2022届高考英语一轮总复习-必修四-Unit-2-Working-the-land学案新人教版.doc

2022届高考英语一轮总复习 必修四 Unit 2 Working the land学案新人教版

2022届高考英语一轮总复习 必修四 Unit 2 Working the land学案新人教版

年级：
姓名：

Unit 2　Working the land

必备知识·盘点夯基
BI BEI ZHI SHI PAN DIAN HANG JI
Ⅰ．单词立体巧记

写准记牢
语境运用
核
心
单
词
1．__decade__n．十年；十年期
2．__soil__n．土壤
3．__export__vt．& vi．输出；出口
4．__regret__ vt．遗憾；惋惜
n．遗憾；懊悔
5．__comment__ n．评论；议论
vi．& vt．表达意见；作出评论
6．__focus__n．焦点；中心点
vt．集中；聚焦
7．__therefore__ adv．因此；所以；因而
8．__reduce__vt．减少；减缩
9．__struggle__ vi．& n．斗争；拼搏；努力
10．__expand__vt．& vi．使变大；伸展
11．__grain__ n．谷物；粮食；颗粒
12．__battle__n．战斗；战役
1．Health and environmental problems have increasingly become the __focus__ (焦点) of concern．
2．(2020·全国卷Ⅰ)Glowing plants could reduce this distance and __therefore__(因此)help save energy．
3．The children talked so loudly at dinner table that I had to __struggle__ (努力) to be heard．
4．I __regretted__ (遗憾) to tell you that I can't travel to Beijing together with you at the appointed time．
5．Miss Li went through my composition and made some useful __comments__ (comment) about it．
6．According to the doctor, people should eat less fat to __reduce__ (reduce) the risk of some diseases．
7．__Expanding__ (expand) your knowledge by reading more books is a wise choice．
8．It's said that the clothes produced in this factory are mainly __exported__(export) to other countries．

拓
展
单
词
1．__hunger__n．饥饿；欲望vt．& vi．(使)饥饿→__hungry__ adj．饥饿的；渴望得到的
2．__equip__ vt．& vi．配备；装备→__equipment__ n．设备(不可数)
3．__export__ vt．& vi．输出；出口→__import__ (反义词)vt．& vi．输入；进口
4．__confuse__ vt．使迷惑；使为难→__confusing__ adj．令人迷惑的→__confused__ adj．感到迷惑的→__confusion__ n．迷惑
5．__discovery__n．发现→__discover__ v． 发现
6．__nationality__n． 国籍→__nation__ n．国家；民族→__national__ adj．民族的
7．__personality__n．性格；人格→__personal__ adj．个人的→__personally__ adv．亲自地；就自己而言
8．__freedom__n．自由；自主→__free__ adj．自由的
9．__disturb__ v． 打扰；妨碍；使不安→__disturbing__ adj．引起烦恼的；令人不安的→__disturbed__adj．烦恼的；不安的

1．He was really __confused__ by the __confusing__ problem which also __confused__ other people for a long time．(confuse)
2．Our school offers good__ equipment__ and you will be well __equipped with knowledge and skills for your future job．(equip)
3．__Disturbing__ news came that the virus spread quickly, which made us rather __disturbed__．(disturb)
4．Madam Curie __discovered__ Radium, and many scientists were surprised at her __discovery__ at that time． (discover)
5．Women have gained the __freedom__ to decide whether to marry or not, and they are __free__ to choose their jobs at present． (free)
6．Owing to the great __hunger__，a great number of __hungry__ children died． (hungry)

联想积累：
1．常见的连接性副词汇总
①therefore 　　因此；所以；因而
②thus 因此；因而
③furthermore 此外；而且
④consequently 因此，所以
⑤moreover 而且；此外
⑥nevertheless 不过；仍然
2．“评论”名词知多少
①comment 评论；议论
②remark 评论
③review 回顾；复习；评论
④criticism 批评
⑤statement 声明；陈述
3．加后缀-ment构成的名词面面观
①equip→equipment 　装备
②develop→development 发展
③move→movement 移动
④establish→establishment 建立
⑤employ→employment 雇用

