2022高考英语一轮总复习-必修1-Unit-2-Heroes学案北师大版.docx

2022高考英语一轮总复习 必修1 Unit 2 Heroes学案北师大版

2022高考英语一轮总复习 必修1 Unit 2 Heroes学案北师大版

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姓名：

Unit2　Heroes
(主题语境:人与社会——历史、社会与文化)
核心考点课堂突破　
1.calmadj.镇静的,沉着的　v.使安静,使镇静
[高考佳句](2020·天津卷)The deep,gentle voice helped calm the nervous girl.这个深沉,温柔的声音帮这个紧张的女孩平静下来了。
语境巧练
[单句语法填空]
①From my point of view,such wonderful things will calm you 　　　　　easily and give you the courage to move on. 
②The girl took a deep breath to calm 　　　　　(she) down. 
③Only if you get 　　　　　(calm) can you behave better in the performance. 
[小话题写作]
④在火灾面前,我们应该做的就是保持冷静。

考点必记
①calm down安静下来
calm sb down使某人安静下来
calm oneself (down)使自己镇静下来
②keep/stay/remain calm保持冷静
[词汇辨析]
①calm“平静的,沉着的”,指无风浪或人的心情不激动。
②quiet“宁静的,安静的”,指没有声音,不吵闹或心里没有烦恼、焦虑,也指人“文静的,少语的”。
③still“静止的,不动的”,指没有运动或动作的状态。
④silent“(人)沉默的,不作声的,未说出的;(物)寂静无声的”。
2.generousadj.慷慨的,大方的
[高考佳句](2020·江苏卷)One self-deprecating comment is a generous and even confident form of humor.一句自嘲的话是一种慷慨的甚至自信的幽默形式。
语境巧练
[单句语法填空]
①Though poorer than his sister,Blakey is as generous as her 　　　　　the poor. 
②It’s really generous 　　　　　the kid to share his toys with his mates. 
③The victims could never thank those Chinese enough for their 　　　　　(generous). 
[小话题写作]
④他如此知识渊博,为人慷慨,有责任心,以至于我非常尊敬和爱戴他。(2020·全国Ⅰ卷,书面表达)

考点必记
①be generous with用……大方
be generous to对……大方
It’s generous of sb to do sth某人做某事是慷慨的
②generosity n.慷慨,大方
an act of generosity慷慨之举
generously adv.慷慨地,大方地
3.charactern.品格;特性;(小说、戏剧中的)人物,角色;性格;(汉)字,字体
[教材原句]Nemo is the main character in the movie Finding Nemo.(P21) 尼莫是电影《海底总动员》中的主角。
语境巧练
[单句语法填空]
①The three 　　　　　(character) in the play are imaginary. 
②She wondered if centuries of diving could have led to the evolution of physical 　　　　　(characteristic).(2020·全国Ⅱ卷,阅读理解D篇改编) 
③The twins look the same,but they are different 　　　　　character. 
[小话题写作]
④Stephen在秋天感到孤独,但同时也享受秋天的宁静。

考点必记
①be different in character有着不同的特性
a leading character主角
out of character不符合某人的性格,和……不相称
②characteristic n.特征,特性,特色　adj.特有的,典型的,表示特性的
[名师点津]
It is characteristic of sb to do sth做某事是某人的典型特征,此处的characteristic可以换成typical。
4.foundvt.建立,创立
[教材原句]He led the 1911 revolution and founded the first republic of China.(P24) 他领导了1911年的革命,并创立了中国的第一个共和国。
语境巧练
[单句语法填空]
①Boston Children’s Museum,one of the most influential children’s museums in the world,　　　　　(found) in 1913 by the Science Teachers’ Bureau,a group of educators devoting themselves to providing new resources for both teachers and students. 
②A good group should be founded 　　　　　understanding. 
③The school has served the community since its 　　　　　(found) in 1835. 
考点必记
①found a city/club/company建起城市/俱乐部/公司
found sth on基于,把某物建立在……上
②foundation n.基础;建立;根据
lay a foundation of打下(……的)基础
without foundation无事实依据
shake/rock the foundations of从根本上动摇
[易错辨析]
found建立,建造　found—founded—founded
find找到,发现　find—found—found
5.equaladj.平等的,均等的;相同的;能胜任的　vt.比得上,敌得过　n.对手,同辈,匹敌
[教材原句]King didn’t want to because he believed black and white people should enjoy equal rights.(P24) 金不想(让座),因为他认为黑人和白人应该享有平等的权利。
语境巧练
[单句语法填空]
①After the rich man passed away,his property was 　　　　　(equal) distributed to his three sons. 
②Now no human’s ability in this field can be equal 　　　　　that of the AI. 
③They live and work together in complete 　　　　　(equal) and brotherhood. 
[小话题写作]
④在经理看来,只有乔能胜任这个职位。
In the manager’s opinion,it is nobody but Joe that 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　this position. 
考点必记
①be equal in在某方面相等
be equal to与……相等;胜任……
A equals B in...A在……方面比得上B
②equality n.平等
equally adv.平等地,均等地
unequal adj.不平等的
[名师点津]
“胜任”的不同表达:
be equal to
be up to
be suitable/fit for
be qualified for
be competent for
be the best choice for
6.strugglen.斗争,拼搏　vt.搏斗,斗争;努力;挣扎
[教材原句]After some struggle,blacks and whites were able to sit together on buses.(P24) 斗争后,在公交车上黑人和白人能坐在一起了。
语境巧练
[单句语法填空]
①If everyone struggles 　　　　　　　pollution,we will have an environmentally friendly world. 
②The employees struggled 　　　　　their rights of having high pays. 
③Look!The tiger is struggling 　　　　　　　　(escape) from the cage. 
考点必记
struggle to do sth努力去做某事
struggle with/against和……做斗争
struggle for为……而努力/奋斗
struggle to one’s feet挣扎着站起来
[名师点津]
努力去做某事的多种表达:
strive to do sth
try to do sth
seek to do sth
take pains to do sth
spare no efforts to do sth
petevi.比赛,竞争
[教材原句]He has always been very strict with his daughters,training them hard to compete against each other.(P26) 他对女儿们总是很严格,努力训练她们,并让她们相互竞争。
语境巧练
[单句语法填空]
①We are in 　　　　　(compete) with four other companies for the contract. 
②Working in such a 　　　　　　　　　　(compete) industry,I’ve sometimes thought,“I can’t do this any more.” 
③Museums must compete 　　　　　people’s spare time and money with other amusements.(2020·新高考全国Ⅰ卷,语法填空) 
[小话题写作]
④这个星期天上午8点我们将在学校操场举办第五届排球赛,详细信息如下。

考点必记
①compete (with sb) for sth为某物(与某人)竞争
compete in参加……
②competition n.竞争
in competition with和……竞争
competitor n.竞争者
competitive adj.有竞争意识的,富有竞争力的
[写作佳句]
In such a competitive society,we must equip ourselves with rich knowledge.在这样一个富有竞争力的社会,我们必须用掌握丰富的知识武装自己。
8.promotevt.促进;提升,升迁;促销
[教材原句]He also raised a lot of money to promote medical research into back injuries.(P28) 他还筹集了许多钱用来促进背部损伤的医学研究。
语境巧练
[单句语法填空]
①More high-speed railways will be built in the west soon 　　　　　　　　　　(promote) the local economy. 
②Through hard work,Rose eventually was promoted 　　　　　a manager. 
③The news of the manager’s 　　　　　(promote) is already known to nearly everyone in the office. 
[翻译句子]
④这个故事反映出一个道理,经验有助于促进卓越。

考点必记
①promote a product 促销一种产品
promote sb to...提升/晋升某人
promote sb as...提升/晋升某人为……
promote friendship增进友谊
②promotion n.提拔,促进
get promotion/get promoted获得晋升
[写作佳句]
Only if I work harder can I promote myself and keep up with others.我只有更加努力才能提升自己,赶上别人。
9.injuryn.损害,伤害
[教材原句]He also raised a lot of money to promote medical research into back injuries.(P28) 他还筹集了许多钱用来促进背部损伤的医学研究。
语境巧练
[单句语法填空]
①Be careful.You’ll do yourself 　　　　　injury. 
②A month before my first marathon,one of my ankles 　　　　　　　　　　(injure) and this meant not running for two weeks,leaving me only two weeks to train.(2018·北京卷,阅读理解A篇) 
③By mile 17,I became out of breath and the once 　　　　　(injure) ankle hurt badly.(2018·北京卷,阅读理解A篇) 

[小话题写作]
④这种新的设计可以最大限度地保护乘客以免受伤。

考点必记
①do an injury to 伤害,危害,对……有害
do sb an injury=do an injury to sb伤害某人
②injure vt.受伤
be badly/seriously injured严重受伤
the injured伤者
[词汇辨析]
①hurt可指肉体上的轻伤,也可指感情上的挫伤。
②wound常指在打斗中由外来暴力造成的刀伤、枪伤,程度较重。
③injure指损害健康、成就、容貌等,强调功能的损失;也多指意外事故对肉体、健康造成的伤害。
④harm多指对人的肉体或精神上带来的伤害。
mitv.犯(错误或罪);做(坏事)
[教材原句]Of course,I’ve had moments of feeling sorry for myself,but I’ve never had any thoughts of committing suicide.(P28) 当然,有时我确实感到遗憾,但从未有过自杀的念头。
语境巧练
[用所给词的适当形式填空]
①After graduation,Bruce committed 　　　　　(he) to changing people’s life in the west. 
②The schools that I visit in Nottingham are full of experienced staff committed to 　　　　　(give) our children a caring and inspiring learning environment. 
③I was impressed by the energy and　　　　　 (commit) shown by the players. 
[小话题写作]
④乔治喜欢演奏这种乐器,并且致力于去练习。
George loves playing the instrument,and he 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　it. 
考点必记
①commit murder/suicide 谋杀/自杀
commit an error做错事
commit crime犯罪
commit oneself to(doing) sth保证(做)某事;致力于(做)某事
be committed to prison被关进监狱
be committed to doing sth致力于做某事
②commitment n.承诺,诺言;承担的义务
make a commitment to sb向某人承诺
[名师点津]
表示“致力于做某事”的短语还有:
be dedicated in doing sth
apply oneself to doing sth
be devoted to doing sth
be absorbed in doing sth
11.involvevt.涉及,参与;牵涉,牵连;包括,包含
[教材原句]How did you get involved with charity work?(P28) 你是怎样参与到慈善事业中去的?
语境巧练
[用所给词的适当形式填空]
①There is a good social life in the village,and I wish I had a second chance to become more 　　　　　(involve).(2018·江苏卷,单项填空) 
②Robinson assessed parental 　　　　　　　　　　(involve) performance and found one of the most damaging things a parent could do was to punish their children for poor marks. 
[小话题写作]
③上周我们学校举办了成人礼,活动主要包括成长点滴回顾、观看校友勇敢与疾病作斗争的事迹录像等。

考点必记
①involve sb in (doing) sth参加,参与
get/be involved in卷入,专注于
be involved with关注,和……有关系
②involved adj.复杂的;纠缠的;有关的
involvement n.参与,加入;沉迷
[写作佳句]
From my point of view,a teacher is supposed to try to involve as many students as possible in the class activities.依我的观点,老师应该尽力让尽可能多的学生参与到课堂活动中。
12.giveup放弃
[教材原句]Have you thought of givingup after the accident?(P28) 事故发生后,你想过放弃吗?
语境巧练
[单句语法填空]
①Irene said,“I don’t see any reason to give 　　　　　work.I love coming here and seeing my family and all the friends I have made over the years.”(2019·全国Ⅱ卷,语法填空) 
②Body language can give 　　　　　a lot about your mood,so standing with your arms folded can send out a signal that you are being defensive. 
③It annoys Welty that,at 78,her left ear has now given 　　　　　. 
④At first Robert wouldn’t let his daughter go diving,but eventually he gave 　　　　　as she was so confident about her skills.(2018·天津卷,单项填空) 
[小话题写作]
⑤陈薇作为一名医生和军人,她从未向困难低过头,哪怕是在极端危险的处境中。

考点必记
give away颁发(奖品);捐赠,赠送;放弃(机会等);泄露(秘密等)
give off放出(气味、热、光等)
give in屈服,投降;提交(+to sb)
give out分发,分配;发表;散发;精疲力竭,用尽;出故障
give way to撤退;让步,让路;让……优先
give back归还;恢复;反射(光、声音等)
give sb a lift让某人搭便车
[写作佳句]
Never will I giveup even if I fail many times.即使失败多次,我也绝不放弃。
eto达到某种状态;苏醒过来;谈到
[教材原句]Four days after the injury,I cameto understand my situation.(P28) 受伤四天后,我就开始理解自己的处境了。
语境巧练
[单句语法填空]
①The engineer came 　　　　　(realize) how important it was to learn how to operate an AI. 
②Should you come 　　　　　waste paper thrown out of a passing car,pick it up.(2018·浙江卷,七选五) 
③We are so fond of our high intelligence that we assume that when it 　　　　　(come) to brain power,more must be better.(2019·江苏卷,任务型阅读) 
[小话题写作]
④更为重要的是,我们开始意识到向各种困难挑战自我是我们的责任。(2020·新高考全国Ⅰ卷,书面表达)

考点必记
come to feel/realize/understand开始感觉到/意识到/理解
come to an end结束
come to a decision做出决定
when it comes to(doing) sth当谈及(做)某事
come across偶然遇见;被理解
come about发生
come on上场;加油;得了吧
come out出版;出现;结果是
[名师点津]
表示“发生;出版”等词义的come相关短语无被动结构,通常只使用主动进行表达,如come about, come out。
14.where引导宾语从句
[教材原句]As Yang Liwei returned into the earth’s atmosphere,helicopters were flying to wherehewouldland,ready to collect him.(P23)当杨利伟返回地球大气层的时候,直升机已经在飞往他着陆地点的途中,准备接他。

语境巧练
[单句语法填空]
①About two hours later the children returned to 　　　　　they put their food. 
②The library is being built in 　　　　　used to be a pond. 
③They have transformed themselves into places 　　　　　you can develop your love of knowledge,meet interesting people,or find out how to start a business.(2020·天津卷,阅读理解A篇) 
[小话题写作]
④她发现了一把锋利的刀,用它可以把盒子打开。

考点必记
句中where he would land为where引导的宾语从句,做介词to的宾语,where在宾语从句中充当状语。
[名师点津]
①注意宾语从句和定语从句的区别:介词后接宾语从句表示的是介词连接的内容,而“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句则是对前面的先行词进行修饰和限制。
②注意关系副词引导宾语从句和关系副词引导状语从句时的区别:介词后接宾语从句时,宾语从句作为整体充当介词宾语,而关系副词引导状语从句则在句中修饰谓语动词或副词等。
15.too...to...句型
[教材原句]Yang Liwei was happy to be home but he said,“I thought 21 hours was too short to stay in space.” (P23)返回地面的杨利伟很高兴,但他说:“我觉得在太空只停留21个小时真是太短暂了。”
语境巧练
[单句语法填空]
①The explosion had left a hole more than forty miles across—much 　　　　　huge to be seen from anywhere at ground level.(2019·江苏卷,阅读理解B篇) 
②Students should have a proper attitude towards college before thinking about which college to attend,and it’s never 　　　　　early to make necessary preparations for a healthy and meaningful college experience.(2019·北京卷,语法填空) 
[小话题写作]
③我们的邻居Frank先生一直都非常乐意去帮助那些贫穷的孩子,这一点所有人都表示赞赏。

考点必记
too+adj./adv.+(for sb) to do常用以表示“(对某人来说)太……而不能……”,肯定结构表达否定意义。
[名师点津]
下面几种情况下too...to...结构的意义:
①too...to...和表示人的心理状态的形容词连用,表示肯定意义。此类词有happy,glad,ready,anxious,eager,willing,pleased,thankful等。
②把never/not等否定词放在too前,表示肯定。
③cannot too...(to...)表示“越……越好;再……也不为过”。
16.动词-ing形式做状语
[教材原句]He has always been very strict with his daughters,training them hard to compete against each other.(P26)他对女儿们总是很严格,努力训练她们,并让她们相互竞争。
语境巧练
[用所给词的适当形式填空]
①His teacher,Thomas Whaley,is next to him,　　　　　 (whisper) support.(2019·全国Ⅰ卷,阅读理解B篇) 
②If you exercise out of doors,your body will learn to breathe more deeply,　　　　　(allow) even more oxygen to get to your muscles(肌肉) and your brain.(2019·全国Ⅰ卷,七选五) 
[小话题写作]
③当听见他们老师的声音时,学生们立刻停止了谈话。

