高中英语必修三---课文详解Book3-unit5.doc

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必修三 Unit 5 课文详解 杨磊译注
必修三 Unit 5 Canada — “The True North”加拿大——真正的北极
I． Vocabulary
multicultural adj.多种文化的
quiz n.测验；问答比赛
beaver n.海狸
grizzly n.(北美洲)灰熊；灰色的
polar adj.极地的；近极地的
penguin n.企鹅
prime adj.首要的；主要的；基本的
minister n.大臣；部长
prime minister 首相；丞相
governor n.州长；总督
rather than 与其；不愿
continent n.洲；大陆
baggage n.行李
scenery n.景色；风景
eastward adv. 向东；向东南的
surround vt. & vi.包围；围绕
the Rocky Mountains落基山脉
harbour n.海港
measure vi. & vt.测量；衡量；判定
aboard prep. & adv.在船、飞机、火车或公共汽车上
settle down 定居；平静下来；专心于
manage to do设法做
catch sight of 看见；瞥见
eagle n.鹰
stampede n.(美)大西部赛马会
cowboy n牛仔；牧童
have a gift for 对…有天赋
border n.边界；国界；边沿
vt. & vi.与…接壤；接近
slight adj.轻微的；微小的
acre n. 英亩
urban adj.城市的；市镇的
location n. 位置；地方
the Vatican City State梵蒂冈城国
topic n.话题
mixture n.混合物；混合状态
bush n.灌木（丛）；矮树（丛）
maple n.枫；枫树
frost n.霜；霜冻
confirm vt.证实；证明；批准
wealthy adj.富有的
in the distance在远处
misty adj.有薄雾的；模糊的
Niagara n.尼亚加拉（河，瀑布）
schoolmate 同学；校友
booth n.公用电话间；货摊；售货亭
downtown adj.市区的；adv.
pearl n.珍珠
Cantonese n.广东人（的）
approximatley adv.接近；大约
dawn n.黎明；佛晓；破晓
workplace n.工作场所；工作地点
buffet n.自助餐；蚕食柜台
broad adj. 宽阔的；广泛的
St Lawrence River圣劳伦斯河
nearly adv.在附近 adj.附近的
tradition n.传统；风俗
terrify vt.使恐怖；恐吓
pleased adj. 欣喜的；高兴地
impress vt.使印象深刻；使铭记
impressive adj. 给人印象深刻的
感人的
II．Reading A TRIP ON “THE TRUE NORTH”一次真正的北极旅行
Vancouver温哥华
Li Daiyu and her cousin Liu Qian were on a trip to Canada to visit their cousins in Montreal on the Atlantic coast.李黛玉和她的老表刘倩开始了到加拿大的旅行，他们要去看望在大西洋沿岸蒙特利尔的老表，【注释：be on已经开始了，接受打赌 They are on a visit to China.他们正在对中国进行访问。】 Rather than take the aeroplane all the way, they decided to fly to Vancouver and then take the train west to east across Canada.他们不想全程搭乘飞机，而是决定先飞到温哥华，然后乘火车从西向东横穿加拿大。【注释：①rather than(要)…而不…, 与其…倒不如… eg. 1) We'll have the meeting in the classroom rather than in the auditorium.我们与其在礼堂里开会, 不如在教室开会。 2) They thus increased their annual grain production rather than diminished it.他们这样增加了而不是减少了粮食年产量。 ②all the way一路上, 一直; 完全 eg. 1) We can go all the way by motorboat.我们可以一路上乘摩托艇去。 2) He stays all the way in the game.他自始至终参加比赛。 3) I'm with you all the way.我完全同意并支持你。 ③west to east从西向东, 是名词短语用作状语，前面不需要加冠词，如：The plane flew west.飞机向西飞行。】 The thought that they could cross the whole continent was exciting.这种横穿整个大陆的想法令人激动。【注释：that they could cross the whole continent是the thought的同位语从句。】
