2022高考英语一轮总复习-必修5-Unit-15-Learning学案北师大版.doc

2022高考英语一轮总复习 必修5 Unit 15 Learning学案北师大版

2022高考英语一轮总复习 必修5 Unit 15 Learning学案北师大版

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Unit15　Learning
(主题语境:人与自我——生活与学习)
核心考点课堂突破　
1.suspectv.怀疑;不信任;觉得　n.可疑分子,犯罪嫌疑人　adj.可疑的;靠不住的
[教材原句]I suspect that they laid me off because the company was not doing that well but it still brought a lump to my throat and made me want to cry.(P36)我怀疑他们裁掉我是因为公司经营得不是很好,但这仍然使我喉头哽咽,让我想哭。
语境巧练
[单句语法填空]
①She suspected 　　　　　one of her three daughters—then ten,eight,and six—had picked it up,but the girls said they hadn’t. 
②In Samarkand,Mr Bissell admires the architectural wonders,while on his way to Bukhara he gets a taste of police methods when suspected 　　　　　drug dealing.(2020·新高考全国Ⅰ卷,阅读理解C篇) 
③The young man’s hesitant answer to those questions made the police 　　　　　(suspect). 
[完成句子]
④人们怀疑那个年轻人在撒谎。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　the young man is telling a lie. 
考点必记
①suspect (that)+从句怀疑……
suspect sb of (doing) sth怀疑某人(做)某事
be suspected of doing sth被怀疑做某事
②suspicious adj.可疑的,怀疑的,疑惧的
be suspicious about/of sth/sb怀疑某事/某人
it is/was suspected that...有人怀疑……
suspiciously adv.怀疑地,可疑地
[写作佳句]
All of us suspected that it was our monitor who had spent his weekends decorating our classroom.我们大家都怀疑是班长利用周末时间布置了教室。
2.instructv.指导,教导;指示,命令
[教材原句]I got my grandson to instruct me on how to email and use the Internet and I really enjoy the speed at which my messages get sent and answered.(P36)我让我的孙子教我怎样收发电子邮件和使用互联网。我真的很喜欢信息的传送和回复速度。
语境巧练
[用所给词的适当形式填空]
①Turn to an online 　　　　　(instruct) for help.(2019·全国Ⅲ卷,七选五) 
②Not feeling well,the president instructed his secretary 　　　　　(cancel) all the arrangements. 
[完成句子]
③班主任说明不应该把手机带进教室。
Our headteacher instructs that no mobile phone 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　into the classroom. 
[小话题写作]
④在一些经验丰富的农民指导我们如何辨别生的西瓜和熟的西瓜后我们开始干活了。(2020·全国Ⅱ卷,书面表达)
After some experienced farmers　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　ripe melons from green ones,we started to work. 
考点必记
①as instructed按照指示
instruct sb in sth指导/教导某人某事
instruct sb to do sth指示某人做某事
instruct sb that sb (should) do sth命令某人做某事
②instruction n.用法指南;指示
instructor n.教师,讲师
instructive adj.增长知识的;富有教育意义的
follow the instructions按照说明操作
ignore/carry out sb’s instructions 忽视/执行某人的命令
under instructions按指令
[写作佳句]
Everything done in the lab was under instructions,so nothing unexpected happened.在实验室所做的一切都是按指令进行的,所以没有什么出乎意料的事发生。
3.buryv.埋葬
[教材原句]So many people think that after you retire,all you can do is switch off your brain and bury everything you’ve ever learnt.(P36)所以很多人认为退休后你能做的就是关闭大脑,埋葬所学过的任何东西。
语境巧练
[单句语法填空]
①After failing the exam,Jim buried 　　　　　(he) in his study. 
②When these organisms die,they bury carbon 　　　　　the deep ocean,an important process that helps to regulate the global climate.(2019·北京卷,阅读理解D篇) 
③　　　　　 (bury) in studying his new machine,Professor Cheng sometimes even forgets to have his meals. 
[完成句子]
④高中时,我常常和同学们专心训练英语口语,以便我能很好掌握它。(2018·浙江卷,书面表达)
During my senior high,I would 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　spoken English with my classmates so that I had a good grasp of it. 
