初中英语语法口诀大全.doc
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个人收集整理 勿做商业用途 初中英语语法口诀大全 冠词基本用法 【速记口诀】 名词是秃子,常要戴帽子, 可数名词单,须用a或an, 辅音前用a, an在元音前, 若为特指时,则须用定冠, 复数不可数,泛指the不见, 碰到代词时,冠词均不现。 【妙语诠释】 冠词是中考必考的语法知识之一,也是中考考查的主要对象.以上口诀包括的意思有:①名词在一般情况下不单用,常常要和冠词连用;②表示不确指的可数名词单数前要用不定冠词a或an,确指时要用定冠词the;③如复数名词表示泛指,名词前有this,these,my,some等时就不用冠词。 二、名词单数变复数规则 【速记口诀】 单数变复数,规则要记住, 一般加s,特殊有几处: s结尾,es不离后, 末尾字母o,大多加s, 两人有两菜,es不离口, 词尾f、fe,s前有v和e; 没有规则词,必须单独记. 【妙语诠释】 ①大部分单数可数名词变为复数要加s,但如果单词以/t?蘩/、/?蘩/、/s/发音结尾(也就是单词如果以ch,sh,s,x等结尾),则一般加es;②以o结尾的单词除了两人(negro,hero)两菜(tomato,potato)加es外,其余一般加s;③以f或fe结尾的单词一般是把f,fe变为ve再加s;④英语中还有些单词没有规则,需要特殊记忆,如child-children,mouse—mice,deer—deer,sheep—sheep,Chinese-Chinese,ox-oxen,man—men,woman—women,foot-feet,tooth—teeth。 三、名词所有格用法 【速记口诀】 名词所有格,表物是“谁的”, 若为生命词,加“’s”即可行, 词尾有s,仅把逗号择; 并列名词后,各自和共有, 前者分别加,后者最后加; 若为无命词,of所有格, 前后须倒置,此是硬规则。 【妙语诠释】 ①有生命的名词所有格一般加s,但如果名词以s结尾,则只加“’”;②并列名词所有格表示各自所有时,分别加“’s”,如果是共有,则只在最后名词加“’s”;③如果是无生命的名词则用of表示所有格,这里需要注意它们的顺序与汉语不同,A of B要翻译为B的A. 四、接不定式作宾语的动词 【速记口诀】 三个希望两答应,两个要求莫拒绝; 设法学会做决定,不要假装在选择。 【妙语诠释】 三个希望两答应:hope,wish,want,agree,promise 两个要求莫拒绝:demand,ask,refuse 设法学会做决定:manage,learn,decide 不要假装在选择:petend,choose 五、接动名词作宾语的动词 【速记口诀】 Mrs. P Black missed a beef bag。 (P·布莱克夫人丢了一个牛肉袋。) 【妙语诠释】 该句话中每个字母代表了一个动词或短语,这些动词要求后面跟动名词作宾语。这些动词分别是: M=mind, r=risk, s=succeed in,P=practice,B=be busy, l=look forward to,a=admit,c=can’t help, k=keep on, m=miss,i=insist on,s=suggest,s=stop,e=enjoy,d=delay, a=avoid,b=be worth,a=advise,g=give up. 六、不定式作宾语补足语时省to的动词 【速记口诀】 一感,二听,三让,四看,半帮助 【妙语诠释】 一感:feel;二听:hear,listen to;三让:make,let,have;四看:see,notice,watch,ob-serve;半帮助:help. 七、形容词和副词比较等级用法 【速记口诀】 1。 比较级与最高级:两者比较than相连,三者比较the在前. 2.同级比较:同级比较用原形,as…as永不离;as…as加not,只言两者是同一,若是not so…as,后强前弱不看齐. 【妙语诠释】 ①比较级通常和than连用,而最高级通常跟有定冠词the;②同级比较一般用as…as表示“与…一样”,这时谁强谁弱不能比较出来,而not so…as则表示后者比前者强,翻译为“不如……"。 八、反意疑问句用法 【速记口诀】 反意问句三要点,前后谓语正相反; 短句not如出现,必须缩写是习惯; 最后一点应注意,短句主语代词填. 【妙语诠释】 ①反意疑问句的构成应该是“肯定的陈述句+否定的疑问”或“否定的陈述句+肯定的疑问”;②在短句中not必须与do,will,can等组成缩写形式;③在简短问句中,疑问句的主语必须是代词,而不能用名词形式. 九、感叹句用法 【速记口诀】 感叹句,并不难,what、how放句前; 强调名词用what,其余用how很简单。 【妙语诠释】 由what引导的感叹句一般修饰名词,而how引导的感叹句一般修饰形容词、副词或句子. 初中英语同步导学初中一年级下Unit3 Reading · 在各组单词中找出重读位置不同的一个; ( )1。 A. reception B。 question C. minute D. athlete ( )2. A. fireman B.explain C. listen D。 engine ( )3. A。manager B。against C. bottom D。 suddenly ( )4. A。perfume B. different C. asleep D。restaurant ( )5. A. useful B。 deli.cious C。 allow D.hotel · 词汇练习。 A. 用所给词的正确形式填空。 1。 The baby is ____________(sleep)。 Please be quiet. 2。 The phone is _____________(die)。 It doesn’t work。 3。 For your __________(safe), please don’t push. 4。 Listen! I can hear a dog __________(bark)。 5。 We use our brain for ____________(think)。 B。根据所给的首字母,完成下列句子。 1。 John is the m________ of the hotel. 2。 When there is a fire, try to find the fire e____________. 3. A good sense of smell is u______ for a perfume maker。 4。 A group of f__________ came after the fire alarm went off. 5. Our team will play a __________ Class 2 on Friday. · 根据中文提示完成下列句子(每条横线只填一个单词) · 音乐家通常有好的听觉。 Musicians usually have ________ ________ ________ ________. · 几分钟之后,消防员出现了。 A few minutes later, fireman ________ ________。 · 如果我们不能保持平衡,就会摔倒。 If we can't ________ ________ ________,we’ll ________ ________. · 安全第一,请不要在马路上玩耍. ________ ________。 Please don’t play in the street. · 这所房子属于谁的? Who does the house ________ ________? · 课文理解. John F. Dancer was b ________, so his dog, Charlie, was his e ________。 One day, he stayed in a hotel with Charlie。 When he was a ________, he heard his dog b ________ loudly and he s ________smoke。 S ________later, the fire alarm went off。 