初中英语语法之形容词、副词.docx

初中英语语法之形容词、副词
形容词、副词
考点一：形容词辨析
1. 通过分析具体的语境来辨析形容词的词义。
2. -ed形式和-ing形式的形容词意思不同。前者意为“感到……的”，后者意为“令人……的”。
【考例链接】
Ⅰ. 单项选择
( )1.—It’s a good way to study English with a group.
—That’s true. I find it _______ to improve our pronunciation.
A. thankful
B. harmful
C. helpful
D. careful
( )2.More and more people have realized that clear waters and green mountains are as _______ as mountains of gold and silver.
A. central
B. special
C. valuable
( )3.—Diana, I forget new words quickly. How can I remember them?
—Don’t worry. It’s _______ to forget new words! I suggest you read the words and try to use them.
A. rude
B. exciting
C. perfect
D. natural
( )4.—The 5G technology can help doctors treat patients who are hundreds of kilometers away.
—It’s really _______.
A. secret
B. direct
C. amazing
D. traditional
( )5.We are _______ about the _______ news that Beijing will hold the Winter Olympics in 2022.
A. excited; exciting
B. exciting; excited
C. excited; excite
Ⅱ. 写出所缺单词
1. Listen to a piece of light music and you will feel r .
2. John is _______(感兴趣的) in the film Wolf War Ⅱ.
3. In most countries, people usually eat t food on special holidays.
4. My son is so c that he often leaves his homework at home.
5. Believe it or not, the two surveys have _______(相似的) results.
6. Simon was _______(surprise) to see spaceships from China.
7. Andrew was crazy about DIY, but he always made his room dirty and _______. (tidy)
8. It’s very _______(polite) to talk loudly in public.
考点二：副词辨析
1. 通过分析具体的语境来辨析副词的词义。
2. 按意义分类初中阶段需要掌握的几类副词：
(1) 时间副词：表示时间的有now, then, today, tomorrow, yesterday, before, ago, soon, immediately, late, early, recently, already, yet, finally等；表示频度的有always, ever, often, usually, sometimes, seldom, never, hardly ever等。
(2) 地点副词：here, there, somewhere, anywhere, everywhere, outdoors, indoors, upstairs, downstairs, above, abroad, nearby, back, inside, home等。
(3) 方式副词：carefully, loudly, quickly, easily, quietly等。
(4) 程度副词：very, so, quite, too, far, much, rather, nearly, almost, completely, badly, widely, enough等。
3. 按功用分类需要掌握的几类副词：
(1) 句子副词：luckily, unluckily, actually, especially等，通常修饰整个句子。
(2) 连接副词：moreover, besides, however等，在句子之间起连接作用。
(3) 疑问副词：how, where, when, why, how long, how soon, how often, how far等，用来引导特殊疑问句。
(4) 连接副词：how, where, when, why等，可用来引导宾语从句或与不定式连用。
【考例链接】
Ⅰ. 单项选择
( )1. Santaishan Forest Park is _______ beautiful that it has become a hot tourist attraction.
A. so
B. very
C. such
D. quite
( )2. I came to school _______ this morning because it was my turn to clean our classroom.
A. early
B. slowly
C. quietly
D. suddenly
( )3. —How often do you usually go to work by subway?
—_______. I always take a bus, because there is no subway in this city.
A. Sometimes
B. Often
C. Never
D. Seldom
( )4. Lisa made so many mistakes in her homework, because she didn’t do it _______ enough.
A. carefully
B. busily
C. quickly
D. warmly
( )5. Betty felt so tired last night that she _______ fell asleep in bed after lying down.
A. recently
B. suddenly
C. frequently
D. immediately
( )6. —Our motherland’s 70th birthday is coming.
—Great! We will hold many activities to celebrate it _______.
A. wisely
B. warmly
C. simply
( )7. You’d better leave _______, or trouble will come to you.
A. lively
B. friendly
C. heavily
D. quickly
( )8. Ken was _______ late for school. The bell rang right after he entered the classroom.
A. still
B. always
C. already
D. almost
( )9. —The young are always busy checking their mobile phones while getting together.
—So it is. They should put down phones and have more talks, _______.
A. still
B. too
C. either
D. instead
( )10. —As we know, it’s very difficult to live in a foreign country like the UK, the US and so on.
—I agree. _______, if you don’t understand the local language.
A. Especially
B. Generally
C. Naturally
D. Exactly
( )11. —_______ is it from your school to the bus stop?
—It’s about 5 minutes’ walk.
A. How often
B. How long
C. How soon
D. How far
( )12. —_______ do teenagers need to sleep?
—At least eight hours a night.
A. How long
B. How many
C. How often
( )13. —_______ do you put a lot of snakes into the forest?
—To protect the ecosystem.
A. Why
B. Which
C. How
D. When
( )14. —_______ do you go to see your grandparents, Frank?
—Once a week.
A. How soon
B. How often
C. How long
( )15. —_______ do you usually go to school, Mary?
—By bike.
A. When
B. How
C. Where
D. Why
( )16. I don’t like this coat. _______, it costs too much.
