八年级外研新版英语上册语法知识点.doc

外研版八年级上册英语知识点
Module 1
1.study plan学习计划
2.a number of +可数名词复数+V（复数）：许多、大量
the number of+可数名词复数+V（单数）：。。的数量
3.advice不可数名词
a piece of advice一条建议
give sb. some advice给某人一些建议
advise sb. to do sth.建议某人去做某事
4.write it/them down把它写下来
5. what else?还有什么其他的？
6. It is adj. for sb. to do sth.
7. It is a good idea to do sth.
8.meet sb.接某人
9.this term这学期
last term上学期
next term下学期
10. help sb. do sth.
help sb. with sth.
11.ask for advice征求意见
12.basic questions基本问题
13.spend on sth.
spend (in) doing sth.花费时间做某事
物 cost
It takes sb. some time to do sth.
pay for
14.the meaning of….的意思
15.speak to sb.与某人谈话
16.take a deep breath深呼吸
17.start a conversation开始一段谈话
18.talk about sth. with sb.跟某人谈论某事
19.表示建议的句子
①What about doing=How about doing…?
②Why not do=Why don’t you do..?
③Try (not) to do sth.
④should do
⑤It’s a good idea to do sth.
⑥Would you like to do sth.
⑦Let sb do sth.
⑧Remember to do sth.=Don’t forget to do sth.
⑨you’d better do sth.
其他知识点：
1.give up放弃
2. ask sb. to do sth.让某人去做某事
3.improve oneself提高某人
4.information消息信息，不可数名词
5.leave sth.落下什么东西
6.in+一段时间（一般将来时）
7.not yet（还没有。用于现在完成时）
8.before用于现在完成时
9.experience经验（不可数名词）
experience经历（可数名词）
work工作（不可数名词）
著作（可数名词）
Job工作（可数名词）
10.once/twice/three times提到次数的时候，用现在完成时
11.finish doing sth.完成做某事
12.go off灯熄灭
13.so far 迄今为止（现在完成时）
14.lose one’s way=lose oneself迷路
15.be away from远离
16. be sorry to do sth.
17.listen to the radio听收音机
18.write to sb.写给某人
19.would like to do sth.愿意去做某事
20. want to do sth.
21. adj enough to do sth.
22.try one’s best to do sth.尽某人最大能力去做某事
23. everyday (adj.) every day(adv.)
24.teacher with glasses戴眼镜的老师
25.as作为
26.like 喜欢、像
27.sun/wind/snow/rain不可数名词
28.at the age of在。。岁时
Module 2
travel around the world环球旅行
invite sb. to do sth.邀请某人去做某事
stay with sb.跟某人呆在一起
one day总有一天
1.put on take off穿上，脱下
land in 着陆 take off起飞
2. the price of…… ……的价钱
3.dream of/about sth.梦到某物
4. What do you reckon?
What do you think of…?
How do you like…?
5.have been to 去了回来了
have gone to 去了没回来
6.fly to sw.飞到某地
because+句子
because of +n./名词短语
7.western food西方食物
8.more than=over 超过
9.sell out卖光
e true实现
Module 3
1. What are you up to? =what are you doing? 你正在做什么？
up to忙于做某事
2.just now刚刚（一般过去时）
the latest news最新消息
3. Don’t panic! 不要惊慌
4.on the news在新闻上
5.in space在太空
6.on business出差
7. show sth. to sb.=show sb. sth.
8. borrow sth. from sb.
lend sth. to sb.