Their friend, Danny Lin, was waiting at the airport.他们的朋友林丹妮在机场等候。 He was going to take them and their baggage to catch “The True North”, the cross-Canada train.他要接他们及行李，搭乘横穿加拿大的列车——“真北号”。【注释：True North真北，非地磁北。】 On the way
Vancouver Airport温哥华机场 to the station, he chatted about their trip.在去车站的路上，他聊到了旅行。【注释：chat about 闲聊… eg. We chatted about the Russian ballet which was to give its first-night performance next week.我们闲聊了下周将举行的晚场首演的俄国芭蕾舞剧团。】 “You’re going to see some great scenery.“你们要去看一些了不起的风景， Going eastward, you’ll pass mountains and thousands of lakes and forests, as well as wide revers and large cities.向东，你们不仅要穿越大河、大城市，还要穿越山脉、数不清的湖泊和森林。 Rocky Mountains落基山脉
Some people have the idea that you can cross Canada in less than five days, but they forget the fact that Canada is 5,500 kilometres from coast to coast.一些人认为：不用5天就可以穿越加拿大，但他们忘记了这么个事实：加拿大从西海岸到东海岸有5,500公里。 Here in Vancouver, you’re in Canada’s warmest part.在这，在温哥华，你们处在加拿大最温暖的地带。 People say it is Canada’s most beautiful city, surrounded by mountains and the Pacific Ocean.人们说这是加拿大最美丽的城市，周围(山水环绕)群山环绕，太平洋拱卫。【注释： surrounded by 以…环绕〔包围〕… eg. 1) The original builders surrounded the city by a wall.最初的建设者们在该城的周围修起了城墙。 2) Each bamboo house was surrounded by a thriving orchard.每座竹楼周围都是茂密的果园。考题：
1．The baby was playing on the carpet________by all kinds of toys.
A．surrounding B．surrounded C．surrounds D．having surrounded 】
Skiing in the Rocky Mountains and sailing in the harbour make Vancouver one of Canada’s most popular cities to live in.在落基山脉滑雪、在海港扬帆使得温哥华成为一个加拿大最喜人居的城市。【注释：live in (1)住在学习〔工作〕的地方 1) Jack decided to live in during his freshman year at college.杰克决定大一时住校。 2) It's cheaper for most nurses to live in.对大多数护士来说, 住在医院里要便宜一些。 (2) 住在(某地); 存在于…; 为…而生存 eg. 1) I've been living in this city since my family moved here twenty years ago.自从20年前我家搬到这里以来, 我一直住在这个城市。 2) I'd like to go to the country and live in a small way.我想去乡下过简朴、安静的生活。】 Its population is increasing rapidly.这里的人口增长很快。【注释：increasing渐增的，越来越多的】 The coast north of Vancouver has some of the oldest and most beautiful forests in the world. 在温哥华海岸以北，有世上最古老的、最美丽的森林。It is so wet there that the trees are extremely tall, some measuring over 90 metres.”那里如此湿润，以致于树木长得很高，有的高达90米以上。【注释：some measuring over 90 metres是现在分词短语作结果状语，some是measuring的逻辑主语。measure v. 测量；n. 方法，措施； take some measures to do sth.采取措施做某事
考题：At the same time they are taking strong________to protect wildlife resources.