Ⅱ．短语语境助记
写准记牢
语境运用
1．__thanks to__ 幸亏；由于；因为
2．__rid．．．of__使……摆脱或除去
3．__be satisfied with__对……感到满意
4．__would rather__ 宁愿；宁可
5．__build up__逐渐增强；建立；开发
6．__lead to__导致；造成(后果)
7．__focus on__集中(注意力、精力等)于
8．__be rich in__ 盛产
9．__keep．．．free from/of__使……免受(影响、伤害等)；
使……不含(有害物)
10．__keep on__继续做某事
语境运用
1．__Thanks to__ the high-speed trains，we can go around all over the country more conveniently．
2．It is not easy for Jack to __rid__ himself __of__ the bad habit of smoking．
3．The amazed look on the English teacher's face suggested that she __was satisfied with__ our performance．
4．(2020·新高考卷阅读)Take the fear out of public speaking by __focusing on__ your listeners．
5．People from all walks of life should build a society where they __keep__ their children __free from/of__ violence．
6．He learned later that it was his carelessness that __ led to__his failure in the exam．
Ⅲ．句式运用速记
背会原句
知晓考点
我会仿用
1．If so, what did you do to grow them?
如果是这样的话，你怎样来种植这些植物？

if so意为“如果是这样的话”，是if引导的条件状语从句的省略形式。
1．(全国卷Ⅲ书面表达)你愿意加入我们校乒乓球队吗？如果愿意，请尽快给我发邮件。
Would you like to join our school table tennis team? __If so__，please email me as soon as possible．

2．He would much rather keep time for his hobbies．
他宁愿把时间花在自己的业余爱好上。

would rather(not) do sth．“宁愿(不)做……”。
2．我今晚宁愿待在家里看点书。
I would rather __stay at home and__ do some reading this evening．

3．In 1973, he became the first agricultural pioneer in the world to grow rice that has a high output．
1973年，他成了世界上第一位种植高产水稻的农业先锋。

the first/last/best/right/only/very．．．＋n．＋to do sth．“第一个/最后一个/最好的一个/合适的/唯一的/恰好的……做某事的人/物”。
3．(2018·全国卷Ⅰ，书面表达)重要的是，老人是第一个品尝餐桌上美食的人，因为在中国老人受尊重。
Most importantly, the elderly are __the first to taste the delicious food__served on the table because they are well respected in China．

4．This special strain of rice makes it possible to produce 20% more of the crop in the same fields．
这种特殊的稻种使得同样的田地多收获20%的产量。

“make it＋adj．＋动词不定式”结构。
4．(浙江卷)被称为荷尔蒙的身体的化学物质的变化不仅使青少年的身体出现成人特征，而且使青少年在晚上11点前难以入睡。
Changing levels of body chemicals called hormones not only make teenagers' bodies develop adult characteristics, but also __make it hard for teenagers to fall asleep__ before 11 p．m．．