考点必记
bury oneself in (doing) sth埋头(做)某事
bury one’s face in one’s hands双手掩面
be buried in (doing) sth专心(做)某事
be buried in thought深思,沉思
[写作佳句]
Facing the sea,he looked at the rising sun,his hands buried in his pockets.面朝大海,他双手放在口袋里,看着冉冉升起的太阳。
4.distinguishvi.&vt.辨别;区别;显示……的差别;使……有所不同
[教材原句]If the room hadn’t been dark,he would have distinguished the two pictures.(P37)如果不是房间很暗,他就区分开那两张照片了。
语境巧练
[单句语法填空]
①As far as I know,she has already distinguished 　　　　　(she) as an athlete. 
②This task interdependence distinguishes baseball 　　　　　football and basketball.(2019·北京卷,七选五) 
③No one will ever know what mix of talent,ambition,energy and luck made Dickens such a 　　　　　(distinguish) writer.(2018·江苏卷,阅读理解A篇) 
[完成句子]
④在帮助农民们收获西瓜的活动中,我们学会了辨别哪种西瓜可能尝起来美味。(2019·北京卷,书面表达)

考点必记
①distinguish between...and...区别/辨别……和……
distinguish...from...使……有别于……
distinguish oneself (as...)(作为……)使出众;使著名
be distinguished for sth以……而著称
②distinguished adj.有尊严的,高贵的;卓越的;杰出的
[写作佳句]
The Chinese nation is distinguished for its diligence and courage.中华民族以勤劳和勇敢著称。
5.alternativeadj.非传统的;另类的;可供替代的
n.可供选择的事物
[教材原句]Jack had a “traditional” education and Nicholas had an “alternative” one.(P38)杰克接受了“传统”教育,尼古拉斯接受了“非传统”教育。
语境巧练
[单句语法填空]
①The disappearance of dinosaurs is not necessarily caused by astronomical incidents.But 　　　　　(alternative) explanations are hard to find. 
[完成句子]
②在长江和泰山这两个供选择的旅行中,我想向你推荐前者。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　,the Yangtze River and Mount Tai,the former is what I’d like to recommend to you. 
考点必记
an alternative use/way/route/road可供选择的用途/方法/路线/路
the only alternative唯一的选择
have no alternative but to do sth除做某事外别无选择
an alternative method of (doing) sth做某事的其他方法
[名师点津]
表示“除做某事外别无选择”还可用:have no choice but to do sth/can do nothing but do sth。
6.reputationn.名誉,名声
[教材原句]Due to the limited number of places and our excellent reputation,students should apply early.(P38)由于名额有限,我们声誉卓著,学生应及早申请。
语境巧练
[完成句子]
①虽然这里只有几个人知道他,但他在国外的名气却很大。
Although he is known to only a few people here,　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　is very great. 
②我们学校因帮助每位学生都能恰当地发展而有好的声誉。
Our school 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　helping each student developing properly. 
③王叔叔的主要职责是测量体温和检查出入通行证,以其热心帮助他人而著称。 (2020·全国Ⅰ卷,书面表达)
Uncle Wang whose main duty is to measure body temperature and check the passes for exit and entry　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　his passion to help others. 
考点必记
have a reputation of有……名声
have a good/bad reputation for因……而有好/坏名声
[写作佳句]
Mrs.Zhao has a good reputation for her kindness and patience to her students,which wins her respect of her students.
赵老师以对学生的友善和耐心而享有良好的声誉,赢得了她的学生的尊重。
7.lackv.&n.缺乏,没有,不足
[教材原句]I know that I wasn’t a willing student and I shouldn’t have been so difficult at school,but it was probably because I lacked confidence in myself.(P40)我知道自己不是个乐于助人的人,本来不该这么叛逆,但那也许是因为我太缺乏自信了。
语境巧练
[单句语法填空]
①This is what motivation or the lack 　　　　　it can do.(2019·全国Ⅱ卷,七选五) 
②　　　　　 (lack) a mirror image in the mother who raised me,I had to seek my identity as a woman on my own. 