A．actions　　　B．measures C．step D．efforts 】
Calgary Stampede牛仔节
Calgary Stampede牛仔节
That afternoon aboard the train, the cousins settled down in their seats.那天下午，上了火车，堂兄妹们找到位置，便坐下来。【注释：settle down落到地面上来 eg. The dust slowly settled down.灰尘慢慢落了下来。 ②定居, 过安定生活 eg. 1) He should get a house and settle down.他应该买幢房子安定下来。 2) The organization aims to settle newcomers down in the city.该组织旨在帮助新来的人在这座城市安家落户。 ③(使)安静下来, 平静下来 eg. 1) Has that noisy class settled down yet?那个吵闹的班安静下来了吗? 2) He settled down to his studies after he came back.他回来以后就安下心来学习。】 Earlier that day, when they crossed the Rocky Mountains, they managed to catch sight of some mountain goats and even a grizzly bear and an eagle.那天一大早，当他们在穿越落基山脉的时候，他们看到了一些山羊，甚至还看到了大灰熊和鹰。 Their next stop was Calgary, which is famous for the Calgary Stampede. 下一站是卡尔加里，以卡尔加里的牛仔节(兽群惊奔)而出名。【注释：be famous for…因…而著名；be famous as…以（从事某种行当/行业）而出名. Eg. 1) Lu Xun was famous as a great writer. 2) Hang Zhou is famous for the West Lake. 】Cowboys from all over the world come to compete in the Stampede.来自世界各地的牛仔来参加“牛仔节”比赛。 Many of them have a gift for riding wild horses and can win thousands of dollars in prizes.许多人有骑野马的天赋，能赢得数千美元的奖金。【注释：have a gift for…有…的天赋 eg. My daughter has a gift for painting. Make sb. a gift of sth.把某物当作礼物送给某人 eg. I want to make you a gift of this pen.】
After two day’s travel, the girls began to realize that Canada is quite empty.经过两天旅行，女孩子们开始意思到加拿大很空旷。 At school, they had learned that most Canadians live within a few hundred kilometres of the USA border and Canada’s population is only slightly over thirty million, but now they were amazed to see such an empty country.在学校上学时，他们就知道：大多数加拿大人居住在距美国边界数百公里的范围内，而加拿大的人口只有三千多万，不过他们还是吃惊地看到一个如此空荡的国家。【注释：①slightly adv.轻微地;稍稍 eg. 1) The number of passengers by this line fell off slightly in January.一月份这条航线的乘客数量略有减少。 2) This one’s slightly better than that.这一个比那个稍好一点。 ②be amazed to see看到[听到,发现]…感到吃惊 eg. They were amazed to see all of the work had been finished in such a short time.】 They went through a wheatgrowing province and saw farms that covered thousands of square acres.他们穿过一个小麦种植省，看到数千英亩农场。 After dinner, they were back in an urban, area, the busy port city of Thunder Bay at the top of the Great Lakes. 晚饭后，他们回到市区，雷湾繁忙的港口城市，位于五大淡水湖上游。The girls were surprised at the fact that ocean ships can sail up the Great Lakes.这些女孩子对海洋里的船只能够航行到五大淡水湖感到惊讶。【注释：be surprised at 对…惊讶 eg. 1) I was very much surprised at the news.我听到那消息非常诧异。 2) I was surprised at hearing him say so.我听到他这样说很吃惊。】 Because of the Great Lakes, they learned, Canada has more fresh water than any other country in the world.他们知道，由于这五大淡水湖，使得加拿大成为世界上淡水最多的国家。 In fact, it has one-third of the world’s total fresh water, and much of it is in the Great Lakes.事实上，它拥有世界三分之一的淡水，而大部分淡水都在这五大淡水湖阿里。【注释：分数的表达：分子用基数词，分母用序数词；当分子大于1时，分母后加“-s”. 如：one-fifth; three-fifths.】
That night as they slept, the train ruched across the top of Lake Superior, through the great forests and southward towards Toronto.那天夜里，当他们在睡觉的时候，列车穿过苏密利尔湖上游，驶过大森林，最后向南驶向多伦多。

“THE TRUE NORTH” FROM TORONTO TO MONTREAL
“真北”从多伦多到蒙特利尔
