初中英语语法一般现在时专题.doc

##教育6T教材系列
一般现在时专题
时间： 年 月 日 老师 电话：
一、 兴趣导入
猜一猜
人的一生有三天，是哪三天？
答案：昨天、今天、明天
二、 学前测试
选择题。
( ) 1 We need some more____. Can you go and get some, please?
A. potato B. potatos C. potatoes D. potatoe
( )2. What big____ the tiger has!
A. tooth B. teeth C. tooths D. toothes
( ) 3. -Can we have some ___?
-Yes, please.
A. banana B. oranges C.apple D. pear
( ) 4 Please remember to give the horse some tree___.
A. leafs B. Leaves C. leaf D. leave
( )5. She hasn't brought ____ book with her. Will you lend her ____?
A. hers, your B. her, your
C. hers, yours D. her, yours
( )6. China is ______ old country with ______ long history.
A. an, a B. a, a C. an, the D. an, an
( )7. My sister is a student of ________.
A. the First Class B. Class One C. One Class D. Class First
( )8. The government of Chongqing is building ________ cheap and good houses for the people.
A. Thousand B. Thousands C. Thousand of D. Thousands of
三、知识讲解
【No. 1】一般现在时的定义及构成
1.定义：一般现在时表示现在经常反复发生的动作、存在的状态或习惯性的动作。
2.构成:主语+动词原形+宾语
一般现在时用行为动词的原形，但第三人称单数作主语时，动词要用第三人称单数形式。
e.g．We like reading books.
He likes reading books.
3.动词第三人称单数形式的构成：
(1) 一般的动词词尾+S。
play—plays stop—stops make—makes read--reads
(2) 以为o,sh,ch,s,x结尾的动词+es.
teach—teaches watch--watches
(3) 以辅音字母Y结尾的动词把Y变成i再+es。
fly—flies carry—carries study—studies worry--worries
(4)以o结尾的动词，在词尾加es.
go---goes do—does
不规则：
Have—has are--is
【No. 2】一般现在时的应用
(1)在实际应用中，一般现在时常与以下时间状语联用：always, usually, often, sometimes, every week (day, year, month…), once a week, on Sundays ……
例句：He usually plays football on Sundays.他经常在星期日踢足球。
(2)没有时间状语，可以分以下四种类型：
A．be型
这一类型由be动词+名词、形容词、副词、代词、数词或介词短语等一起构成谓语，表示主语的个性、特征或状态。如：
①I am a student. (主语+be动词+名词) 我是一名学生。
②They are hungry. （主语+be动词+形容词）他们肚子饿了。
③He is out. (主语+be动词+副词) 他出去了。
④That pen is mine. (主语+be动词+代词) 那支钢笔是我的。
⑤I am fifteen. (主语+be动词+数词) 我十五岁。
⑥The bike is under the tree. (主语+be动词+介词短语) 那辆自行车在树下。
B．do型
do型由行为动词充当谓语，表示经常性或习惯性的动作，其构成为“主语+动词原形或动词第三 人称单数形式”。如：
①I know it. 我知道这。
②He believes me. 他相信我。
C．there be型
there be型句子表示“存在”，其构成为“there be+主语+其他”，表示客观事实。用法遵循“就近原则”，即主语是单数或并列主语中的第一个主语是单数，则用there is；主语是复数或并列主语中的第一个主语是复数，则用there are。如：
（1）There is an eraser on the teacher's desk.(主语an eraser是单数) 讲桌上有一块橡皮擦。
（2）There is an orange，five apples and eight bananas in the bag.
(并列主语中的第一个主语an orange是单数)袋子里有一个橙子，五个苹果和八个香蕉。
D．情态动词型
情态动词型句子的构成为“主语+情态动词+动词原形”，情态动词和动词原形一起构成谓语，表示说话人对所叙述的动作或状态的看法。如：
①He can speak a little English.(can+speak) 他会说一点儿英语。
②May I have a book, please?(may+have) 请问我能看一看吗？
【No. 3】一般现在时的变化
1. 否定形式：首先找句子中有没有be动词（is, am或者are）或情态动词（can），如果有，只要在be动词或情态动词后面加上not。
e.g.
He is not a teacher.
She can not speak English.
如果句子中没有be动词（is, am或者are）或情态动词（can）那么根据主语在后面加入don’t(you, I或者复数)或doesn’t（第三人称单数）。
e.g.
I don’t like English.
His father doesn’t exercise every day.
2.一般疑问句：首先找句子中有没有be动词（is, am或者are）或情态动词（can），如果有，只要将be动词或情态动词提前，放到主语前面。
注意：句中第一人称和第二人称要互换。
e.g.
1.I am an English teacher.

2. He is crying under the tree.

3. My birthday is on the twentieth of November.

4. Mrs. Li and Kitty are in a big shop.

5. Kitty is wearing her new uniform.

如果句子中没有be动词（is, am或者are）或情态动词（can）那么根据主语判断在句首加入do(you, I或者复数)或does（第三人称单数）,当谓语动词是三单形式时要还原。
注意：句中第一人称和第二人称也要互换。
e.g.
1. She wants to have a model car.

2. I go to school on foot.

3. Her father likes to read English.

4. I do my homework after school

特殊疑问句：
首先分析划线部分的意思，确定用哪个疑问词（what, where, who, when, which, whose, how, how many, how much, what shape, what colour, what … doing, where … going, what … do）,
然后找句子中有没有be动词（is, am或者are）或情态动词（can），如果有，只要将be动词或情态动词放到主语前面（疑问词的后面）。
如果句子中没有be动词（is, am或者are）或情态动词（can）那么根据主语判断加入do(you, I或者复数)或does（第三人称单数）。
注意：句中第一人称和第二人称也要互换。
e.g.
1. Mike has two letters for him.

2. I usually play football on Friday afternoon

3. Su Yang usually washes some clothes on Saturday.

4. Mingming usually waters the flowers every day.

5. Tom does his homework at home.
四、 强化训练
一、用所给动词的适当形式填空
1. My classmate ______ (know) the man on the bike.
2. His sister usually ______ (go) to school at 7:00 am.
3. Lin Tao ______ (like) his new sweater.
4. Let me ______ (have) a look.
5. Let’s ______ (play) tennis!
6. ______ he ______ (like) English?
7. I want to ______ (go) to a movie.
8. He ______ ________(not know) the teacher’s name.
9. This boy likes to ______ (play) chess with his father on weekends .
10. Can I ______ (ask) the policeman?
11. She likes to ______ (play) chess.
12. It’s time to ______ (play) games.
13. You can ______ (be) a good student.
14. She can ______ (sing) well.
15. He ______ (have) an egg and a banana for breakfast.
五． 训练辅导
一、 选择题。
(　) 1. _____ you have a book?
　　 A. Do　B. Are　C. Is　D. Have
(　) 2. They _________ on a farm.
　　 A. working　B. are work　C. work　D. is worked
(　) 3. Does Peter like to watch TV?　 __________.
　　 A. Yes, he like　B. No, he doesn’t　
C. Yes, he’d like　D. No, he lik
(　) 4. She doesn’t __________ her homework in the afternoon.
　　 A. doing　B. to do　C. does　D. do
(　) 5. How ____________ Mr. Brown ___________ to America?
　　 A. do,go　B. is,go　C. does,go　D. does,goes
(　) 6. Where’s my camera? I____________ it.
　　 A. am not finding　B. am not seeing　
C. can’t find　D. can’t look at
(　) 7. How ___________ he go to work?　 He ___________ to work by bike.
　　 A. does ;go　B. do;goes　C. do ;go　D. does;goes
(　) 8. ______ you usually late for school?　 No, _____________.
　　 A. Do ; I am　B. Does ;not　
C. Are ; I’m not　D. Are ; I aren’t
(　) 9. _____ she _____ home at six every day?
　　 A. Is , leave　B. Does , leave　
C. Is , leaves　D. Does , left
(　) 10. Mr. Yang ____________ English this term.
A. teaches our　B. teaches us　
B. C. teachs us　D. teach our

二、按要求变换句式。
1. Do you often play soccer after school? (肯定回答)
_______________________________________________________________________
2. I have many books.(改为否定句)
_______________________________________________________________________
3. Tom likes to play baseball.(改为否定句)
_______________________________________________________________________
4. She lives in a small country near Changchun.(改为一般疑问句)
_______________________________________________________________________
5. I watch TV every day.(改为一般疑问句)
_______________________________________________________________________
6. We have four lessons.(改为否定句)
_______________________________________________________________________
7. Alice doesn’t run fast.(改为肯定句)
_______________________________________________________________________
8. My dog runs fast.(改为一般疑问句)
_______________________________________________________________________

9. I usually dance on Sundays.(改为否定句)
_______________________________________________________________________
10. My mother always does the dishes after dinner.(改为一般疑问句)
____________________________________________________________________
3. I want to buy a big green bag . (对划线提问)
______________________________________________________________________

8. It’s an English dictionary. (对划线部分提问)
_______________________________________________________________________
六．反思总结

 附件：堂堂清落地训（满分100）
（坚持堂堂清，学习很爽心） 姓名：
一、改写句子。
1．This is my pencil. (变一般疑问句) 
  _______________________________________________________________________
2. These red socks are Kate’s . (变一般疑问句)
______________________________________________________________________
3. Mary does not have any books . (变肯定句)
______________________________________________________________________
4. The clothing shop is on sale . (变为否定句)
_______________________________________________________________________
5. She likes the bag very much . (变为否定句)    
_______________________________________________________________________
6. I buy the pants for only 50 Yuan. (用she改写句子)
_______________________________________________________________________
7. Lily and Lucy are fifteen years old. (对画线部分提问)
_______________________________________________________________________
8. They come to this school on Mondays. (划线提问)
_______________________________________________________________________
二、用动词的适当形式填空
1. He ______ ______(not go) to school on weekends .
2. She often _______(watch) TV on Sundays.
3. The boy ________ _______(not take ) a shower every day.
4. ______you ________(like) English?
5. What _________his father _____( do) ?
三、选择填空
1.He can ______ Chinese and English.
A. speak. B. speaks . C. tell. D. say
2.Do you want _______with actors?
A.work . B.works . C. to work. D working
3.A nurse usually_______a white uniform.
A. wear . B.wearing. C.wears. D to wear
4. _____you from Japan?
A. Are B. Do. C. Does D.Is
5. _____you come from Japan?
A. Are B. Do. C. Does D.Is
6.What language do you_______?
A. say B.talk C.tell . D speak
7. The elephant likes______her friends and _____grass.
A. play with , eat B. play with, eats C. to play with , eat D. to play with , eats
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励志名言： Cease to struggle and you cease to live. -- Thomas Carlyle生命不止，奋斗不息。 -- 卡莱尔