A. Instead
B. However
C. Besides
D. Still
( )17. —Have you decided _______ to spend your holiday yet?
—Yes. I’m going to China.
A. how
B. why
C. when
D. where
Ⅱ. 写出所缺单词
1. I haven’t been to the Great Wall y .
2. Throwing the litter h and there is a bad habit.
3. My father _______ stopped smoking. (final)
4. Lily asked her son to close the door _______ in order not to disturb others. (soft)
5. People were _______(complete) shocked when they heard about Kobe’s accident.
6. My mother walked into the bedroom q while my sister was sleeping because she was afraid to wake her up.
7. This novel written by Mo Yan is w read. Many people have read it.
8. I read newspapers every day and I’ve noticed r that Chengdu Tianfu International Airport will soon be completed in Chengdu Eastern New Area.
考点三：形容词、副词在句中的用法
1. 形容词在句中主要用作定语、表语、宾语补足语(作宾语补足语时常与make, leave, keep等连用)。
2. 系动词(如taste, feel, sound, look, smell)后要跟形容词作表语。
3. 副词在句中主要用作状语、表语、宾语补足语。
4. 副词修饰形容词或副词时，常放在被修饰词之前。
注意：enough 修饰形容词或副词时，要放在被修饰词之后。
【考例链接】
Ⅰ. 单项选择
( )1. —How about the fruit salad?
—Yummy! It tastes very _______. By the way, who made it?
A. good
B. bad
C. well
D. badly
( )2. —We shouldn’t worry about Mary.
—You are right. She is _______ to look after _______.
A. old enough; herself
B. big enough; herself
C. enough old; her
D. enough big; her
( )3. Cathy checked her paper _______ so that she could get good grades this time.
A. careful enough
B. enough careful
C. enough carefully
D. carefully enough
Ⅱ. 用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空
1. There isn’t a cloud in the sky. It’s going to be _______ tomorrow. (sun)
2. They hoped to see the problem solved _______.(peaceful)
3. —Let’s go swimming in the river this afternoon.
—We’d better not. It’s _______. (danger)
4. Recycling your rubbish is a great habit. However, it’s even better to turn your rubbish into something new and _______. (use)
5. Zheng Shuang is _______(high) praised not for her acting skills but for her active role in social events.
6. I’m sorry to take your schoolbag _______(careless).
7. It will take about two months if everything goes _______. (smooth)
8. To my disappointment, the new movie is so _______ (meaning).
9. So far, no _______(science) studies have shown that shark fins are good for health.
10. Why do we make mistakes more _______ when we feel tired? This happens because parts of our brain actually fall asleep when we’re awake and tired.(easy)
Ⅲ. 完成句子
1.席琳·狄翁的声音听起来非常甜美。(sound)
The voice of Celine Dion ___________________.
2.骑自行车是保持健康的好方式。
Bicycling is a good way to ___________________.
3.Molly喜欢唱歌。唱歌使她快乐。
Molly likes singing. Singing ___________________.
考点四：形容词、副词的等级
1. 原级
用于句型 as ... as ... 及其否定形式 not as / so ... as ...中。
2. 比较级
(1) 表示两者(人或事物)的比较，常用“形容词 / 副词的比较级+than”结构，than 后可以跟比较状语从句，也可以跟名词、代词等，如果为人称代词时，主格、宾格均可使用。
(2) 可用来修饰比较级的词语有 much, far, even, a little, a bit, a lot等。
(3) “(单音节词或部分双音节词)比较级+ and + (单音节词或部分双音节词)比较级”这一结构表示“越来越……”；当部分双音节词或多音节词表示这一意义时，应用“more and more + 形容词 / 副词的原级”结构。
(4) “the +比较级( +其他), the +比较级(+其他)”结构表示“越……越……”。
(5) “比较级+ than any other+名词的单数形式”和“比较级+ than the other+名词的复数形式”表示最高级含义。
(6) 当比较范围为短语 of the two 时，比较级前要加the。
(7) not, never 之类的否定词与比较级连用，表示最高级含义，意为“再没有比……更……的了”。
(8) A ... less +adj. / adv. than B表示“A没有B……”。
3. 最高级
(1) 表示三者或三者以上(人或事物)的比较，其中有一个在某一方面超过其他几个，句中可用 of / in / among 短语或定语从句等来说明比较的范围。
(2) 形容词的最高级前一般要加定冠词the，但如果其前有形容词性物主代词或名词所有格等修饰时，则不再用定冠词the；副词的最高级前可以加定冠词the，也可以省略。
(3) 形容词的最高级前可用 second, third等序数词修饰。
(4) 形容词的最高级常用于“one of + the + 形容词的最高级+名词的复数形式”结构中，表示“最……之一”。
(5) the least +adj. / adv.表示“最不……”。
【考例链接】
Ⅰ. 单项选择
( )1.Does the dish taste as _______ as it looks?
A. well
B. best
C. good
D. better
( )2.Wang Wei speaks English as _______ as Yang Lan. They both study English hard.
A. good
B. well
C. better
D. best
( )3.—Mike plays the drums so wonderfully!
