2022高考英语一轮总复习-必修5-Unit-13-People学案北师大版.doc

2022高考英语一轮总复习 必修5 Unit 13 People学案北师大版

2022高考英语一轮总复习 必修5 Unit 13 People学案北师大版

年级：
姓名：

必修5　Unit13　People
(主题语境:人与社会——社会服务与人际沟通)
核心考点课堂突破　
1.gainvt.&vi.&n.获得;增加;赢得;(钟表)快;收益
[教材原句]Well,knowing these things can help you gain a better sense of yourself as a reader,writer and thinker,and you can develop the tools to become a better learner.(P4)了解这些事情可以帮助你获得你自己的作为读者、作家和思想家更好的感觉,并且你可以开发工具以成为更好的学习者。
语境巧练
[单句语法填空]
①Staying at home,he gains fun 　　　　　watching these videos. 
②Practising speaking in public,not only has he improved his ability but he has also gained 　　　　　more confidence. 
[完成句子]
③通过参加典礼,我不仅获得了一些知识,还受到鼓励与队友们协作。
By attending the ceremony,not only have I　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　but I am also encouraged to work together with my teammates. 
考点必记
gain confidence获得自信
gain by/from从……中获益
gain in增长;增加
gain weight增重
gain time赢得时间
No pains,no gains.不劳无获。
[写作佳句]
Only by working hard can we at last become successful.Just as the saying goes,“Nopains,nogains.”我们只有通过努力才能最终获得成功,正如谚语所说:“不劳无获。”
2.concentratevi.&vt.集中(思想、注意力等);使……集中(或集合、聚集)
[教材原句]Concentrate on what is really important.(P5)集中注意力于真正重要的内容。
语境巧练
[单句语法填空]
①Ocean colour varies from green to blue,depending on the type and 　　　　　(concentrate) of phytoplankton(海洋微生物).(2019·北京卷,阅读理解D篇) 
②In this class,students concentrate 　　　　　learning to develop films. 
[小话题写作]
③在过去的两个月,我们一直专注练习打排球,希望赢得冠军。(2019·全国Ⅱ卷,书面表达)

考点必记
①concentrate on/upon 集中于……
concentrate one’s attention on/upon...把某人的注意力集中在……
②concentrated adj.集中的;浓缩的;全神贯注的
concentration n.专心;集中(注意力)
[写作佳句]
Don’t get yourself tired because when you are tired,you’ll find it hard to concentrateon your study.别让自己太过疲劳,因为你疲劳时,你会发现你难以集中注意力去学习。
3.associatevt.联想,联系
[教材原句]Memories are stored through associating new memories with old ones.(P5)记忆是通过将新记忆与旧记忆相关联被存储起来的。
语境巧练
[单句语法填空]
①Bamboo plants are associated 　　　　　health,abundance and a happy home.(2020·全国Ⅱ卷,语法填空) 
②His English improved enormously because of his 　　　　　(associate) with British people. 
[完成句子]
③我们与本地一些公司联合为无家可归的人筹款。
We are working 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　a number of local companies to raise money for the homeless. 
考点必记
①associate...with....把……和……联系/联想起来
associate with sb与某人交往或打交道
associate oneself with sth声称或表示赞成某事
②association n.协会,联盟,交往,关联,联系,联想
in association with与……相联系,与……联合
[写作佳句]
We not only associate the heart with livelihood,but it is also one of main symbols of love.我们不仅将心与生活联系起来,而且它也是爱的主要象征之一。
4.predictvt.预言,预测,预报
[教材原句]Supported by his academic research,Professor Salovey suggests that when predicting someone’s future success,their character,as measured by EQ tests,might actually matter more than their IQ.(P8)萨洛维教授以自己的学术研究作为依据,认为预测一个人未来的成功,其性格(可用EQ来测量),实际上比其智力(可用IQ测量)的作用更为重要。
语境巧练
[用所给词的适当形式填空]
①Puzzle play was found to be a significant 　　　　　(predict) of cognition(认知)after controlling for differences in parents’ income,education and the amount of parent talk,Levine said.(2020·全国Ⅱ卷,阅读理解B篇) 
②It’s hard 　　　　　　　(predict) when driverless cars will be everywhere on our roads.(2018·北京卷,阅读理解D篇) 
[完成句子]
③难以预测这一新规可能会带来的负面影响。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　the possible side effects the new regulation will have. 
考点必记
①predict sth 预测某事
predict that/what/when...预测……
②predictable adj.可预见的;意料之中的
prediction n.预测,预报;预言
predictive adj.预言性的,成为前兆的
predictor n.预言家
[语境串记]
Some predictors spend many of their time predicting what will happen in the future,thinking all is predictive and that their predictions are sure to become reality.
一些预言家花费很多时间来预测将来会发生什么,他们认为一切都是可预测的,并且他们的预测肯定会成为现实。
5.deservevt.应得,值得
[教材原句]For example,have you ever wondered why some of the smartest students in your class,who you think deserve good grades,sometimes end up failing exams?(P8)例如,你想过为什么班里有些你认为应该得到好分数的最聪明的学生有时结果会考不及格吗?
语境巧练
[单句语法填空]
①It’s true that she made a serious mistake,but she hardly deserved 　　　　　(lose) her job. 
②All these heroes deserve 　　　　　　　　　　(respect) because they have all done something great to us all. 
③Congratulations again on your promotion.You deserve 　　　　　. 
[完成句子]
④我的父亲,一位普通的老师,一直致力于帮助培养他所教的每个学生,值得受到崇敬。(2020·全国Ⅰ卷,书面表达)
My father,an ordinary teacher,who always devotes to helping develop each student he teaches,　　　　　　　　　　. 
考点必记
①deserve sth 应得到……
deserve it理应得到
deserve doing/to be done值得做
deserve to do应该做……;理应做……
deserve attention/consideration值得注意/考虑
②deserving adj.值得的;应得的
[名师点津]
①deserve不用于进行时态。
②deserve doing/to be done意义和be worth doing相近,而deserve to do意义则与should do/be supposed to do相近。
6.desiren.渴望,欲望　v.渴望,想要
[教材原句]Tour guides need to be independent,outgoing and have a desire to share information.(P10)导游需要独立、外向,并渴望分享信息。
语境巧练
[单句语法填空]
①Publishers already in business,people who were owners of successful papers,had little desire 　　　　　(change) the tradition.(2019·全国Ⅲ卷,阅读理解C篇) 
②With the summer holiday approaching,the mother desires that her son 　　　　　(return). 
③An interviewee’s answer that shows 　　　　　desire to improve behavior and continuously learn and grow is important. 
[小话题写作]
④我哥哥,一名光荣的士兵如此感动我,我渴望将来有一天能参军。(2020·全国Ⅰ卷,书面表达)
So moved am I by my brother,a glorious soldier that I　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　the army one day. 
考点必记
①desire for sth渴望得到某物
have a desire to do/for sth有做某事/要某物的欲望/愿望
desire to do sth想做某事
desire sb to do sth想让某人做某事
if desired如果想要的话
desire that sb (should)+v.要求某人做……
②desirable adj.可取的,值得拥有的,值得做的
desirous adj.渴望的,希望的
[写作佳句]
More than 2,000 years ago,our ancestors,driven by a desire for friendship,opened the Silk Roads,starting a great era of exchanges among civilizations.
两千多年前,在渴望得到友谊的驱使下,我们的祖先开辟了丝绸之路,开创了文明之间交流的伟大时代。
7.sheltern.居所,住处;遮蔽;避难处　vi.掩蔽;躲避
[教材原句]They might be shelteringin a cave.(P12)他们也许躲在一个洞穴里。
语境巧练
[单句语法填空]
①It was so hot that the travellers stopped and stood under the big tree,sheltering 　　　　　the heat. 
②She told me that some of the children lived with an older lady in 　　　　　shelter while others slept on the streets. 
[完成句子]
③童年时,我常坐在屋前的大树下遮阳。
During my childhood,I used to sit under the big tree before my house,　　　　　　　　　　the sun. 
考点必记
①shelter sb/sth from...给某人/某物提供庇护处;保护某人/某物
take shelter from the rain/wind/bad weather躲避雨/风/恶劣的天气
shelter...from...保护……不受……的破坏
a bus shelter公共汽车站的候车亭
②sheltered adj.有遮蔽物的
[写作佳句]
It’s our parents who always shelter us from the rain and wind.正是我们的父母一直保护着我们躲避风雨。
8.reliefn.宽慰,轻松,解脱;减轻,消除;缓和;救济品
[教材原句]It’ll be a real relief when they’re found.(P12)找到他们将真正是令人宽慰的事。
语境巧练
[单句语法填空]
①It was 　　　　　relief and I came to a sudden stop just in the middle in the road. 
②A bright red cloud enveloped the animal,and 　　　　　Mac’s relief,it fell back,shaking its head. 
③　　　　　 (relief),I sat back in an easy chair and fell asleep. 
考点必记
①(much)to one’s relief 令某人感到(非常)宽慰/庆幸的是
a sense of relief一种解脱感
give a patient relief from pain使病人减轻痛苦
②relieve v.减轻,解除,救济
relieve sb from anxiety消除某人的忧虑
relieve sb of...解除某人的……(如负担、责任等)
[写作佳句]
My father’s own story relieved me from anxiety.我父亲自己的经历消除了我的忧虑。
9.confirmv.证实
[教材原句]After confirming that I was,Jenny said that she had noticed I’d left my book in the library and as my name was in it,she’d asked a librarian to get my phone number from their files.(P14)在确定是我以后,詹妮说她发现我把书留在了图书馆,因为书上有我的名字,她让图书管理员从档案中找到了我的电话号码。
语境巧练
[单句语法填空]
①The survey collects large quantities of 　　　　　(confirm) data,proving the influence the behavior has on a teenager’s growth. 
②Many people have claimed to have seen the alien which is not 　　　　　(confirm). 
[完成句子]
③确定你对中国文化感兴趣,我建议你申请中国最好的大学之一,北京大学。(2018·北京卷,书面表达)
　　　　　　　　you are interested in Chinese culture,I suggest you apply for Peking University,one of the best universities in China. 
考点必记
①confirm that...确认……
It’s/It has been confirmed that...已经确定……
confirm sb in one’s belief that...某人更加坚定……
②confirmation n.证实,确认书
confirmable adj.可证实的
confirmed adj.习惯的,根深蒂固的,得到确认的
[写作佳句]
The expression on his face confirmed me in my belief that he must have had an excellent performance in the final.他脸上的表情让我更加坚信他在决赛中表现一定十分出色。
10.accountn.(银行)账户;说明,描述,理由　v.解释,导致,把……视为
[教材原句]As an experienced accountant,my father has gained the respect of his colleagues.(P15)作为一位经验丰富的会计师,我父亲已经得到同事的尊重。
语境巧练
[单句语法填空]
①The results held true even after the scientists accounted　　　　　 the participants’ overall health status.(2020·浙江卷,阅读理解C篇) 
②Not taking the possible problems　　　　　 account,their plan failed at last. 
[小话题写作]
③新技术的应用和电影明星的广泛吸引力也可以解释这种增加的原因。
The application of new technologies and the wide appeal of movie stars could also　　　　　　　　　　the increase. 
考点必记
①open an account开户头
on account of因为……理由
on no account绝不
take...into account=take ...into consideration考虑……
take no account of不考虑
account for占;说明……的原因;导致
②accountant n.会计,会计师
[名师点津]
①on no account表示“绝不”,放在句首句子使用部分倒装结构。
②account for表示“导致”时类似于make for,contribute to,lead to,result in等。
11.devotevt.投身于;献身于,专心致志于(与介词to连用)
[教材原句]She devotes a lot of her time to caring the neighbours.(P17) 她把大量的时间都用在照顾邻居上。
语境巧练
[用所给词的适当形式填空]
①The Cloisters museum and gardens is a branch of The Metropolitan Museum of Art 　　　　　(devote) to the art and architecture of Europe in the Middle Ages.(2018·江苏卷,阅读理解A篇) 
②President Xi calls for total 　　　　　(devote) to creating a modern powerful China by this mid-century. 
③Neighbors devoted their spare time to 　　　　　(help) others rebuild. 
考点必记
①devote...to (doing) sth 把……奉献给……,把……用于……
devote oneself to (doing) sth致力于(做)某事;献身于(做)某事
be devoted to (doing) sth献身于(做)某事,专心于(做)某事
②devotion n.关爱;奉献;专心
devoted adj.忠诚的,全心全意的
[写作佳句]
China is using her One Belt and One Road Initiatives to bedevotedto benefiting the whole mankind.中国正在用其“一带一路”倡议致力于造福全人类。
12.wonderv.想知道;感到惊讶　n.惊讶,惊叹;奇迹;奇才
[高考佳句]I wonder if parents should always tell the truth no matter the consequences.(2020·全国Ⅰ卷,完形填空)
语境巧练
[用所给词的适当形式填空]
①Fields of flowers,tile-roofed(瓦屋顶) villages and tasty meals enrich this 　　　　　(wonder) experience.(2020·全国Ⅲ卷,阅读理解A篇) 
②　　　　　(wonder) how my mum could consume them so quickly,I began observing her daily routine for two weeks. 
[完成句子]
③最近,我和我的同学一起做了一个短剧,我想知道你是否可以抽出一些时间给我们提一些建议。(2020·全国Ⅲ卷,书面表达)
Recently I together with my classmates made a short play and　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　you could spare some time to give us several pieces of advice about it. 
考点必记
①wonder if/whether...想知道是否……
wonder at sth 对某事感到吃惊
(It’s) no wonder...难怪……,……不足为奇
It’s a wonder that...令人惊奇的是……
wonder about想弄明白某事,想知道某事
②wonderful adj.精彩的
wonderfully adv.精彩地
[写作佳句]
Bill is an optimistic person.It’s no wonder whenever we see him,he always wears a smile on his face.比尔是个乐观的人,难怪无论什么时候我们见到他,他都面带微笑。
13.can’thelpdoingsth禁不住做某事
[教材原句]I couldn’thelplaughing at this and I invited her back to my apartment for a quick cup of tea.(P14)听了这话我忍不住笑了,然后我邀请她回我家喝杯茶。
语境巧练
[用所给词的适当形式填空]
①Travelling on the high-speed train,we couldn’t help 　　　　　(admire) the rapid development of our motherland. 
②Dad is always very busy,and he can’t help 　　　　　(do) the housework,even at weekends. 
③Looking back,he couldn’t help but 　　　　　(wonder) whether he could have been admitted to a top university if he’d studied diligently. 
[完成句子]
④我们被告知葡萄没有经过农药处理,因此我们在采摘时不禁吃了葡萄。(2020·全国Ⅱ卷,书面表达)
We　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　the grapes while picking them,as we were told the grapes hadn’t been treated with pesticides. 
考点必记
(can’t) help (to) do sth (不能)帮忙做某事
cannot help but do sth禁不住做某事
cannot choose but do sth不得不做某事
can’t help (it) 没有办法,控制不了
have no choice but to do sth除了做某事以外别无选择
help sb with sth帮助某人某事
help sb (to) do sth帮助某人做某事
[名师点津]
can’t help doing和can’t help but do均表示“情不自禁做……”,注意后面动词的形式不同。
14.it’s...that...强调结构
[教材原句]At work,itis IQ that gets you hired but it is EQ that gets you promoted.(P8)在职场上,一个人的智商决定了你能否被录用,而情商则决定了你能否得到提拔。
语境巧练
[单句语法填空]
①But remember,it’s you 　　　　　have to grow and read and reread in order to better understand your friends.(2020·全国Ⅰ卷,阅读理解B篇) 
②It’s this strange form 　　　　　makes race walking such an attractive activity,however,says Jaclyn Norberg,an assistant professor of exercise science at Salem State University in Salem,Mass.(2020·全国Ⅰ卷,阅读理解C篇) 
③It was when I got back to my apartment 　　　　　I first came across my new neighbors. 
[完成句子]
④另外,正是由于你的帮助,我的英语口语得到了改善,现在我成为一名英语志愿者,为有需要的外国人提供帮助。(2019·浙江卷,书面表达)
Additionally,　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　my spoken English has improved and now I have become an English volunteer to help the foreigners in need. 
考点必记
①英语中对除了谓语以外的成分进行强调时,可以使用it’s...that...结构。
②被强调部分是人时,可以用it’s...that/who...结构。
[写作佳句]
It’s how we fight for our dream not what will achieve that matters.是我们如何为梦想而奋斗,而不是我们获得什么成就更为重要。
15.Itisgenerallybelievedthat...句型
[教材原句]Itisgenerallybelievedthat people with high EQs are open to new ideas and have positive attitudes towards life.(P9)人们普遍认为高情商的人容易接受新思想,并对生活持积极态度。
语境巧练
[完成句子]
①人们普遍相信熬夜对我们健康有害。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　staying up does harm to our health. 
②人们普遍相信教育能对一个人的人生产生影响。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　education can make a difference to a person’s life. 
③人们普遍认为EQ比IQ更重要。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　EQ is more important than IQ. 
考点必记
①句中It is generally believed that...是一个常用句型,表示“人们通常相信……;人们普遍认为……”。句中的that 引导的从句是句子真正的主语,it为形式主语。它相当于People generally believe that...。
②类似地,guess,think,suppose,accept等动词也可用于此结构。
[写作佳句]
It’sgenerallybelievedthat Chinese 5G technology is the most advanced.人们普遍相信中国5G技术是最先进的。
16.Aisas...,ifnot...thanB.句型
[教材原句]The results of studies such as these show that EQ is as important,if not more important than IQ.(P9)这类研究结果表明,即使情商不比智商更重要,也至少与智商同样重要。
语境巧练
[完成句子]
①努力如果不是比智力更为重要,也是和它一样重要。
Hard work is as important,　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　intelligence. 
②我想证明,不上大学我就能自学一门受人尊重的职业,并且,不比我的竞争对手好的话,也至少和他们一样好。
I want to prove that I can teach myself a respectful profession,without going to college,and be just as good as,　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　,my competitors. 
③从这次活动中,我意识到参加实践活动如果不是比从书本上学习更有用,也是和其一样有用。(2020·全国Ⅱ卷,书面表达)
From this activity,I’m aware that taking part in practical activities is 　　　　　　　　　　,if not more useful,than learning from books. 
考点必记
“A is as...,if not...than B.”表示“即使A不比B更……,也至少与它同样……”。其中,if not...than实际上是一个省略的条件状语从句。
[名师点津]
该句型和“A is as...as,if not...than,B.”意义相同,注意标点符号的使用不同。
17.it做形式宾语,后跟宾语从句
[教材原句]I really dislike it when he eats garlic for lunch.(P11)我真的不喜欢他午饭吃大蒜。
语境巧练
[完成句子]
①别指望有人总是会帮助你,你应该学会独立。
Don’t　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　somebody can always help you.You should learn to be independent. 
②我讨厌她在我工作时给我打电话——我总是太忙,不能和她进行会话。
I 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　she calls me at work—I’m always too busy to carry on a conversation with her. 
考点必记
①句中it为形式宾语,后面when引导的是一个宾语从句。
②在表示喜好的动词like,dislike,hate,enjoy及appreciate,rely on,depend on等动词(短语)后跟宾语从句时,结构和dislike相同,常先用it做形式宾语,再将宾语从句放在后面。
[写作佳句]
I hateitthat I am interrupted when I am reading carefully.我讨厌在仔细读书时被人打扰。
18.ifanything句型
[教材原句]Ifanything,it made me even angrier.(P14)如果说有什么不同的话,只会平添我几分怒气。
语境巧练
[完成句子]
如果有什么不同的话,真正的伟大几乎和权力与地位毫无关系。
The greatness has little,　　　　　　　　　　,to do with rank or power. 
考点必记
句中的if anything是一个省略句,表示“如果有什么不同的话”。
[写作佳句]
Ifanything,he can now face difficulty more bravely.要说有什么不同的话,他现在能更加勇敢地面对困难。
随堂巩固迁移运用　
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1.He left after seven months,physically 　　　　　(break) a