9.millions of 数以百万计的
具体数字+million
10.none of+可数名词复数+V单数
11.be called…被叫做。。
12.also用于句中
too 用于句末，但有逗号
as well用于句末，但没有逗号
13.grow up长大
14.alone无感情色彩be alone
lonely有感情色彩feel lonely
15.prefer A to B
prefer doing A to doing B
prefer to do A rather than do B
16.so far迄今为止（现在完成时）
17.feel like doing sth.喜欢做某事
18.as adj.(原级) as 像。。一样
19.so that如此。。以至于
20.现在完成时的结构
主语+have/has 动词的过去分词
just/already一般用于肯定句
yet一般用于否定句和疑问句
① for+一段时间(for five years)
② since+一个时间点(since 8 o’clock yesterday)
③ since+具体的年份(since 1990)
④ since+一段时间+ago(since five years ago)
当有一段时间存在时，终止性动词必须变成延续性动词
① die → be dead
② begin/start → be on
③ buy → have
④ borrow → keep
⑤ come/go → be
Module 4
1.how long多久
2.et on well with sb.与某人相处融洽
3. learn a foreign language
4. the Hope School
5.Project Hope希望工程
6.poor children贫困儿童
7.in fact事实上
8.tell me more说的更多点
9.how long用for+一段时间/since+时间点回答
how often用频度副词来回答
how soon用in+一段时间提问（一般是一般将来时）
how far多远，提问路程多远
10.take part 参加
11.an eight-year-old boy
12.drop out of school辍学
13.on the farm在农场上
14.be ill生病
15.have to do sth.不得不去做某事
16.get an education得到教育
17.with the help of在。。的帮助下
18.people in China and abroad国内外的人们
19.because of由于
luck (n.)→lucky (adj.) →luckily (adv.)
care (n.)→careful (adj.) →carefully (adv.)
20.反意疑问句：前肯后否、前否后肯
反意疑问句必须换成主语的代词
谓语动词在时态和人称上要保持一致
表示否定意义的词：never/hardly/few/little/nothing/seldom/no
① there be→be there?
② You’d better→hadn’t you?
③ Let’s→shall we?
④ Let us→will you?
⑤ 祈使句→will you?
⑥ 一般现在时→do/does 主语?
⑦ 现在进行时→am/is/are 主语?
⑧ 一般过去时→did 主语?
⑨ 过去进行时→was/were 主语?
⑩ 现在完成时→have/has 主语?
⑾ 情态动词→情态动词 主语?
若句子里含有否定的意义，那么yes翻译成“不”，no翻译成“是”
Module 5
1.反意疑问句的相关知识P172
2.Who is it by?由。。作曲
3.be sure of/about sth.对某事有把握、确信
4.be sure to do sth.确信去做某事
5.hear of sth.听说
6.the capital of。。的首都
7.what’s your favourite…你最喜欢的。。。是什么？
8.a fan of。。的粉丝
9.give us a break休息一会
10.I don’t believe it!我不相信它！
11.not only..but also..不但。。而且。。（就近原则）
12.describe China to the rest of the world把中国介绍给世界的其他部分
13.bring western and Chinese music together把中西方音乐结合
14.in addition to=besides除了
Module 6
1. How is it going?过的怎么样？
2. send sb. sth.=send sth. to sb.
3. go on继续
4. by the river在河边
5. be late晚的、迟的
6. in a tree人在树上
on a tree 水果在树上
on the grass在草地上
7. smile at sb.朝某人微笑
8. fall behind落后
fall down=go down摔落
9. every/each（每个）+V单数
10. tired累的（人）
tiring累的（物、事）
11. have nothing to do无事可做
12. what for=why
13. think of认为
think about考虑
14. take sth. out of 拿出
take away拿走带走
take off飞机起飞、脱衣服
15. get up起床
16. on one’s way to …在某人去。。的路上
17. 表示过去进行时的短语：
At that time/at that moment/at this time yesterday/at…o’clock yesterday/from…to…last night
主语+was/were+doing过去某个时刻正在做某事
Module 7
1. smell/look/taste/feel/sound+adj.
2. What’s the matter with you?
What’s wrong with you?
3. be afraid+句子
be afraid to do sth.害怕做某事
be afraid of doing sth.
4. try to do sth.
try one’s best to do sth.尽某人最大能力去做某事
5. What is she like?（性格、内在特征）
What does she look like?（外貌）
6. introduce A to B把A介绍给B
introduce oneself自我介绍
7. hear from=get a letter from=receive a letter from收到某人来信
8. thanks for sth.
9. can’t wait to do sth.等不及去做某事
10. when 引导的时间状语从句：主将从现
11. wear glasses戴眼镜
12. arrive at+小地点 arrive in +大地点
reach sw.
get to sw.
13. sound like听起来像
14. as well也
15. the captain of。。的队长
16. be proud of…因。。而骄傲
17. work hard努力工作
18. get/be angry with sb.
be angry at/about sth.
19. bad marks坏分数
20. at first首先
21. a bit=kind of稍微、有点儿
Module 8
1. show sb. sth.=show sth. to sb.
2. the map of…。。的地图
3. over there在那儿
4. do some shopping=go shopping
5. 表示静止的方位：
on the right/left
in the middle of
on the corner of
between…and…
opposite…
next to
in front of
behind
表示动态的方位：
go along=go down
=walk along=walk down
go across
go straight ahead
turn left/right into…
6. 表示问路的话
Where is the …?
How can I get to the…?
Which is the way to the…?
Can you tell me the way to the…?
7. welcome to…
8. a clear day晴朗的一天
9. get off下车αget on上车
Module 9
1. danger(n.) in danger处于危险中
dangerous(adj.)αsafe
2. be excited to do sth.兴奋去做某事
3. make sb. do sth.
make sb. adj.
make sb. n.
4. have no place to live in没有地方可住
5. take away带走
6. in peace和平的
7. on earth究竟
8. look for寻找（过程）
find找到（结果）
find out查清（通过研究找出结果）
9. be surprised to do sth.惊奇的去做某事
10. look after=take care of
11. there be sb./sth. doing sth.某地有sb./sth.正在做某事
12. live on 以。。为生
13. less and less越来越少
more and more越来越多
14. make a plan定一个计划
15. adj. enough to do sth.足够。。去做某事
16. go back=return返回
17. the symbol of。。的象征
18.such as没有逗号，后面一般加n.或者短语
for example一般有逗号，后面一般加句子
Module 10
1. How is it?事情进展的怎么样？
2. places of interest名胜
be/become interested in sth./doing sth.
interested形容人
interesting形容物或者事
3. offer to do sth.主动提出去做某事
4. agree to do sth.同意去做某事
agree with sb.同意某人
agree on sth.同意某事
5. almost几乎
hardly几乎不（表示否定）
6. though/although虽然but但是（不可以同时出现）
7. have a good time=enjoy oneself
8. take place=happen发生
9. be famous for因。。而著名
be famous as作为。。而著名
10. the story of。。的故事
11. the centre of。。的中心
12. be born in sw./on+日子
13. one of 最高级+可数名词复数+V单数
14. fall in love with sb.爱上某人
15. be full of=be filled with
16. fill A with B把B装到A里
17. find it adj. to do sth.
18. plan/decide/hope/want/agree/ offer/try/want/wish/begin/need/forget/learn/+ to do sth.
help/make sb. do sth.
be glad to do sth.
give sb. sth.=give sth. to sb.(bring/lend/hand/send/show/leave/teach)
buy sb. sth.=buy sth. for sb.(cook/read)
Module 11
1. it is adj. to do sth.
it is n. to do sth.
it takes sb. some time to do sth.
动词不定式做主语的时候，谓语动词用单数
To see is not to believe.
2. it is possible(impossible) to do sth.
it is possible that…
主语+will probably/possibly+ V
eg:It will probably/possibly be sunny tomorrow.
3. so… that 如此。。以至于
4. depend on 依赖、依靠
5. 雨雪的大用heavy
风的大用strong
6. be + adj.
adj. +n.
V. +adv.
7. spring,summer,
autumn(fall),winter
8. 不客气的几种说法：
You are welcome.
That’s all right.=That’s ok.
With pleasure.
My pleasure.
It’s a pleasure.
9. be pleasant to do sth.很高兴去做某事
10. take photos of sth.
11. bring sb. around sw.
take sb. around sw.带某人到处参观
12. the best place to do sth.去做某事的最好地方
the best time to do sth.去做某事的最好时间
13. It is a good idea/way to do sth.
14. What’s the weather like?=
How is the weather？
What will the weather be like?=
How will the weather be?
