儿童福利院建设可行性研究报告.doc

rs. The man was ordered to pay &345 for the cost of the trip. The normal price of a ticket is &230 !   Lesson47 A thirsty ghost 嗜酒的鬼魂 A public house which was recently bought by Mr Ian Thompson is up for sale. Mr Thompson is going to sell it because it is haunted. He told me that he could not go to sleep one night because he heard a strange noise coming from the bar. The next morning, he found that the doors had been blocked by chairs and the furniture had been moved. Though Mr Thompson had turned the lights off before he went to bed, they were on in the morning. He also said that he had found five empty whisky bottles which the ghost must have drunk the night before. When I suggested that some villagers must have come in for a free drink, Mr Thompson shook his head. The villagers have told him that they will not accept the inn even if he gives it away.    Lesson48 Did you want to tell me something? 你想对我说什么吗？ Dentists always ask questions when it is impossible for you to answer. My dentist had just pulled out one of my teeth and had told me to rest for a while. I tried to say something, but my mouth was full of cotton-wool. He knew I collected birds' eggs and asked me whether my collection was growing. He then asked me how my brother was and whether I liked my new job in London. In answer to these questions I either nodded or made strange noises. Meanwhile, my tongue was busy searching out the hole where the tooth had been. I suddenly felt very worried, but could not say anything. When the dentist at last removed the cotton-wool from my mouth, I was able to tell him that he had pulled out the wrong tooth.    Lesson49 The end of a dream 美梦告终 Tired of sleeping on the floor, a young man in Teheran saved up for years to buy a real bed. For the first time in his life, he became the proud owner of a bed which had springs and a mattress. Because the weather was very hot, he carried the bed on to the roof of his house. He slept very well for the first two nights, but on the third night, a storm blew up. A gust of wind swept the bed off the roof and sent it crashing into the courtyard below. The young man did not wake up until the bed had struck the ground. Although the bed was smashed to pieces, the man was miraculously unhurt. When he woke up, he was still on the mattress. Glancing at the bits of wood and metal that lay around him, the man sadly picked up the mattress and carried it into his house. After he  had put it on the floor, he promptly went to sleep again.   Lesson50 Taken for a ride 乘车兜风 I love travelling in the country, but I don't like losing my way. I went on an excursion recently, but my trip took me longer than I expected.  ' I'm going to Woodford Green,' I said to the conductor as I got on the bus,' but I don't know where it is.' ' I'll tell you where to get off,' answered the conductor.  I sat in the front of the bus to get a good view of the countryside. After some time, the bus stopped. Looking round, I realized with a shock that I was the only passenger left on the bus.  ' You'll have to get off here,' the conductor said. 'This is as far as we go.' ' Is this Woodford Green ?' I asked. 'Oh dear,' said the conductor suddenly.' I forgot to put you off.' 'It doesn't matter,' I said. 'I'll get off here.' 'We are going back now,' said the conductor. 'Well, in that case, I prefer to stay on the bus,' I answered.   Lesson51 Reward for virtue 对美德的奖赏 My friend, Herbert, has always been fat, but things got so bad recently that he decided to go on a diet. He began his diet a week ago. First of all, he wrote out a long list of all the foods which were forbidden. The list included most of the things Herbert loves: butter, potatoes, rice, beer, milk, chocolate, and sweets. Yesterday I paid him a visit. I rang the bell and was not surprised to see that Herbert was still as fat as ever. He led me into his room and hurriedly hid a large parcel under his desk. It was obvious that he was very embarrassed. When I asked him what he was doing, he smiled guiltily and then put the parcel on the desk. He explained that his diet was so strict that he had to reward himself occasionally. Then he showed me the contents of the parcel. It contained five large bars of chocolate and three bags of sweets!    