核心素养·精讲层练
HE XIN SU YANG JING JIANG CENG LIAN

1．struggle vi．& n． 斗争；拼搏；努力
归纳拓展
(1)struggle for．．．为……斗争
struggle against/with．．． 同……作斗争
struggle to do sth．努力做某事
(2)struggle to one's feet 挣扎着站起来
层级训练
夯基—单句语法填空。
①Despite his terrible injuries, he wouldn't give up the struggle __for__ life．
②To get an education, he was struggling __against/with__ many difficulties．
③(北京高考)Because a college community (群体) differs from the family, many students will struggle __to find__(find) a sense of belonging．
夯基—完成句子。
④Bravely, Mary __struggled to her feet__，and fought against the wind and rain beating against her．
玛丽勇敢地挣扎着站起来，同扑向她的暴风雨搏斗着。
提能—单句写作。
⑤(湖南高考书面表达)海伦·凯勒19个月大时就变得又聋又瞎了，但她从不放弃并努力过积极的生活。
Helen Keller became deaf and blind when she was 19 months old, but she never gave up and __struggled to lead/live an active life__．
2．equip vt． (equipped, equipped) 配备；装备
词汇拓展
equipment n．装备；设备(不可数名词)
用法归纳
(1)equip．．．with．．．用……装备……(表动作)
be equipped with．．．装备着……(表状态)
equip．．．for sth．/to do sth．为了(做)某事而装备……
be well/poorly equipped设备精良的/差的
(2)a piece of equipment一件设备
温馨提示
equipment为equip的名词形式，意为“设备”“器材”，是不可数名词，表示“一件”这一数量时，其前加a piece of；类似用法的有：furniture，luggage，baggage，jewellery等。
层级训练
夯基—单句语法填空。
①We want our son to have a good education that will equip him
__for__ future life．
②Please equip yourself __with__ a sharp pencil and a rubber for the exam．
③If it were not for the modern __equipment__ (equip), such experiments would not be able to be performed．
提能—完成句子。
④Our school __is equipped with__ much advanced __equipment__ bought from abroad．
我们学校配备有许多从国外购买的先进设备。
3．confuse vt．使迷惑；使为难；使混乱；混淆
词汇拓展
confused adj． 困惑的；烦恼的
confusing adj．令人费解的；使人困惑的
confusion n．困惑
用法归纳
confuse．．．with/and．．．把……与……混淆；辨别不清
be confused by．．．被……弄混；糊涂
层级训练
夯基—单句语法填空。
①I always confuse John __with__ his brother; they are so much alike．
②There was a __confused__ look on his face when he met with a __confusing__ problems．(confuse)
提能—单句写作。
③(2018·江苏卷书面表达)For example, there are huge amounts of reference books which I am often __confused to choose from__．
例如，有大量的参考书，我经常会对选择感到困惑。
4．regret vt．遗憾；后悔　n． 遗憾；懊悔；遗憾的事
归纳拓展
(1)regret doing/having done sth．后悔做了某事
regret to say/tell/inform．．．that．．．遗憾地说/告诉/通知……
(2)(much) to one's regret/to one's (great) regret 使某人(非常)遗憾的是
with regret遗憾地
巧学助记
I regretted to tell him that he had been dismissed．To my surprise，he said to me，“I have no regrets．I only regret having taken the wrong job．”
我遗憾地告诉他他被解雇了。使我惊奇的是，他对我说：“我没有什么遗憾。我唯一后悔的是选错了工作。”
层级训练
夯基—单句语法填空。
①I regret __leaving__(leave) the work unfinished; I should have planned everything ahead carefully．
②I regret __to tell__(tell) you that your problems are beyond my power． You'll have to turn to some other one, I'm afraid．
③__To__ my great regret, we have no much time left to discuss the problem．
提能—一句多译。
(山东高考书面表达)我很遗憾地告诉你我不能在约定的时间和你去北京了。
④__I regret to tell you that I can't__ go to Beijing with you at appointed time．(regret vt．)
⑤Much to my __regret__，I can't go to Beijing with you at appointed time．(regret n．)
5．focus n．焦点；中心　vt．集中；聚焦
归纳拓展
(1)focus on/upon集中(注意力、精力等)于
focus one's attention/eyes/energy on．．．把注意力/目光/精力集中在……
focus．．．on．．．把……聚集在……上面
(2)adjust the focus调整焦点/焦距
in focus对准焦距
out of focus没对准焦距，模糊
the focus of attention/concern注意力/关注的焦点
层级训练
夯基—单句语法填空。
①(2019·浙江卷写作)High-quality praise should focus __on/upon__ children's efforts, rather than on results．
②With his attention __focused__ (focus) on his homework, he forgot all about what I had told him．
③With so many people __focusing__ (focus) their eyes on him, he felt very nervous．
提能—单句写作。
④(福建高考书面表达)这表明当今社会的一个普遍现象：孩子是家庭的中心，承载着父母的希望。
It shows a common phenomenon nowadays that __children are the focus of families__，shouldering the hope of their parents．
6．lead to导致；造成；通往
归纳拓展
lead sb．to do sth．使某人做某事
lead sb．to a place带领某人去某地
lead the way领路
lead sb． by the nose牵着某人的鼻子走
lead/live a ．．．life过着……生活
温馨提示
lead to中的to是介词，后接名词、代词或动词-ing形式。表示导致的短语还有：result in，contribute to，bring about等。
层级训练
夯基—单句语法填空。
①(湖北高考短文写作)Questioning can lead to__searching __(search)for an answer．
②The discovery of new evidence led to the thief's __being caught__(catch)．
③In class I will divide the students into small groups and lead them __to practice__(practice) speaking English in an interesting way．
④Diligence is the path __leading__(lead) to happiness．
提能—一句多译。
众所周知，成功在于努力，然而懒惰导致失败。
⑤As we all know, success lies in hard work __while laziness leads to failure__．
⑥It is well-known that success lies in hard work __while laziness results in failure__．(result)
⑦What is well-known to us is that success lies in hard work __while failure results from laziness__．(result)
7．build up 逐渐增强；增强……的体质；建立；创办；开发；聚集；积累
归纳拓展
pick up 捡起；(无意中)学会；接收
take up 拿起；开始；从事
hang up 挂起来；挂断电话
dress up 穿上盛装；打扮
make up 虚构；弥补；组成
show up 出现；露面
bring up 抚养；教养
break up 分裂；打碎
层级训练
夯基—写出下列句中build up的含义。
①For one thing, it not only helps to build up our physical health, but helps us learn more effectively in turn．__增强……的体质__
②He devoted himself to building up the ruined country．__建立__
③Don't let your anger build up, which is harmful to your health．__积累__
④His confidence built up gradually as he gained more and more experience in teaching．__逐渐增强__
提能—选用up短语填空。
⑤It didn't take me long to__pick up__the basic knowledge of the language．
⑥We were__dressed up__for the party but she was still in her ordinary clothes．
⑦Many retired people__take up__gardening as a hobby．
8．If so，what did you do to grow them?
如果是这样的话，你怎样来种植这些植物？
归纳拓展
if so“如果是这样的话”，是if引导的条件状语从句的省略形式，表示肯定意义；如果表示否定意义，则用if not。when, whenever, though, although, unless等连词也常见于省略句结构中。
if构成的其他省略形式：
if any如果有的话
if possible如果可能的话
if necessary如果必要的话
if ever如果有过的话(曾经发生)
层级训练
夯基—完成句子。
①Is anybody feeling cold? __If not__，let us open the windows!
有人感到冷吗？如果没有的话 ，我们把窗子打开吧！
②__If possible__，try to go to bed and wake up at the same time every day．
如果可能的话，尝试每天都在同一时间睡觉和起床。
③She seldom, if ever，goes to the opera．
她很少去看歌剧。
提能—单句写作。
④(2019·全国卷Ⅲ)我是李华，我想知道周末你是否有空。如果有空，咱们一起参加我校的音乐节吧。
I'm Li Hua． I'm wondering if you are available at the weekend．
__If so，let's attend the music festival of our school．__
9．He would much rather keep time for his hobbies．
他宁愿把时间花在自己的业余爱好上。
归纳拓展
句中would rather (not) do sth．意为“宁愿(不)做……”。would rather的其他用法还有：
(1)
(2)would rather＋从句
层级训练
夯基—单句语法填空。
①I would rather you __had finished__(finish) your homework yesterday．
②She would rather you __came__(come) tomorrow than today．
③I would rather __stay__(stay) at home at the weekend, reading some English novels．
提能—一句多译。
为了过低碳生活，一些人宁愿坐公交也不愿开车去上班。
④__To live a low-carbon life__，some people __would rather take the bus than drive a car__ to work． (to do不定式；would rather．．．than)
⑤__In order to live a low-carbon life__，some people __would take the bus rather than drive a car__ to work． (in order to；would．．．rather than)
⑥Some people __prefer to take the bus rather than drive a car__ to work __so that__ they can live a low-carbon life． (so that; prefer to do．．．rather than)