15. at the moment=now
16. be off to sw.动身去某地
17. you’d better do sth.你最好做某事
18. 不定代词(something/anything/nothing/
somebody/adybody/nobody)+adj. to do sth.
19. joke with sb.跟某人开玩笑
joke about sth.就某事而开玩笑
tell jokes讲笑话
20. between…and…在。。和。。之间
21. from…to…从。。到。。
22. You must be joking!
Sounds great!听起来不错
Come on 赶快
23. too much+不可数名词 太多。。。
much too+adj.太。。。
24. 季节/年份/月份/前+in
日期前+on
25. in the end可单独使用
at the end of在。。的最后
26. n. adj.
sun sunny
cloud cloudy
rain rainy
wind windy
snow snowy
storm stormy
shower showery
27. the temperature will be…
the temperature of Dalian is…
Module 12
1. stop to do sth.停下来去做某事
stop doing sht. 停下来正在做的事情
2. hang on 等等/别挂断
3. immediately=at once=right now
4. accept 接受
receive收到
5. in red paper
6. use both hands
7. cut one’s hair
8. you can’t be serious!
9. just wait and see.
10. both两者都+V复
either两者中的任何一个+V单
neither两者都不+V单
11. make noise
12. enjoy one’s stay
13. not…but…不是。。。而是。。。
14. be different from
15. the same as与。。。相同
16. hear sb. doing sth.听到某人正在做某事
hear sb. do sth. 听到某人做某事的全过程
17. on time按时
18. catch a cold感冒
catch a bus赶公共汽车
catch up with sb./sth.追赶某人/某物
19. let sb. do sth.让某人做某事
20. stay out呆在外面
21. can提问：肯定：can
否定：can’t
may提问：肯定：can
否定：mustn’t/can’t/sorry
must提问：肯定：must
否定：needn’t
22. 物主代词后+名词
a +可数名词单数
介词和动词后+doing
情态动词的题一般根据翻译来做
有not sure一般用may/might
交通规则一般用mustn’t
23. There is nothing in the room, but(除了)a bed.
We won’t have the meeting this afternoon but(而是) tomorrow afternoon.
24. milk coffee tea water juice 都是不可数名次
25. a few+可数名词复数：许多。。。
a little +不可数名词：许多。。。
few+可数名词复数：几乎没有。。。（表示否定）
little+不可数名词：几乎没有。。。（表示否定）
Module 12
2. stop to do sth.停下来去做某事
stop doing sht. 停下来正在做的事情
2. hang on 等等/别挂断
3. immediately=at once=right now
4. accept 接受
receive收到
5. in red paper
6. use both hands
7. cut one’s hair
8. you can’t be serious!
9. just wait and see.
10. both两者都+V复
either两者中的任何一个+V单
neither两者都不+V单
11. make noise
12. enjoy one’s stay
13. not…but…不是。。。而是。。。
14. be different from
15. the same as与。。。相同
16. hear sb. doing sth.听到某人正在做某事
hear sb. do sth. 听到某人做某事的全过程
17. on time按时
18. catch a cold感冒
catch a bus赶公共汽车
catch up with sb./sth.追赶某人/某物
19. let sb. do sth.让某人做某事
20. stay out呆在外面
21. can提问：肯定：can
否定：can’t
may提问：肯定：can
否定：mustn’t/can’t/sorry
must提问：肯定：must
否定：needn’t
22. 物主代词后+名词
a +可数名词单数
介词和动词后+doing
情态动词的题一般根据翻译来做
有not sure一般用may/might
交通规则一般用mustn’t
23. There is nothing in the room, but(除了)a bed.
We won’t have the meeting this afternoon but(而是) tomorrow afternoon.
24. milk coffee tea water juice 都是不可数名次
25. a few+可数名词复数：许多。。。
a little +不可数名词：许多。。。
few+可数名词复数：几乎没有。。。（表示否定）
little+不可数名词：几乎没有。。。（表示否定）

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