—Of course. He is _______ than any other student in his class.
A. talented
B. more talented
C. less talented
D. the most talented
( )4.—He is planning to walk on the wings of a flying plane.
—What? I have never heard of _______ idea before.
A. a crazier
B. the crazier
C. a craziest
D. the craziest
( )5.—Roy never likes junk food.
—Neither do I. That’s probably why I’m becoming _______ now.
A. healthy and healthy
B. more and more healthily
C. weaker and weaker
D. healthier and healthier
( )6.—Guess what? The university has accepted my application!
—Wow! That’s _______ news I’ve heard this year, Boris! Let’s celebrate.
A. a worse
B. the worst
C. a better
D. the best
( )7.—Do you know Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge (港珠澳大桥)?
—Yes, it is _______ cross-sea bridge in the world.
A. the longer
B. longest
C. the longest
D. longer
( )8.—Do you know that China is one of _______ countries in the world?
—Yes, I do. It’s much _______ than the US.
A. the oldest; older
B. old; older
C. older; older
( )9.Of the two physics problems, Martha just finished _______ one.
A. the most difficult
B. the least difficult
C. the less difficult
( )10.A mobile phone with 5G can send videos much _______ than the one with 4G.
A. fast
B. faster
C. fastest
D. the fastest
( )11.Jenny will get up _______ than usual in order to catch the first bus.
A. early
B. very early
C. earlier
D. earliest
( )12.The _______ we do for other people, the _______ we will be.
A. much; happier
B. more; happy
C. more; happier
D. most; happiest
( )13.—What subject do you like _______, English, math or physics?
—Of course, English.
A. good
B. better
C. best
( )14.—Who sings _______ in your class?
—Li Jing does.
A. most beautifully
B. most beautiful
C. more beautifully
D. more beautiful
( )15.Tina is as _______ as her sister, Tara.
A. outgoing
B. more outgoing
C. the most outgoing
( )16.Nobody worked the math problem out. It was _______ one of all.
A. easier B. the easiest
C. more difficult
D. the most difficult
( )17.Taking a subway in Chengdu is much _______ than taking a taxi.
A. cheap
B. cheaper
C. cheapest
( )18.“Actions speak _______ than words, ”as the saying goes.
A. loud
B. louder
C. loudest
( )19.—Maling’s Chinese isn’t so _______ as Wangming’s.
—I know them very much. But now Maling studies _______ than Wangming does.
A. good; harder
B. good; hard
C. better; harder
D. better; better
( )20.—Who runs _______ in your class?
—Tom does. None of us can catch him in the race.
A. faster
B. slower
C. fastest
D. slowest
( )21. Fishing is one of _______ activities among the middle-aged people.
A. popular
B. more popular
C. most popular
D. the most popular
( )22. More and more people agree that expressions such as “LOL” and “hahaha” are making our speech more direct but _______ interesting and creative.
A. less
B. more
C. the least
D. the most
( )23. —I don’t want this book because of the price. May I have another one?
—How about this one? It is as interesting as that one and _______ expensive.
A. more
B. less
C. little
( )24.—This T-shirt is a bit expensive for me.
—But this is _______ one in our shop, sir.
A. cheap
B. cheaper
C. the cheapest
Ⅱ. 写出所缺单词
1. In summer, it’s much h in Xi’an than that in Xichang.
2. He always arrives e than others, as he has the key to the classroom.
3. Doing sports can make people happier, _______(健康), and more confident.
4. Qomolangma is _______(high) than any other mountain in the world.
Ⅲ. 完成句子
1.你了解京剧越多，就会越喜欢。
The _______ you know about Beijing Opera, the _______ you’ll like it.
2.瞧！我们大都长得和老师一样高啦！(完成译句)
Look! Most of us have grown _______ tall _______ our teachers!
3.Pingshu is my grandma’s favourite. It’s __________________________(最传统的之一) art forms in China.
4.中国母亲河长江，是世界第三长河。
The Yangtze River, the mother river of China, is the _______ _______ river in the world.
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参考答案

考点一：
Ⅰ. 1-5 CCDCA
Ⅱ. 1. relaxed 2. interested 3. traditional 4. careless
5. similar 6. surprised 7. untidy 8. impolite
考点二：
Ⅰ. 1-5 AACAD 6-10 BDDDA 11-15 DAABB
16-17 CD
Ⅱ. 1. yet 2. here 3. finally 4. softly 5. completely
6. quietly 7. widely 8. recently
考点三：
Ⅰ. 1-3 AAD
Ⅱ. 1. sunny 2. peacefully 3. dangerous 4. useful
5. highly 6. carelessly 7. smoothly
8. meaningless 9. scientific 10. easily
Ⅲ. 1. sounds very sweet 2. keep healthy
3. makes her happy
考点四:
Ⅰ. 1-5 CBBAD 6-10 DCACB 11-15 CCCAA
16-20 DBBAC 21-24 DABC
Ⅱ. 1. hotter 2. earlier 3. healthier 4. higher
Ⅲ. 1. more; more 2. as; as
3. one of the most traditional
4. third longest