③At last she realized that she failed because she was lacking　　　　　 confidence. 
[小话题写作]
④即使你有一个极好的计划,缺少行动必然一事无成。
Even if you have an excellent plan,　　　　　　　　　　is sure to lead to nothing. 
考点必记
①lack sth缺少某物
lack for nothing应有尽有
a (complete/distinct) lack of...(完全/明显)缺乏……
for/through lack of...因为缺少……
no lack of不缺少
②lacking adj.短缺的,缺乏的
be lacking in...缺少……
[写作佳句]
To be punctual one has to have self-discipline,and the lack of it affects others.一个人要守时就得要自律,缺乏自律会影响他人。
8.accessn.通道;方法;(使用或见到的)机会,权利
[教材原句]The thing about being a teacher is that you have access to children’s minds when they are open and eager to learn.(P40)作为老师,你可以在孩子们心灵顿开,渴望学习时进入他们的思想。
语境巧练
[单句语法填空]
①Depending on which role you choose,you could help to increase a community’s access 　　　　　safe drinking water,or help to protect valuable local cultures.(2019·北京卷,阅读理解A篇) 
②The Turners chose to purchase a house there because there was a school which was easily 　　　　　(access) from their neighbourhood. 
[小话题写作]
③成人礼使我们可以观看校友与疾病斗争的录像带。
The coming-of-age ceremony made us 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　a video featuring alumnus fighting against the disease. 
考点必记
①have access to拥有……的机会或权利
the only access to到……的唯一途径
get/gain access to得到……的机会或权利
②accessible adj.易受影响的;易接近的,可进入的;易理解的
accessibly adv.可到达地;可接近地;可使用地;可进入地
be accessible to容易进入……,容易接近……
[写作佳句]
These artists have made some attempt to make opera accessible to a wider public.这些艺术家们尝试着让歌剧走近更广大的民众。
9.worthwhileadj.值得努力的,值得花时间的
[教材原句]And if what I do as a teacher can help turn a child like Graham into such a successful adult,then I know what I’m doing is worthwhile.(P40)如果我作为老师所做的工作能够帮助将一个像格雷厄姆这样的孩子变成如此成功的一个成年人,那么我知道我所做的一切都是值得的。
语境巧练
[用所给词的适当形式填空]
①Melissa,his daughter,felt it more than worthwhile 　　　　　(save) his music,to which she fell asleep each night when she was young.(2019·江苏卷,阅读理解D篇) 
[用worthwhile,worth或worthy填空]
②Want to explore new cultures,meet new people and do something　　　　　 at the same time?(2019·北京卷,阅读理解A篇) 
③Their achievements are 　　　　　of the highest praise. 
④The good news is that it’s simple to learn and can be 　　　　　the effort.(2020·全国Ⅱ卷,七选五) 
考点必记
be worthwhile值得
be worthwhile to do/doing值得做
[词义精析]
①worthwhile“值得的”,指花时间(金钱、努力等)去做某事是值得的,常用于It is worthwhile doing/to do sth句型中,但不能说:sth is worthwhile doing。可做表语、定语或补足语。
②worth“值……”,后接表示价值的数词;“值得”,后接名词、代词或动词-ing形式(不能接动词不定式),常用于be worth of句型中,表示“很值得”时前面加well修饰。只可做表语。
③worthy“值得的”,常用结构为:worthy of being done和worthy to be done。可做表语或定语。
[写作佳句]
Sometimes,but not often,something worthwhile has been produced unexpectedly by accident.但有时候,并非经常,一些有价值的成就的取得纯属偶然。
10.ignorevt.忽视,不顾
[教材原句]The church and many people tended to ignore the facts and were unwilling to challenge what they had always comfortably believed.(P42) 教会和许多人经常忽视事实,不愿意去挑战他们一直坚信的一切。
语境巧练
[单句语法填空]
①Write another email as swiftly as you can and send it with a brief title explaining that this is the correct version and the previous version should 　　　　　　　(ignore). 
②Sometimes 　　　　　(ignore) and negative (消极的) outlooks on situations can create anger.(2018·北京卷,七选五) 
③Those children swimming in the river were completely ignorant 　　　　　the hidden danger. 

