度机械化,只需利用全国2%的人口来耕作大面积农地。 pqB中国英语学习网
9.D 小麦和大麦是英国最重要的庄稼。 pqB中国英语学习网
10.B 英国的义务教育是从5岁到16岁，所以期间的教育全部免费.

练习题：
1 Which of the following is the British oldest daily newspaper?
A The Telegraph B The Guardian C The News of the World D The Times
2 The river Thames is in _____。
A Wales B Scotland C England D Northern Ireland
3 The Industrial Revolution started in _____。
A the Great Britain B the United States C Canada D Austrilia
4 Which of the following is true under Thatcher’s administration？
A The proportion of owner-occupation decreased.
B Public housing became more important。
C Many public houses were sold to people。
D The UK became more European-like in its housing arrangement.
5 Britain has its nuclear naval force since _____.
A it’s one of the developed countries in the world
B it's a traditional sea power
C it has an advanced industry
D it’s able to produce submarines
6 Which of the following is the oldest national Sunday newspaper in Britain?
A The Times B The Guardian C The Observer D The Financial Times
7 Big Ben was named after _____。
A Christopher Wren B Benjamin Hall C Ben John D G。 Stephenson
8 The Capital of Wales is _____。
A Swansea B Cardiff C Rhonda D Belfast
9 _____ is England’s biggest naval base。
A Portsmouth B Southampton C Plymouth D Dover
10 There are two major national parties in Britain： the Conservative party and _____.
A the Liberal Party B the Democratic Party
C the Labour Party D the Republican Party
练习题答案及题解:
1 D， 英国历史上最悠久的日报是《泰晤士报》。
2 C, 泰晤士河位于英格兰。
3 A， 工业革命最早从英国开始。
4 C, 1979年撒切尔夫人成为英国第一任女首相.她提出的政策称被为“撒切尔主义”。其内容包括国有企业私有化,采用货币主义政策以控制通货膨胀，削弱工会的影响,加强市场因素在经济中的作用,将公有住房卖给公众,强调法律和秩序。在一定程度上讲，她的计划是成功