The next morning the bushes and maple trees outside their windows were red, gold and orange, and there was frost on the ground, confirming that fall had arrived in Canada.第二天早上，窗外的矮树丛和枫树，红的、金色的、橘红色的，地上也披上了霜，这一切都表明/证实：加拿大已到了秋天。【注释：confirming that…是现在分词短语，作结果状语。】
Around noon they arrived in Toronto, the biggest and most wealthy city in Canada.大约中午，他们到达加拿大最大、最富裕的城市——多伦多， They were not leaving for Montreal until later, so they went on a tour of the city.他们直到晚些时候才到蒙特利尔，所以他们便巡游了这个城市。【注释：go on a tour巡游；漫游；周游】 They went up the tall CN Tower and looked across the lake.他们登上了高高的加拿大国家电视塔，眺望湖泊。【注释：Canadian National Tower, Toronto, Ontario 位于安大略湖多伦多的加拿大国家电视塔】 In the distance, they could see the misty cloud that rose from the great Niagara Falls, which is on the south side of the lake.从远处，他们能看到从尼亚加拉大瀑布升起的云雾。【注释：in the distance在远处,在很远的那边; at a distance of …在…距离处 eg. There is a pretty house at a distance of 10 miles. Out of distance from…离…太远；达不到； keep sb. at a distance对某人冷淡；与某人疏远； keep your distance from…与…保持联系； distance yourself from不介入…;与…疏远 试题： The faces of four famous American presidents on Mount Rushmore can be seen from a ____ of 60 miles. A. length B. distance C. way D. space 】 The water flows into the Niagara River and over the falls on its way to the sea.河水流入尼亚加拉河，然后流过瀑布之后，流入海洋。
They saw the covered stadium, home of several famous basketball teams.他们看到了带顶的体育场，它是几支著名篮球队之家园。 As they walked north from the harbour area, Li Daiyu said,当他们从港口区向北漫步的时候，李黛玉说： “Lin Fei, one of my mother’s old schoolmates, lives here. I should phone her from a telephone booth”.“林飞，我妈妈的一位老校友，就住在这，我应该从电话亭里给她打个电话。”
They met Lin Fei around dusk in downtown Chinatown, one of the three in Toronto.大约在黄昏时分，他们在多伦多的一个中国城/唐人街里见到了林飞。 Over dinner at a restaurant called The Pink Pearl, the cousins chatted with Lin Fei, who had moved to Canada many years earlier.他们在一个叫“粉红色珍珠”的餐馆里吃晚饭，吃饭时，这些表兄妹们与林飞聊天，林飞早在许多年前就搬到了加拿大。 “We can get good Cantonese food here.” Lin Fei told them,林飞告诉他们，“我们这有很好的粤菜，” “because most of the Chinese people here come from South China, especially Hong Kong.因为这里的大多数中国人来自华南，尤其是香港。 It’s too bad you can’t go as far as Ottawa, Canada’s capital. 你们不能到渥太华——加拿大首都，真是太遗憾啦！It’s approximately four hundred kilometres northeast of Toronto, so it would take too long.”大约在多伦多东北四百公里，所以到那里要花很长时间。

重点句型：
1．Canada has more fresh water than any other country in the world.【精提取】　本句是同范围内比较，必须有other。【巧应用】　小明比他班里的其他男孩都高。
Xiao Ming is ____ ______ ______ _____ _____in his class. 答案：taller than any other boy
2．It's approximately four hundred kilometres northeast of Toronto，so it would take too long.
【精提取】　It takes some time (to do sth.)是固定句式，意为“(做某事)要花多长时间；(做某事)需要多长时间”。【巧应用】　解决这个问题只需十分钟。
____ _____ ____ ____ _____ ____ ____ the problem. 答案：It only took ten minutes to solve
3．Going eastward，you’ll pass mountains and thousands of lakes and forests, as well as wide rivers and large cities.【精提取】　as well as用作连词，意为“和，同，又；不但……而且……”。
【巧应用】　他不但聪明而且能干。
He is hardworking________ ________ ________ ________. 答案：as well as clever
4．It is so wet there that the trees are extremely tall, some measuring over 90 metres.
【精提取】　some measuring over 90 metres 为独立主格结构，在句中作伴随状语。
【巧应用】　他低着头进了房间。
He entered the room，________ ________ ________. 答案：his head lowered