高效演练·素能提升
GAO XIAO YAN LIAN SU NENG TI SHENG
Ⅰ．单句语法填空
1．It's our hope that we will play a greater role in the market place and__therefore__，supply more jobs．
解析： 考查副词。由题意可知，此处填“因此”；结合and和逗号可知填therefore。句意：我们希望我们会在工作市场上起更大的作用，因此提供更多的工作。
2．The climate here is quite pleasant, the temperature rarely, if __ever__，reaching 30℃ in summer．
解析：考查省略句。句意：这里的气候宜人，如果曾经有，在夏季气温极少达到30摄氏度。if ever“如果曾经有”；如果曾经发生。根据句中的关键词quite pleasant(宜人)，rarely(极少)可知，空格处表达的意思是“如果曾经有(if ever)”。if ever相当于if it(the temperature) ever reached 30℃ in summer。故填ever。
3．(陕西高考)We would rather our daughter __stayed__(stay) at home with us, but it is her choice, and she is not a child any longer．
解析：考查虚拟语气。句意：我们宁愿我们的女儿和我们一起待在家里，但是那是她的选择，她已经不再是一个小孩子了。would rather后接that从句时，(此省去了连词that)要用虚拟语气，如果与现在或将来事实相反，从句用一般过去时态；如果与过去事实相反，从句用过去完成时。根据后面的it is her choice可以判断这件事情还没发生，因而从句用一般过去时。故填stayed。
4．Bears build__up__ fat stores throughout the summer and fall to have energy enough to last them through their winter sleep．
解析：考查动词短语。句意：狗熊在夏天和秋天开始脂肪的储存以使他们有足够的能量来度过冬眠。build up“积聚；逐渐增加”。故填up。
5．It sounds like something is wrong with the car's engine．If __so__，we'd better take it to the garage immediately．
解析：考查省略。句意：听起来好像是车的发动机出毛病了。如果这样的话，我们最好立刻把它带到修车厂去。if so“如果这样的话”。故填so。
6． (全国卷Ⅲ阅读)Research shows that giving up driving is one of the key reasons for a fall in health and well-being among older people, leading to them __becoming__(become) more isolated (隔绝) and inactive．
解析：考查固定短语。lead to中to是介词，后接-ing形式作宾语。故填becoming。
7．—Cathy, what are you going to do this weekend?
—__If__possible, I'm going to see my parents in the countryside．
解析：考查省略。答语句意：如果可能的话，我要去看望乡下的父母。if possible“如果可能的话”。故填if。
8．At first I regretted __inviting__(invite) them to stay, but we soon became great friends．
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：起初，我后悔邀请他们留下来，但是我们很快成了朋友。regret doing“后悔做了某事”。故填inviting。
9．(2020·全国卷Ⅱ)The plum trees are the first __to flower__ (flower) even as the snow is melting．
解析：考查非谓语动词。序数词后用不定式作定语。故填to flower。
10．Thanks to your help, we completed the task ahead of time．
解析：考查固定短语。thanks to“幸亏；由于”。故填to。
11．(2018·全国卷Ⅲ)Today, many Chinese people are learning Western styles and theories rather than focusing __on__ Chinese traditions．
解析：考查介词。focus on “聚焦于；集中注意力于”。故填on。
12．—To get a slim figure, Fanny has tried many ways, but in vain．
—So now she is reduced to not __eating__(eat) anything for supper．
解析：考查固定短语。句意：——为了有一个苗条的体形，范妮尝试了许多方法，但都徒劳。——因此现在她被迫晚饭什么都不吃。be reduced to doing sth．“沦落到做某事，陷入……的境地”。故填动名词eating。
13．The United Nations is trying to free the world __from/of__ the threat of war．
解析：考查固定短语。free．．．from/of．．．“使……免于……”。故填介词from/of。
14．His contribution to the boy's welfare was to equip him __for__ the world in which he would live．
解析：考查介词。句意：他对孩子福利事业的贡献是为了让自己有