He wanted to call the police, but the phone was d ________. He had to lie on the floor and wait。 Minutes later, he heard the sound of a fire e ________. A fireman s ________ up, so John and Charlie were s ________。 Listening · 在各组单词中找出划线部分读音不同的词。 ( )1。 A。programme B. welcome C。 mostly D。 nose ( )2. A。hear B。dear C.bear D。 near ( )3. A.deaf B。bread C。 lead D. dead ( )4。 A。towel B。 know C。 borrow D。blow ( )5。 A. listen B。 left C。 minute D。 taste · 用适当的介词填空. · What ________ going fishing on Sunday? That’s a good Idea。 · Good listening is useful ________ blind people. · Thank you ________ listening to me。 It was my pleasure。 · Where does Meihua sit? She sits ________ my right. · Where is the fire exit? It's________ the end of the corridor. · Deaf people can do most things ________ any help. · Mr。 Baker lives ________ the 15th floor。 · When the alarm went ________, I left the building quickly. · Don’t cross the road when the traffic light turns red。 It's ________ the traffic rules. · We often use our ears ________ listening. Language & Speaking · 用适当的代词填空. · What is ________ father, Lucy? ________ is a doctor。 · Did ________ have a good time at the party? Yes, we enjoyed ________. · What did you give ________ grandma on ________ birthday, Mike? ________gave ________ a hat. · What do ________ parents do at the weekend, Jack? ________ often go shopping. · Help ________ to the delicious food, boys。 Thank ________ very much. · 根据所给单词的正确形式填空。 · Today I made my lunch ________(I)。 · Many ________(listen) like this programme very much。 · We use our mouths for ________(speak)。 · Most of us think deaf people hear ________ (well) than other people。 · The child cried ________(loud) because he couldn’t see his mother。 · 句型转换 · Mary sits beside me. (就划线部分提问) ________ ________ Mary ________? · They had a good time. (同义句转换) They ________ ________。 · Deaf people usually can't speak. (同义句转换) Deaf people usually ________ ________ ________ speak。 · I can do this job without any help。 (同义句转换) I can do this job ________。 · I woke up at 6:30 this morning. (就划线部分提问) ________ ________ ________ you ________ up? · 根据中文提示完成下列句子(每条横线只填一个单词) · 在门的左边有一张床。 There is a bed ________ _________ ________ of the door. · 在左手边的角落里有一台冰箱。 There is a fridge ________ ________ ________ corner. · 妈妈以我为骄傲。 My mother ________ ________ ________me。 · 我们在暑假里玩得很开心. We ________ ________ on summer holidays。 · 那位老妇人摔倒了伤着自己. The old woman ________ ________and ________ ________. Test for Unit 3 · 词组翻译 · · 属于 · 安全第一 · 警报响起 · 出现 · 保持平衡 · 摔倒 · 听说 · 着火 · 灭火 · 爬上 · · 单项选择 · Have you ________ the story of Leifeng? Yes, I have。 · hear of B. heard about C. heard from D。 heard · Help ________ to some fish, everyone。 · yourself B。 youself C. yourselves D.your · Just now I saw some students ________ football in the playground. · were playing B。 played C. to play D。 playing · An old man ________ down and ________ himself in the street. · Where is the picture? It’s above the window。 · Last night, a tall building near my house was ________ fire. · On B. in C. under D。out of · A good perfume maker must have a good sense of ________。 A.taste B.smell C. hearing D。sight · They asked ________ to help ________ to some fish. · melf B。 youself C。 yourselves D。your · Don’t help ________. He can do it ________. · Him… himself B。 he… himself C。 he… him D。 him…he · Last night when I was ________, a loud noise woke me up。 · Sleep B. asleep C。slept D。 to sleep · 选择方框里的单词或词组,并用其正确的形式填空 Go off, show up, seconds later, keep one’s balance, fall down, hear about, put out, book, enjoy oneself, safety first, be proud of · If you want to listen to the concert, you must _________a ticket first。 · We _________at the party last night。 · The firemen tried to _________the fire with water. · Every morning I don't wake up until my clock _________。 · It's hard to _________if we don’t have hands. · We should _________our country。 · _________,you know, so don’t go swimming alone. · When the policeman _________,the thief left。 · The old woman _________ and hurt herself badly。 · _________,the building was on fire after the explosion(爆炸) · 补全句子 · A guide dog is important to a b _________person。 2. I always listen to the radio p _________when I drive to work. 3. Life is difficult if a person has a d _________。 4。 A cook often has good s _________ of smell. 5。 I want to know something about the accident. Can you d _________it to me? 6. A building was on fire last night and some people were _________(serious) hurt. 7。 I saw some students _________(play)football in the rain. 8。 Many person like to_________(listen) to music on the radio。 9. I can't finish the work_________(with)your help。 10。 Children always enjoy _________(they) on Children’s Day. · 句型转换 · He came here by bus this morning。(就划线部分提问) _________ _________ _________ _________here this morning? · I heard somebody. She was singing in the room.(合并成一句) I _________ _________ _________ in the room。 · Kate is watching TV now. (就划线部分提问) _________ _________ Kate _________ now? · We had a good time in the park.(同义句转换) We _________ _________ in the park。 · Kate is 1.5 metres. Lucy is 1。6 metres. (同义句转换) Lucy is _________ _________ Kate. · 课文改写 Last night, when Sun Fei was a _________, a loud noise w_________him up。 He looked out of the window and saw thick smoke c_________ out of a building。 It was on f_________. People ran out of the building. A group of f_________ came and tried to p_________out the fire with water。 There were some people still inside the building. They c_________for help. The firemen ran into the building and c_________them out。 Some d_________and nurses came to help the injured。 Twenty minutes l_________, the firemen put out the fire. No one seriously hurt. · 根据中文提示完成下列句子 · 请随便吃些水果和蔬菜,孩子们; _________ _________ to some fruit and vegetables, children. · 消防员需要有好的嗅觉; Firemen need to have a _________ _________. · 带宠物坐公共汽车是违反规定的; It's _________ _________ _________ to take a bus with your _________。 · 聋人没有机会听,所以他们不会讲; Deaf people cannot_________ _________ to hear, so they are not able to speak。 · 在十字路口转左,在你的右边可以看到人民医院. _________ _________ at the crossing, you can see Renmin Hospital on your right. 1. The children are ___________ (run) there now. 2. I ________ up at half past six this morning。 (get ) 3. It’s time ___________ (have ) sports. 4. My mother ____________ a lot of fruit yesterday afternoon 。 (buy) 5. Please _______ (put) the ball in the box。 6. They ________ _________ a meeting yesterday. ( not have) 7. - ___________ you _________ ( have) any colour pens? - Sorry, I don’t have any. 8. She likes eggs, but she __________________ (not like) bread。 9. Lucy helped the old man ____________ the big basket。 (carry) 10. – Does he like it? — Yes, he ________。 11. – How much meat ________ you ___________ (want) ? — A kilo, please。 12. Can you come and ___________ (play) football with us? 13. There __________ (be) a pen and two erasers in the pencil— box。 14. You must _________ (get) here at two this afternoon. 15. The twins _________ thirteen two years ago。 (be) 16. Where __________ her friend _____________ (swim) now, do you know? 17. We must __________ (help ) the teacher carry it。 18. Who __________ (teach) you English in your school? 19. Would you like _____________ (eat) an apple? 20. Look! The bus ____________________ (come)。 21. Near our school there _________ (be) a shop, it _________ (sell) a lot of books. 22. I don't want __________ (buy) any food。 But he _________ (want). 23. What _______ he _________ (like) ? 24. He __________ (teach) English in a middle school。 25. Han Ling likes __________ (make) things. 26. – What ________ she ___________ (do)? - She _________ ______________ (clean) her room now。 27. Look at the man。 He __________________ (drink) tea。 28. He can ___________ (sing) this song。 29. Let's ___________ ( help ) my mother ___________ (cook). 30. I think Li Lei must ______________ (be) at school. 31. There __________ (be) some bread and meat on the table。 32. Listen! She __________ (sing) an English song. 33. Liu Ying ___________ (study) in Beijing。 34. They _____________________ (clean) the floor now。 35. Look! He ___________________ (drink) tea。 36. Han Meimei often ____________ (play) games after school. 37. Lily _______________ (be) a Young Pioneer。 38. Please ___________ (close) the window, Wu Dong。 39. What __________ the girls __________ (do) over there now? 40. Let’s ______________ (help ) her. 41.Where _______ your pen pal ______ (come ) from? 42.The boy is ___________ (watch) TV at home。 43.Can they finish ____________ (read) the story? 44.Today the girls __________________ (wear) new clothes? 45。___________ ( be ) you sitting and drinking tea? 46.One of the people _____________ (be) singing. 47.What are they doing? They _________________ (clean) the room。 48._________ (be) there any cups of tea? No, there ___________ (be) not any。 49.Look! Lucy ______________ (fly) a kite with Lily。 50。I can ___________ (speak) Chinese and English。 51。How ______ you ___________ (do) ? 52.She ____________ (look) like her mother. 53。I ___________ (not) think so。 54。My friends _____________ (play) cards now。 55.Listen! Who _____________ (sing) in the classroom? 56。Jim ___________ (have) a good friend. 57.Where ___________ (do) your friend come from? 59。I like enjoy _________ (listen) to music after work every day。 60.She ___________ (live) in the city. 61.We have two pen __________ (pal) from England。 62.Class One _________ (have) a map of China. 63。Let’s ____________ (introduce) to each other. 64.You must finish __________ (write ) the question now。 65.Miss Wang teaches __________ (we) Chinese. 66.She is busy _____________ (play) volleyball. 67.It’s time _____________ (get ) up。 68.There are __________________ (thirteenth) girls in our class. 69。Jim is busy ___________ (make ) a card。 70.Mr Green ___________ (teacher) them English every day. 71。The little girl __________ (have) a round face. 72.He can’t ________ (go) there with us. 73。I can’t _____________ (play) the piano。 74.We can help him with ________________ (dance)。 75。She wants ____________ (join) the music club。 77.They are busy ______________ (learn) English now。 78.The music __________ (sound) very great. 79。____________ (read) books is good for us。 80.We can ____________ (learn) a lot about English。 81.She _______________ (not like) opera。 82。He even wants _____________ (be) a famous artist。 83。Someone __________ (be) in the next room。 84。Tom often _____________ (sing ) Japanese songs。 85.Jack often __________ ( swim) in the river。 II。单选 ( )1。You’d better ________ to school by bike today. 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