[完成句子]
④毫无疑问,没有人应该忽视劳动在我们成长过程中起的重要作用。(2019·北京卷,书面表达)
Without doubt,nobody should 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　that labor plays in our growth. 
考点必记
①ignore one’s advice/warning 不理会某人的建议/警告
ignore one’s remarks/protests 不理睬某人的话/抗议
②ignorance n.无知,不知
ignorant adj.无知识的;不知道的;粗野的
show ignorance of/about sth表明对……的无知
be ignorant of/about对……无知
[名师点津]
ignore的意思是deliberately refuse to greet or acknowledge (sb),即常含有“对某人故意不予理睬”之意。
[写作佳句]
Many parents are ignorant of what their kids really expect to get.许多父母对孩子真正期盼得到什么一无所知。
11.urgev.催促,力劝;强烈要求　n.强烈的欲望,冲动
[教材原句]At first,people approved of his studies and urged him to continue...(P42)刚开始,人们赞同他的研究,并催促他继续……
语境巧练
[单句语法填空]
①In this situation,new generation operation support system standards are 　　　　　(urge) required. 
②We at the NYFC need broad support as we urge Congress 　　　　　　　(increase) farmland conservation.(2018·江苏卷,阅读理解C篇) 
③Those volunteers working for the organisation feel 　　　　　urge to learn the skills in first aid. 
[完成句子]
④托马斯的妈妈催促他了解一些人工智能的知识。
Thomas’s mother　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　something about AI. 
考点必记
①urge sb to do sth/urge sb into doing sth 强烈要求某人做某事
urge sth on/upon sb对某人强调某事
have an urge to do sth有做某事的强烈愿望
urge that...(从句用should do,should可以省略)催促某人(应该)做某事
②urgent adj.紧急的,紧迫的
urgently adv.紧急地,紧迫地
urgency n.紧急的事
[语境串记]
It’s beneficial for an AI to help an elderly patient who needs urgent care because facing urgency,it can keep calm.

12.inspirev.启发,鼓舞
[教材原句]But even though Aristotle was a great man who inspired many great scientists and philosophers after him,he was wrong at times.(P43)但是即使是亚里士多德这样一位鼓舞了他之后的许多科学家和哲学家的伟大人物,有时也会出错。
语境巧练
[用所给词的适当形式填空]
①The unmanned Chang’e-4 probe(探测器)—the name 　　　　　(inspire) by an ancient Chinese moon goddess.(2020·全国Ⅰ卷,语法填空) 
②Jennifer is a first-generation graduate and an 　　　　　(inspire)to her family—and that’s pretty powerful.(2020·新高考全国Ⅰ卷,阅读理解B篇) 
③If a poet has no rich life experience,he can’t write 　　　　　(inspire) poems. 
[完成句子]
④我们的历史老师经常给我们讲一些历史上的鼓舞人心的故事,并激励我们为国家做出贡献。(2020·全国Ⅰ卷,书面表达)

考点必记
①inspire sb to do sth激励某人做某事
inspire sb with sth=inspire sth in sb激励/鼓舞某人
②inspiration n.灵感,好主意,鼓舞人的人或事
inspiring adj.鼓舞人心的
inspired adj.品质优秀的,能力卓越的
an inspiration to/for sb鼓舞或激励某人的人或事
[语境串记]
Zhong Nanshan,a really national hero,is an inspiration to all of us,and he uses his inspiring stories to inspire us to study hard.钟南山,一位真正的国家英雄,对我们所有人来说是一种鼓舞,用他鼓舞人心的故事激励我们努力学习。
[写作佳句]
Our goal is to gain a better understanding of what is needed in a career and inspire others to go after their passions.我们的目标是更好地理解在职业中所需要的东西,并激发其他人去寻找他们的激情。
13.adaptvt.(使)适应;改编　vi.适应,适合
[教材原句]For a start,it would be hard adapting to a new culture.(P44)首先,难以适应一种新的文化。
语境巧练
[用所给词的适当形式填空]
①People in Ethiopian highlands have adapted to 　　　　(live) at high altitudes.(2020·全国Ⅲ卷,阅读理解D篇) 
②On Thursday in an article published in Cell,a team of researchers reported a new kind of 　　　　　(adapt)—not to air or to food,but to the ocean.(2020·全国Ⅲ卷,阅读理解D篇) 

③Serious readers will both get excited over what happens in some news stories and adapt 　　　　　(they) to the reality. 