考点必记
此处动词-ing形式做状语表示伴随状况,动词-ing形式和句子主语之间为主动关系。动词-ing形式做状语除了表示伴随状况之外,还常表示时间、原因、让步、结果、条件等。
[名师点津]
①动词-ing形式做状语常可改为一个从句。
②当做状语的动词-ing形式的动作在谓语动词动作之前发生,则常用其完成形式having done。

17.notonly...butalso...句型
[教材原句]This notonly drew public attention to research into back injuries butalso encouraged a lot of people living with all kinds of problems.(P28)这不仅引起了公众对背部受伤问题的关注,还鼓舞了很多有各种问题的人。
语境巧练
[完成句子]
①通过这样做,我不仅能和别人分享好的想法,也能学会清晰地表达自己的观点。
By doing so,I can 　　　　　　　　　　share good ideas with others but also learn to express myself clearly. 
②你将不仅帮助我们的年轻志愿者的个人发展,也将学会新的技能,提高你的文化意识。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　our young volunteers to develop personally,you’ll also learn new skills and increase your cultural awareness.(用部分倒装句)(2019·北京卷,阅读理解A篇) 
[小话题写作]
③劳动不仅锻炼了我们的身体,还让我们懂得珍惜劳动成果。

考点必记
①not only...but also...在句中连接两个并列成分。
②not only...but also...连接并列主语时谓语动词的人称和数应用“就近一致”原则来确定。
③not only放在句首时,句子常用部分倒装语序。
[写作佳句]
Notonly can the AI help with the housework,it can also communicate with you.这台人工智能不仅能帮着干家务活,它还能和你交流。
随堂巩固迁移运用　
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1.While the clip might look like part of a new ad campaign,Bridges said the only goal was to show 　　　　　(generous) and sympathy.(2019·浙江卷,阅读理解B篇) 
2.Although she 　　　　　(found) her company early on in life,she wasn’t driven primarily by profit.(2019·北京卷,阅读理解B篇) 
3.Matilda’s battles with her cruel parents and the bossy headmistress,Miss Trunchbull,are 　　　　　(equal) funny and frightening,but they’re also aspirational.(2019·全国Ⅱ卷,阅读理解A篇) 
4.Most of his adult life has been a losing struggle 　　　　　debt and misfortune.(2019·天津卷,阅读理解D篇) 
5.I was turned down everywhere,except at one publisher,　　　　　 a young woman told me I wasn’t very good.(2020·全国Ⅲ卷,听力) 
6.A nurse can never be 　　　　　patient to treat patients. 
7.When they were free from work,they invited us to local events and let us know of an interesting 　　　　　(compete) to watch,together with the story behind it.(2019·全国Ⅲ卷,语法填空) 
8.The engineers are also trying to develop an on and off “switch” where the glow would fade 　　　　　exposed to daylight.(2020·全国Ⅰ卷,阅读理解D篇) 
9.It was Mr.Zhang 　　　　　made me perceive the importance of learning English well. 
10.Anxiously I went to bed dreaming about 　　　　　I would find at the top of this magical mountain.(2018·天津卷,阅读表达) 
Ⅱ.选短语填空
let out,in one’s opinion,compete against,give up,pull through,get on well with,come to an end
In most cases,competitors will 1.　　　　　 each other fiercely in the match.2.　　　　　,my classmate Mark is a good athlete.But,unfortunately,in last Sunday’s football match,he fell down,injured his foot and 3. a scream,but he didn’t 4.　　　　　.When the match 5.　　　　　,he couldn’t move his foot for an inch at all.I really hope Mark will 6.　　　　　 his study after he 7.　　　　　. 

Ⅲ.根据汉语提示补全短文内容
Every athlete wants to take part in the Olympic Games and become a hero,1.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　(这对他们来说是种非常重要的时刻).2.