初中英语常用近义词及词组.doc

初中英语首字母填空常混淆近义词 
1. ability n. 能力，本领，技巧to do sth。 
   capability n. 才能，可能性，性能 to do/of doing sth。  
 capacity n. 容量，潜能，智能to do/for doing sth。  
 2. able adj. 能干的，有能力的to do sth。   
capable adj. 能胜任的，有可能的of doing sth。 
  competent adj. 能胜任的，(知识技术)过硬的~ to do/for sth。  
 qualified adj. 符合资格/条件的for sth./in doing sth。  
 3. absence n. 缺席，不在，缺乏(证据，理由)   
lack n. 缺少，没有(信心，经验)  
 want n. 需要，缺乏(知识，关心)   
4. accept vt. 接受(可拒绝)
   receive vt. (无法拒绝地)收到   
5. accident n. 意外事故，灾祸
   incident n. 事件，事变，(政治)事端 
  event n. 大事，重大事件
   occurrence n. 偶然发生之事   
6. accomplish vt. 完成 
   achieve vt. 获得(成就) 
  attain vt. 达到(目标) 
 7. accordingly adv. (自然而平常的因果)于是，据此 
  consequently adv. (未必必然之)结果，因此(=as a result) 
hence adv. (为强调前因之)因而，所以，这样(thus) 
  therefore adv. (作为必然结果/结论)因此(because of this)   
8. accurate adj. (话、计算等)准确，精确的
   exact adj. (数字、细节)与事实/标准相符的，确切的
   precise adj. 精确严密的，严谨无误的   
9. accuse v. 控告(sb. of…)
   charge v. 控告(sb. with…)
   scold v. 责备(sb. for…)
   sentence v. 判处徒刑(sb. for…) 
10. acknowledge v. 公开承认(本来否认之事) a secret
   admit v. 不情愿、被迫承认(真实性) a statement
   confess v. 认错，招供(to)； a crime   
11. adapt vt. 使(有能力)适应(新环境、条件)
   adjust vt. (调整以)适应，调节(机器、仪器)
   regulate vi. 校正，调节(温度、速度)；控制 
 12. adequate adj. (相对于某一标准的)足够的，适当的
   enough adj. (相对于愿望、要求的)足够的 
  sufficient adj. (相对于实际需要的)足够的，充分的   
13. adhere vi 坚持(原则等to)
   insist vi 坚持(观点等 on, that)
   persist vi 坚持(行动等 in)   persevere vi. 持之以恒 
  stick vi 坚持，粘着(原先的立场、主张、承诺等~ to)   
14. advise v. 建议，忠告 
counsel n. v. (审慎而正式)忠告，顾问   
15. area n. (与面积相关的)地区，区域 
   region n. (与某天然色、气候相关的)地区，大行政区
zone n. (与地理上、军事、政治、商业等相关的)区
   district n 行政划分的区(比region小)，(市内的)区 
 16. affect vt. (直接，有形的；不良的，情感的)影响
   influence vt. (潜移默化地)影响
   impact vt. 冲击，(巨大地)影响   
17. aid v. (急需的、经济等方面的)援助
    assist v. (辅助、次要的)协助，起助手作用
    help v. (精神、物质上)帮助(以达到某种目的)   
18. aim n. (军事，体育)目的，目标，明确的奋斗目标
   goal n. (长期努力的)目标，终点 
  objective n. (具体、直接、很快可达到的)目标，目的
   purpose n. 意图，目的 
19. allow v. (不加阻止、默许)准许，许可 sb. to do, for 
  permit v. (正式而严肃的)允许，准许 sb. to do, doing sth。   
20. alter v. (局部、尺寸等)改变 a dress改制衣服
   change v. (通用词)变化，改变a dress换衣服
   convert v. (本质、信仰等)转变 sb./sth. into 
   shift vt. 变换(档，速，位置)；(并非出于自愿的)改变，更换，转移
   transfer vt. 搬迁，调动；改转(车票等)   vary vi. (一定范围内)变动，变化 
21. amaze v. (=surprise greatly)使愕然
   astonish v. (对无法理解、解释之事的)震惊   surprise v. 使吃惊 
22. answer v. 回答(问题)，接(电话)，(对敲门等的)答应
   reply v. (正式、书面的)答复that…, to …  
respond vi. (口头或行动上的)响应，反应 to   
23. apparatus n. (与某职业相关的)仪器、器械
   appliance n. (常s)电器 
  equipment n. (不可数)设备，装备
   implement n. (大型)工具，(农)具，器具
   instrument n. 精密仪器，乐器 
24. apparent adj. 表面的，明显的(←appear)
   distinct adj. 与众不同的，清楚的(→distinctive)
   evident adj. 有证据表明的，显然的(←evidence)
   obvious adj. 显而易见的   
25. appear vi. (事物)出现
    arise v. (问题等)出现
    emerge vi. (从…冒出)from…   happen vi. 发生，碰巧 
  occur vi. 发生，想起to do sth
   take place vi. (依据安排等)进行，发生
初中英语首字母填空常混淆近义词组
（一）
(A) 用所给的词组填空。
as fast as possible             at the same time        as usual               at least  
at the beginning of     at times                       at once                at the head of
at the top of               at most                       at first                  at last
1.      I can pay only fifty pounds _______________.
2.      _______________ my mother lets me watch TV in the evening.
3.      The two runners reached the finishing line _______________.
4.      It was late for school. Li Lei ran _______________.
5.      She would go home, _______________, for Christmas.
6.      If you find any mistakes, tell me _______________.
7.      _______________ he knew the meaning of the text.
8.      The exam will begin _______________ June.
9.      _______________ he was a little shy in class, but now he is active.
10.  Mary graduated _______________ her class.
11.  There were _______________ a hundred people in the hall.
12. There was snow _______________ the mountains.

(B) 用所给的词组填空。
how long        how soon            how far         how often
how much      how many            how deep     how old
1.      --- __________ do you go to Beijing? --- Once a year.
2.      --- __________ do you want to go to Beijing again? --- I can’t wait to.
3.      --- __________ is it from Nanjing to Beijing? --- About 1,157 kilometers.
4.      --- __________ have you been a League member? --- Three years.
5.      --- __________ will Mr Green come back to Beijing? --- In three years.
6.      --- __________ kilos of milk was produced on the farm in 2001? --- 48,400 kilos.
7.      --- __________ is the Lake, do you know? --- It’s about 1,600 meters deep, I think.
8.      --- __________ was he last year?--- Ten.

(C) 用所给的词组填空。
in the day             instead of             in English             in the future
in fact                   in time                 in this way          in the open air
1.      I’ll go to see her _______________ you.
2.      No one knows what will happen _______________.
3.      No one believed it, but, _______________ Mary did get an A in maths.
4.      The sun comes out _______________ and the moon comes at night.
5.      the students are learning to sing a song _______________.
6.      _______________ you can learn English well.
7.      Every morning he walks _______________ for an hour.
8.      We got to the station just _______________ to catch the bus.

(D) 选用所给的词组填空，每小题只能填一个词组，每个词组只能用一次。
on watch              on display     on the other hand             neither … nor
on foot          on the left    not…at all                  not only … but also
on earth         on time         no matter                    no longer     
1.      Mr Huang is _______________ our teacher _______________ our friend.
2.      The old man _______________ lives here. He lives with his son in Canada.
3.      Every day it takes me five minutes to go to school _______________.
4.      The soldier was standing _______________ though it was snowing hard.
5.      A new kind of car was _______________ in the shop.
6.      ____________ Bill _______________ Jack knows how to spell the word “ heard ”.
7.      She is going to be a singer _______________ what difficulties she met.
8.      I think he is the luckiest man _______________.
9.      He is clever, but _______________, he makes many mistakes.
10.  Little John is ________ tall enough to touch it _______________.

(E) 选用所给的词组填空，每小题只能填一个词组，每个词组只能用一次。
out of            just now              at the moment     after a while        either … or…
ever since      first of all     up and down        more and more   more or less even though as if
1.      Jim doesn’t feel like eating. He has been like this _______________ last week.
2.      _______________ it was snowing hard, we had to go out.
3.      The work is _______________ finished.
4.      It looks _______________ it is going to rain.
5.      _______________ Tom _______________ his brothers like to go hiking.
6.      A lift is used to carry people _______________ in the tall building.
7.      Don’t look _______________ the window. It’s dangerous.
8.      _______________ I’d like to say how glad I am to be here.
9.      The old woman knows the address but she can’t think of it _______________.
10.  Where is Smith? He was here _______________.

(F) 选用所给的词组填空，每小题只能填一个词组，每个词组只能用一次。
at sea            by sea   to his surprise     in surprise    in front                 in front of
some day      one day before long          long before   the number of    a number of
1.      When we woke up, the ship was in the storm _______________.
2.      They didn’t have to worry about their chickens _______________.
3.  The driver sits _______________, and the passengers sit behind.
4.      _______________, he found the girl was blind.
5.      _______________ my father went out for a walk in the street and met his old friend.
6.      _______________ the students in our school is 1,200.

(G) 选用所给的词组填空，每小题只能填一个词组，每个词组只能用一次。
at the end of              in the end     sometime       some time     by the way
on the way           none of         no one          less than              more than
1.      Zhang Hong hopes she will have a chance to study in America _________ next year.
2.      The population has increased from _______________ 6,600,000 to 8,300,000.
3.      _______________ home father told me about the accident.
4.      _______________ we finished the work successfully.
5.      She is interested in _______________ these books.
（二）
(A) 选用下列短语的适当形式填空。
cut down              come down         fall down             get down             put down
slow down     shut down            turn down            write down          sit down
1.      We have __________ when we come to the main road. There is a lot of traffic on it.
2.      Something must be done to stop them from _______________ trees.
3.      Please _______________ your hands before I ask you questions.
4.      The room is too noisy. Please _______________ the radio.
5.      Sue had the computer _______________ before she left the room.

(B) 选用下列短语的适当形式填空。
 drop off      fall off        get off       hurry off        keep off         turn off        set off       put off
1.      This morning we _______________ for our field trip together.
2.      Can’t you see a girl with some flowers in her hands _______________ the bus?
3.      He had to _______________ the meeting because of illness.
4.      The doctor asked the patient _______________ sleeping pills.
5.      Don’t forget to  _______________ the lights when you leave here.

(C) 选用下列短语的适当形式填空。
come up with                     catch up with      eat up           grow up        give up
hurry up                       hands up              look up         open up        put up
make up one’s mind   ring up                 send up        wake up              pick up
1.      Tell me how _______________ the word in the dictionary, please.
2.      The teacher asked a difficult question, but finally Ted ___________ a good answer.
3.      A new cinema _______________ in the center of the city last year.
4.      _______________, or we’ll miss the train.
5.      Look! The teacher _______________ the competition result on the wall.
6.      If you work hard, you _______________ your classmates.
7.      The doctor told my father _______________ smoking.
8.      Will you _________ the rubbish and throw it into a dustbin to keep the room clean?
9.     They _______________ to turn it into rich farm land.
10.  The dog was so hungry that it _______________ all the food.
11.  _______________ or I’ll shoot you.
12.  The news reporter said China _______________ another spaceship soon.

(D) 选用下列短语的适当形式填空。
think about    think over     work out      work on              have been to              have been in
hear of           hear from      used to         be used to   look for               find out
1.      I _______________ going to Beijing for my holiday.
2.      I _______________ play football when I was younger, but not very often.
3.      The scientists _______________ inventing new ways of reaching outer space.
4.      We _______________ the Great Wall twice already.
5.      There is an important matter _______________.
6.      --- __________ you _________ Mr Black, sir? --- Yes, we often write to each other.
7.      --- Can you _______________when the train will leave for Shanghai? --- Of course.
8.      We _______________ the cost of the holiday and decided that we could afford it.

(E) 选用下列短语的适当形式填空。
 wear out        speak highly of           learn … all by oneself     take care of
pay for          try out                        get on                                prefer to
make sure    make room for           stop … from                    enjoy oneself

1.      I’m sure that you must ________ the library book if you still can’t find it anywhere.
2.      We are going hiking on our first trip. So we __________ to bring enough food for the trip.
3.      My English teacher often _______________ us so that we all like to study English.
4.      Edison _____________ always _______________ new ideas when he was young.
5.      All the students in Class 1 _______________ well with each other.
6.      They _______________ walk rather than take a bus when they lived in town.
7.      Mum, can you buy new trousers for me? Mine _______________.
8.      Bruce is clever enough _______________ this song _______________.
（三）
(A) 选用所给的词组填空，每小题只能填一个词组，每个词组只能用一次。
far away from    arrive in       at the second crossing    from now on      went wrong         
give back    come along       come out went over are used for     talking to       over there
1.      --- Can I borrow this new book? --- Yes, but you must ______ it _______ in a week.
2.      --- Is your school ___________ your home? --- Yes, I go to school by bus every day.
3.      I’ll give you a call as soon as I _______________ Beijing.
4.      Man-made satellites _______________ studying the universe now.
5.      Our teacher was ___________ Ann’s mother when I passed the teacher’s office.
6.      He _______________ his exam paper and found two mistakes.
7.      _______________, we must learn more to meet the need of the world.
8.      Some flowers have begun to _______________.
9.      It would be terrible if anything _______________.
10.  Turn right _______________ and you’ll see a supermarket.

(B) 选用所给的词组填空，每小题只能填一个词组，每个词组只能用一次。
in red             knocking at                 the day before yesterday         went on   hour after hour
waiting for     the same as           played a joke on          to make money       laughed at   
1.      Be quick! Mr Liu is _______________ you at the school gate.
2.      Do you hear someone _______________ the door?
3.      Mr Green works hard _______________.
4.      The two brothers don’t look _______________ each other.
5.      We waited _______________, but the visitor didn’t arrived.
6.      It was raining hard but they _______________ working in the fields.
7.      He doesn’t like to be _______________.
8.      A girl _______________ is smiling to us far away.
9.      The boys _______________ James. They did his shoes and he couldn’t find them.
10.  They planted trees in the park _______________.

(C) 选用下列短语的适当形式填空。
be surprised at           be angry with      be made of         be made for
be famous for             be amazed at             be afraid of         be fed up with
be worried about              be sorry for        be fast asleep      be able to
1.      The children had a good time in the zoo. But they _______ the animals in the cages.
2.      I used to eat a lot of meat. But now I _______________ it.
3.      I _______________ the beautiful scenery in Xiamen. I really enjoyed myself when I was visiting the city.
4.      Han Mei was born in the yea