[完成句子]
④我写这封信是要邀请你就改编自我们的英语教科书的短剧《假如给我三天光明》给我们提一些建议。(2020·全国Ⅲ卷,书面表达)
I am writing this letter to invite you to give us some advice on the short play “Three Days to See”,which　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　our English textbook. 
考点必记
①adapt...to...使……适应……
adapt oneself to适应……
be well adapted to特别适应……
adapt...from...由……改编
②adaptable adj.能适应的,适应性强的
adaptation n.改编(本);适应
[名师点津]
adapt to中to是一个介词,后面应该用名词、代词或动词-ing形式,不可看成动词不定式符号而用动词原形。
[写作佳句]
The world has been changing and we will have to make preparations to adaptto the change at any time.世界一直在变,我们必须准备好任何时候都能适应变化。
14.layoff裁员;解雇;停止;别再打扰
[教材原句]Three months ago,when my manager told me that I would be laidoff,my mind went blank and my heart swelled with anger.(P36) 三个月前,当经理告诉我我下岗了时,我的脑海一片空白,怒火满腔。
语境巧练
[单句语法填空]
①But the bottom line is that I shouldn’t lie 　　　　　my kids.(2020·全国Ⅰ卷,完形填空) 
②Many employees were laid 　　　　　because of the lack of new orders. 
[完成句子]
③爸爸一到家就把他给儿子买的东西摆放在桌子上。
The instant Dad returned home,he 　　　　　　　　　　what he bought for his son on the table. 
考点必记
①lay out展开,布置,花费
lay up搁置不用
lay down放下;规定,制定
lay aside把……放在一边
②lie→lied→lied 撒谎
lie→lay→lain 躺,位于
lay→laid→laid 放置,产卵
[写作佳句]
It’s wise to layaside some of your money for future use.存储一些钱供将来使用是明智的。
15.tendto往往会;倾向于
[教材原句]The church and many people tended to ignore the facts and were unwilling to challenge what they had always comfortably believed.(P42) 教会和许多人经常忽视事实,不愿意去挑战他们一直坚信的一切。
语境巧练
[用所给词的适当形式填空]
①However,boys tended 　　　　　(play) with more complex puzzles than girls...(2020·全国Ⅱ卷,阅读理解B篇) 
[完成句子]
②人们往往会对他们周围的美视而不见。(2018·天津卷,阅读理解B篇)
People 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　blind to the beauty around them. 
考点必记
①tend to/towards倾向于
tend to sb照顾某人;照料某人
②have a tendency to do sth有做某事的倾向
have a tendency for有……的倾向
there is a tendency for sb to do sth某人有做某事的倾向
[名师点津]
tend to do表示“常常做”,相当于usually do,在tend后应用动词不定式。
[写作佳句]
There is a growing tendency for people to work at home instead of in offices in the future.未来人们在家里而不是在办公室里工作的趋势日益增长。
16.approveof赞成,赞许;批准
[教材原句]At first,people approvedof his studies and urged him to continue...(P42)刚开始,人们赞同他的研究,并催促他继续……
语境巧练
[单句语法填空]
①It found many youngsters (少年) now measure their status by how much public 　　　　　(approve) they get online,often through “likes”.(2018·江苏卷,阅读理解D篇) 
②Though not everyone approved 　　　　　the new dance,saying it was a little too shocking,the dance did find enough supporters to make it popular. 
[完成句子]
③经过激烈的讨论,我们班主任批准了我们制作视频以记录我们在学校的经历。
After a heated discussion,our head teacher 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　a video to record our experiences at school. 
考点必记
approval n.同意,赞成,认可
approvingly adv.赞成地,同意地
with/without approval of 经/未经……的批准
meet with one’s approval 得到某人的同意
[名师点津]
表示赞成及反对的方式还有: