初三英语语法及练习题.doc

1( ) 1 -Have you got some water to drink?
-Here you are. There___ still some in the bottle.
A. are B. were C. is D. was
( ) 2 _____ there many American friends in the school last Friday?
A. Is B. Was C. Are D. Were
( ) 3 There ____ a great many accidents last year.
A. were B. are C. is D. was
( ) 4 -How many children ____ in the picture?
-Three.
A. has there B. is there C. have there D. are there
2
( ) 1 In 1850, about a third of U. S. A___ covered by forests.
A. were B. has been C. / D. was
( ) 2 Most of our earth____ covered by water.
A. are B. is C. was D. were
( ) 3 Sunday ____ the first day of the week.
A. is B. are C. am D. be
( ) 4 Neither___right.
A. answers are B. answers aren't C. answer is D. answer isn't
3
( ) 1 The population of the world ____ still ____ now.
A. has; grown B. will; grow C. is; growing D. is grown
( ) 2 There ____ many people running in the park every morning.
A. is B. were C. are D. have
( ) 3 These police often___the children across the street.
A. help B. helps C. helping D. is helping
4
( ) 1 ___ going to England by air next week.
A. The Green family are B. The Greens family are
C. The Green's family are D. Green family are
( ) 2 The whole family ____ enjoying the beautiful music now.
A. is all B. all is C. all are D. are all
( ) 3 Our class ___ big.
A. is B. are C. were D. will
5
( ) 1 Neither he nor I ____ from Canada. We are from Australia.
A. is B. are C. am D. be
( ) 2 Either you or he ____ right.
A. are B. is C. does D. were
( ) 3 Neither Mary nor her brother____ good at singing.
A. is B. are C. is not D. are not
( ) 4 Not only Tom but also Alice and Mary ____ busy.
A. is B. was C. are D. has
6
( ) 1 Physics ___ interesting to us.
A. are B. has C. is D. were
( ) 2 The news____ exciting. We got excited at it.
A. is B. was C. were D. are
( ) 3 Though mathematics____ hard, we all work at it hard.
A. are B. were C. was D. is
参考答案：
1. 1 -4 C D A D
2. 1-4 D B A C
3. 1 -3 C C A
4. 1 -3 A D A
5. 1 -4 C B A C
6. 1 -3 C B D
一、常使用动词不定式的短语
1、It’s time to do sth.\ It’s time for sth 该做某事的时候了.

2、can’t wait to do sth. 迫不及待要做某事

3、ask /telle sb. (not ) to do sth. 要求/告诉某人(不)做某事

4、allow sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事

5、be supposed to do sth. 应该做某事

6、Would like /want (sb.) to do sth. 想要做某事

7、have sth/nothing to do with 与...有关/与…无关

8、find it +adj. to do sth. 发觉做某事…

9、prefer to do sth. rather than do sth. 宁愿做某事,而不愿做某事

10、It’s +adj. for sb. to do sth. 做某事对某人来说…

11、It’s better /best to do sth. 最好做某事

12、It takes sb. sometime. to do sth. 某人做某事用了一些时间

二、常用动名词的短语

1、 enjoy /like /love doing sth. 喜欢做某事

2、 keep /keep on /carry on / go on doing sth. 继续做某事

3、feel like doing sth. 想要做某事

4、practise doing sth. 练习作某事

5、give up doing sth. 放弃作某事

6、be good at= do well in\on doing sth. 擅长做某事

7、pay attention to doing sth. 注意做某事

8、what about/ how about doing sth.…. 怎么样(好吗)?

9、Thank you for doing sth. 为…感谢某人

10、mind doing sth. 介意做某事

11、be used for doing sth./ be used to do sth. 、被用来做某事

12、spend …(in) doing sth. 花时间做某事

13、be busy doing/ with sth. 忙于做某事

14、finish doing sth. 做完某事

15、look forward to doing. 盼望做某事

16、prefer doing sth. to doing sth. 喜欢…胜过…

17、be/get used to doing sth. 习惯做某事

18、keep / stop/ prevent sb. from doing sth.阻止某人作某事

19. give one's life to doing sth 为做某事献出生命

三、省略动词不定式的短语

1、一看二听三使役

see/ hear/ feel/ notice/ look at /listen to sb. do sth. 看见/听见/感觉/注意某人做某事

make /let /have sb. do sth. 使/让某人做某事

2、help sb. (to) do sth/ with sth. 帮助某人做某事

3、 had better (not) do sth. 最好(不)做某事

4、 Why don’t you/ not do sth. 为什么不做某事？

5、Would /Will / Could you please (not) do sth. 请你(不)做某事好吗?

四、 同义词比较

1、 stop to do sth. 停下来去做另一件事 When the teacher came into the classroom, the students stopped talking.

stop doing sth. 停止正在做的事 After he worked for an hour, he stopped to have a rest.

2、 forget / remember to do sth. 忘记/记得要去作某事 Please remember to bring my book to school.

forget / remember doing sth. 忘记\记得曾经做过某事 I remember doing my homework

3、 used to do sth. 过去常常作某事

be used to do sth. 被用来作某事

be used to doing sth. 习惯于作某事

My father used to smoke.

Wood is used to make paper.

I am used to getting up early.

4、So +be/助动词/情态动词 + 主语 …也一样

So +主语+be/助动词/ 情态动词 是呀,表示赞同别人的观点

Neither + be /助动词/ 情态动词+主语 …也不一样（用于否定句）

He has been to Beijing. So have I.

It’s a fine day. So it is.

She doesn’t like eggs. Neither do I.

5、 too…to do sth. 太…而不能…

so +adj. /adv + that(从句) 如此…以致…

such +（a/an +adj.）+n.+ that(从句) 如此…以致…

(not) enough (for sb.) to do sth. (对某人来说)做某事(不)够

The boy is too young to go to school.

The boy is so young that he can’t go to school.

He is such a young boy that he can’t go to school.

The boy is not old enough to go to school.

五、常考知识点

1、keep +adj. 保持…状态

keep (sb.) doing sth. 继续做某事/使某人老是做某事

Everyone should keep our classroom clean.

It’s too late, but he still keeps working.

Lily always keeps us waiting for her.

2、make+ sb. + n. 使某人成为

make + sb. + adj. 使某人…

make sb. do sth. 使某人做某事

Sb. be made to sth. 某人被迫做某事

We made Peter our monitor.

Books make us happy.

He often makes me laugh.

The workers were made to work 12 hours a day.

3、I don’t think that 我认为…不

I don’t think you are right.

4、It’s /was/has been+ some time +since+一般过去时… 自从…以来有多久了

It has been two years since we met last time.

6What do you mean by?=What does .. mean?=what is the meaning of...?是什么意思?

What do you mean by “computer”?=What does “computer”mean?=what is the meaning of "computer"?

7、 What do you think of…/How do you like …?你认为…怎么样?

What do you think of this film /How do you like this film?

8、 What is/was/will …be like? ..怎么样?

What is the weather like?

What will the life in the future be like?

9、 It’s said/ reported that… 据说/据报道

It's well known that 众所周知

It's thought that 大家认为

It’s said that the population of the word would be 6 billion in 2050.

10、one of the +形容词最高级+名词复数… 其中之一

Shanghai is one of the biggest cities in China.

11、neither…nor… 既不…也不（两者都不）

either…or…要么…要么/或者…或者/不是…就是

not only…but also… 不但…而且

以上三个词做主语时,要用就近原则

Neither you nor he has been to the USA.

Either he or you go to the park.

Not only my mother but also my father is a teacher.

neither of 两者都不

either of 两者选一

none of 没有一个

以上三个做主语时，谓语动词用单数

All of 全部

Both of 两者都

以上二个做主语时，谓语动词用复数

12、比较级+ than +any other +名词单数 比其余任何一个…

比较级+ than + the other+名词复数

Shanghai is bigger than any other city=shanghai is bigger than the other cities in China.

13、When（当…的时候）, if （如果）, as soon as（一…就）, until（直到…才）, unless（除非/如果…不）

这几个词引导的时间或条件状语从句时,主句要用一般将来时.，从句一般现在时

I will call you when he comes.

If it doesn’t rain tomorrow, we will have a picnic.

As soon as I get to Beijing, I’ll come to see you.

He won’t go to bed until his parents come back.

Unless you work hard, you won’t catch up with others.

一、常使用动词不定式的短语
1、It’s time to do sth.\ It’s time for sth 该做某事的时候了.

2、can’t wait to do sth. 迫不及待要做某事

3、ask /telle sb. (not ) to do sth. 要求/告诉某人(不)做某事

4、allow sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事

5、be supposed to do sth. 应该做某事

6、Would like /want (sb.) to do sth. 想要做某事

7、have sth/nothing to do with 与...有关/与…无关

8、find it +adj. to do sth. 发觉做某事…

9、prefer to do sth. rather than do sth. 宁愿做某事,而不愿做某事

10、It’s +adj. for sb. to do sth. 做某事对某人来说…

11、It’s better /best to do sth. 最好做某事

12、It takes sb. sometime. to do sth. 某人做某事用了一些时间

二、常用动名词的短语

1、 enjoy /like /love doing sth. 喜欢做某事

2、 keep /keep on /carry on / go on doing sth. 继续做某事

3、feel like doing sth. 想要做某事

4、practise doing sth. 练习作某事

5、give up doing sth. 放弃作某事

6、be good at= do well in\on doing sth. 擅长做某事

7、pay attention to doing sth. 注意做某事

8、what about/ how about doing sth.…. 怎么样(好吗)?

9、Thank you for doing sth. 为…感谢某人

10、mind doing sth. 介意做某事

11、be used for doing sth./ be used to do sth. 、被用来做某事

12、spend …(in) doing sth. 花时间做某事

13、be busy doing/ with sth. 忙于做某事

14、finish doing sth. 做完某事

15、look forward to doing. 盼望做某事

16、prefer doing sth. to doing sth. 喜欢…胜过…

17、be/get used to doing sth. 习惯做某事

18、keep / stop/ prevent sb. from doing sth.阻止某人作某事

19. give one's life to doing sth 为做某事献出生命

三、省略动词不定式的短语

1、一看二听三使役

see/ hear/ feel/ notice/ look at /listen to sb. do sth. 看见/听见/感觉/注意某人做某事

make /let /have sb. do sth. 使/让某人做某事

2、help sb. (to) do sth/ with sth. 帮助某人做某事

3、 had better (not) do sth. 最好(不)做某事

4、 Why don’t you/ not do sth. 为什么不做某事？

5、Would /Will / Could you please (not) do sth. 请你(不)做某事好吗?

四、 同义词比较

1、 stop to do sth. 停下来去做另一件事 When the teacher came into the classroom, the students stopped talking.

stop doing sth. 停止正在做的事 After he worked for an hour, he stopped to have a rest.

2、 forget / remember to do sth. 忘记/记得要去作某事 Please remember to bring my book to school.

forget / remember doing sth. 忘记\记得曾经做过某事 I remember doing my homework

3、 used to do sth. 过去常常作某事

be used to do sth. 被用来作某事

be used to doing sth. 习惯于作某事

My father used to smoke.

Wood is used to make paper.

I am used to getting up early.

4、So +be/助动词/情态动词 + 主语 …也一样

So +主语+be/助动词/ 情态动词 是呀,表示赞同别人的观点

Neither + be /助动词/ 情态动词+主语 …也不一样（用于否定句）

He has been to Beijing. So have I.

It’s a fine day. So it is.

She doesn’t like eggs. Neither do I.

5、 too…to do sth. 太…而不能…

so +adj. /adv + that(从句) 如此…以致…

such +（a/an +adj.）+n.+ that(从句) 如此…以致…

(not) enough (for sb.) to do sth. (对某人来说)做某事(不)够

The boy is too young to go to school.

The boy is so young that he can’t go to school.

He is such a young boy that he can’t go to school.

The boy is not old enough to go to school.

五、常考知识点

1、keep +adj. 保持…状态

keep (sb.) doing sth. 继续做某事/使某人老是做某事

Everyone should keep our classroom clean.

It’s too late, but he still keeps working.

Lily always keeps us waiting for her.

2、make+ sb. + n. 使某人成为

make + sb. + adj. 使某人…

make sb. do sth. 使某人做某事

Sb. be made to sth. 某人被迫做某事

We made Peter our monitor.

Books make us happy.

He often makes me laugh.

The workers were made to work 12 hours a day.

3、I don’t think that 我认为…不

I don’t think you are right.

4、It’s /was/has been+ some time +since+一般过去时… 自从…以来有多久了

It has been two years since we met last time.

6What do you mean by?=What does .. mean?=what is the meaning of...?是什么意思?

What do you mean by “computer”?=What does “computer”mean?=what is the meaning of "computer"?

7、 What do you think of…/How do you like …?你认为…怎么样?

What do you think of this film /How do you like this film?

8、 What is/was/will …be like? ..怎么样?

What is the weather like?

What will the life in the future be like?

9、 It’s said/ reported that… 据说/据报道

It's well known that 众所周知

It's thought that 大家认为

It’s said that the population of the word would be 6 billion in 2050.

10、one of the +形容词最高级+名词复数… 其中之一

Shanghai is one of the biggest cities in China.

11、neither…nor… 既不…也不（两者都不）

either…or…要么…要么/或者…或者/不是…就是

not only…but also… 不但…而且

以上三个词做主语时,要用就近原则

Neither you nor he has been to the USA.

Either he or you go to the park.

Not only my mother but also my father is a teacher.

neither of 两者都不

either of 两者选一

none of 没有一个

以上三个做主语时，谓语动词用单数

All of 全部

Both of 两者都

以上二个做主语时，谓语动词用复数

12、比较级+ than +any other +名词单数 比其余任何一个…

比较级+ than + the other+名词复数

Shanghai is bigger than any other city=shanghai is bigger than the other cities in China.

13、When（当…的时候）, if （如果）, as soon as（一…就）, until（直到…才）, unless（除非/如果…不）

这几个词引导的时间或条件状语从句时,主句要用一般将来时.，从句一般现在时

I will call you when he comes.

If it doesn’t rain tomorrow, we will have a picnic.

As soon as I get to Beijing, I’ll come to see you.

He won’t go to bed until his parents come back.

Unless you work hard, you won’t catch up with others.

初三英语总复习资料
介词
I. 要点
1、介词和种类
(1) 简单介词，常用的有at, in, on, about, across, before, beside, for , to, without等。
(2) 复合介词，如by means of, along with, because of, in front of, instead of等。
2、介词和其他词类的习惯搭配关系
(1) 和动词的搭配，如agree with, ask for, belong to, break away from, care about等。
(2) 和形容词的搭配，如afraid of, angry with, different from, good at
(3) 和名词的搭配，如answer to , key to, reason for, cause of, visit to等.
3、介词短语可以有自己的修饰语，这种修饰语通常有right, just, badly, all, well, directly, completely等少数几个副词。如：
He came right after dinner.
He lives directly opposite the school.
4、 某些介词的意义与用法举例
(1) at, on, in(表时间)
表示时间点用at,如at four o'clock, at midnight等；表示不确定的时间或短期假日也用at,如at that time, at Christmas等。
指某天用on, 如on Monday, on the end of November, 指某天的朝夕用on,如on Friday morning, on the afternoon of September lst等。
指长于或短于一天的时段用in,如in the afternoon, in February, in Summer, in 1999等。
(2) between, among(表位置)
between仅用于二者之间，但说三者或三者以上中的每两个之间的相互关系时，也用between, 如
I'm sitting between Tom and Alice.
The village lies between three hills.
among用于三者或三者以上之间。如：He is the best among the students.
(3) beside, besides
beside意为"在…旁边"，而besides意为"除…之外"。如：
He sat beside me.
What do you want besides this?
(4)in the tree, on the tree
in the tree 指动物或人在树上，而on the tree 指果实、树叶长在树上
(5)on the way, in the way, by the way, in this way
on the way 指在路上 in the way 指挡道
by the way 指顺便问一句 in this way 用这样的方法
(6)in the corner, at the corner
in the corner 指在拐角内 at the corner 指在拐角外
(7)in the morning, on the morning
in the morning 是一般说法 on the morning 特指某一天的早晨
(8)by bus, on the bus
by bus 是一般说法 on the bus 特指乘某一辆车
II. 例题
例1 Do you know any other foreign language____ English?
A except B but C beside D besides
解析：A、B两项except等于but，意为"除了…"，C-beside意为"在…旁边"，不符合题意。而D-besides, 意为"除了…之外，还有"。所以该题正确答案为D。该题意为：除了英语外，你还知道别的语言吗？
例2 He suddenly returned ____ a rainy night.
A on B at C in D during
解析：我们均知道，at night这一短语，但如果night前有修饰词，表具体的夜晚，则要用介词on来修饰，故该题正确答案为A。
例3 I'm looking forward ____your letter.
A to B in C at D on
解析：该题正确答案为A。look forward to 为固定搭配，意为"期望、盼望"。
连词
I. 要点
1、 连词的种类
(1) 并列连词用来连接并列关系的词、短语或分句，如and, for, or, both…and, either…or, neither…nor等。
(2) 从属连词用来引导从句，如that, if, whether, when, after, as soon as等。
除了从属连词(引导状语从句)外，还有其它可以用来引导从句的词类。它们是连接代词和连接副词(引导名词性从句)，关系代词和关系副词(引导定语从句)。
2、 常用连词举例
(1)and 和，并且
They drank and sang all night.
(2) both…an