Lesson52 A pretty carpet 漂亮的地毯 We have just moved into a new house and I have been working hard all morning. I have been trying to get my new room in order. This has not been easy because I own over a thousand books. To make matters worse, the room is rather small, so I have temporarily put my books on the floor. At the moment, they cover every inch of floor space and I actually have to walk on them to get in or out of the room. A short while ago, my sister helped me to carry one of my old bookcases up the stairs. She went into my room and got a big surprise when she saw all those books on the floor. 'This is the prettiest carpet I have ever seen,' she said. She gazed at it for some time then added, 'You don't need bookcases at all. You can sit here in your spare time and read the carpet!'    Lesson53 Hot snake 触电的蛇 At last firemen have put out a big forest fire in California. Since then, they have been trying to find out how the fire began. Forest fire are often caused by broken glass or by cigarette ends which people carelessly throw away. Yesterday the firemen examined the ground carefully, but were not able to find any broken glass. They were also quite sure that a cigarette end did not start the fire. This morning, however, a fireman accidentally discovered the cause. He noticed the remains of a snake which was wound round the electric wires of a 16,000-volt power line. In this way, he was able to solve the mystery. The explanation was simple but very unusual. A bird had snatched up the snake from the ground and then dropped it on to the wires. The snake then wound itself round the wires. When it did so, it sent sparks down to the ground and these immediately started a fire.   Lesson54 Sticky fingers 粘糊的手指 After breakfast, I sent the children to school and then I went to market. It was still early when I returned home. The children were at school, my husband was at work and the house was quiet. So I decided to make some tarts for tea. In a short time I was busy mixing butter and flour and my hands were soon covered with sticky pastry. At exactly that moment, the telephone rang. Nothing could have been more annoying. I picked up the receiver between two sticky fingers and was dismayed when I recognized the voice of Mrs Bates. It took me ten minutes to persuade her to ring back later. At last I hung up the receiver. What a mess! There was pastry on my fingers, on the telephone, and on the door-knobs. I had no sooner got back to the kitchen than the door-bell rang loud enough to wake the dead. This time it was the postman and he wanted me to sign for a registered letter !   Lesson55 Not a gold mine 并非金矿 Dreams of finding lost treasure almost came true recently. A new machine called 'The Revealer' has been invented and it has been used to detect gold which has been buried in the ground. The machine was used in a cave near the seashore where--it is said--pirates used to hide gold. The pirates would often bury gold in the cave and then fail to collect it. Armed with the new machine, a search party went he did not like it. She enjoyed herself making the assistant bring almost everything in the window before finally buying the dress she had first asked for.   Lesson58 A blessing in disguise? 是因祸得福吗？ The tiny village of Frinley is said to possess a 'cursed tree'. Because the tree was mentioned in a newspaper, the number of visitors to Frinley has now increased. The tree was planted near a church fifty years ago, but it is only in recent years that it has gained an evil reputation. It is said that if anyone touches the tree, he will have bad luck; if he picks a leaf, he will die. Many villagers believe that the tree has already claimed a number of victims. The vicar has been asked to have the tree cut down, but so far he has refused. He has pointed out that the tree is a useful source of income as tourists have been coming from all parts of the country to see it. In spite of all that has been said, the tourists-have been picking leaves and cutting their names on the tree-trunk. So far, not one of them has been struck down by sudden death!   Lesson59 In or out ？ 进来还是出去？ Our dog, Rex, used to sit outside our front gate and bark. Every time he wanted to come into the garden he would bark until someone opened the gate. As the neighbours complained of the noise, my husband spent weeks training him to press his paw on the latch to let himself in. Rex soon became an expert at opening the gate. However, when I was going out shopping last week, I noticed him in the garden near the gate. This time he was barking so that someone would let him out ! Since then, he has developed another bad habit. As soon as he opens the gate from the outside, he comes into the garden and waits until the gate shuts. Then he sits and barks until someone lets him out. After this he immediately lets himself in and begins barking again. Yesterday my husband removed the gate and Rex got so annoyed we have not seen him since.      Lesson60 The future 卜算未来 At a village fair, I decided to visit a fortune-teller called Madam Bellinsky. I went into her tent and she told me to sit down. After I had given her some money, she looked into a crystal ball and said: 'A relation of yours is coming to see you. She will be arriving this evening and intends to stay for a few days. The moment you leave this tent, you will get a big surprise. A woman you know well will rush towards you. She will speak to you and then she will lead you away from this place. That is all.' As soon as I went outside, I forgot all about Madam Bellinsky because my wife hurried towards me. 'Where have you been hiding ?' she asked impatiently. 'Your sister will be here in less than an hour and we must be at the station to meet her. We are late already.' As she walked away, I followed her out of the fair.    Lesson61 Trouble with the Hubble 哈勃望远镜的困境 In future, astronauts will be required to descend from a spaceship while it is still in space and to return to it. The ability to do this will be necessary in future flights to distant planets. Scientists are now trying to discover if this is possible. The spaceship Astra which left the earth a short time ago, will be travelling three hundred miles into space. At a certain point, the Astra will stop for a short time and an astronaut will attempt to leave the stationary spaceship and then return to it. We shall not know whether the experiment has been successful until we have received a radio message. The first message is expected to arrive at 7 o'clock this evening. By that time, the Astra will have been flying through space for seventeen hours and will have circled the earth a great many times. When the first radio messages have been received, the results of the trip will be announced immediately.   Lesson62 After the fire 大火之后 Firemen had been fighting the forest fire for nearly three weeks before they could get it under control. A short time before, great trees had covered the countryside for miles around. Now, smoke still rose up from the warm
儿童福利院建设项目可行性研究报告
1、总论
1.1项目名称
宁蒗县儿童福利院建设。
1.2项目建设单位及其简介
项目建设单位是宁蒗彝族自治县民政局。
宁蒗县民政局是宁蒗彝自治县人民政府主管全县民政事业的职能部门。下设办公室、财务室、老龄工作办、收容遣送站等工作机构和各乡（镇）民政工作室，在编人员有34人（含各乡镇民政干事15人）。长期以来，宁蒗县民政局严格遵照党的有关方针政策，按照县委、县人民政府的指示精神，认真开展全县民政事务工作，努力做到全心全意为人民服务，并逐步在工作实践中积累经验，已成为一个功能基本具备、专业经验丰富，干部职工思想素质好、业务知识水平较高而有能力承担相应职能工作的较强的部门。因此，该部门有能力承担儿童福利院项目的建设及运转任务。
1.3本可行性研究报告的编制依据
（1）民发[2006]52号《关于加强孤儿救助工作的意见》；
（2）发改办社会[2007]1130号《国家发展改革委办公厅、民政部办公厅关于编报2007年和2008年社区服务设施，流浪未成年人救助保护设施和儿童福利设施建设项目建议方案的通知》；
（3）宁蒗彝族自治县人民政府《宁蒗彝族自治县社会经济发展第十一个五年规划》；
（4）宁蒗彝族自治县民政局《宁蒗彝族自治县民政事业发展第十一个五年规划》；
（5）近期以来，省民政厅和市民政局的有关电话通知精神。
1.4项目建设背景及提出的过程
新中国成立50多年来，特别是改革开放以来，在党和政府的重视、关怀下，我国以老年人、残疾人、孤儿等社会特殊困难群体为主要对象的社会福利事业取得了长足进展，在社会主义物质文明和精神文明建设中发挥了积极作用。我国已经进入老龄社会，老年人口基数大，增长快，特别是随着家庭小型化的发展，社会化养老的需求迅速增长。同时，残疾人和孤儿的养护、康复条件也亟待改善。但是长期以来，我国社会福利存在资金不足、福利机构少、服务水平较低等问题，难以满足人民群众对福利服务需求日益增长的需要。社会福利事业的改革与发展，已经引起党和政府及全社会的广泛关注，党的十六大报告中也明确提出“要建立健全同经常发展水平相适应的社会保障体系，发展城乡社会救济和社会福利事业”。为此，必须从长远和全局出发，加快社会福利事业的发展，确实保障社会弱势群体的切身利益，这对于进一步建立健全社会保障制度，促进社会稳定和社会文明进步具有重要意义。同时，社会福利事业是社会保障制度的重要组成部分，也是衡量一个地区社会文明程度的重要标志。兴办社会福利事业，是解决社会养老和孤残儿童收养、康复问题的重要举措。民政部为了贯彻胡锦涛总书记对孤残儿童的重要指示精神，决定在“十一五”期间实施“儿童福利机构建设蓝天计划”，资助地方政府新建、改建和扩建一批功能完善、设施齐全、环境优美的儿童福利机构。
根据上述全国的总体形势和遵照（民发[2006]5号）《关于加强孤儿救助工作的意见》和（发改办社会[2007]1130号）《国家发展改革委办公厅、民政部办公厅关于编报2007年和2008年社区服务设施、流浪未成年人救助保护设施和儿童福利设施建设项目建议方案的通知》等的重要精神，宁蒗县民政局根据宁蒗县的实际，结合全县经济社会快速发展，实现民族地区社会稳定的需求及广大各族群众迫切愿望，于2007年初以书面形式将有关建设儿童福利院的思路和方案上报县人民政府。据此，最近县人民政府在规划民政福利事业发展时，决定抓住这一契机，申报本项目。并决心争取省民政厅和市民政局的关心和支持，以争取扶持资金与自筹解决相结合的方式，建设好儿童福利院。
1.5项目建设地点
儿童福利院建设地点选择在宁蒗县城南2公里处的干河子社区（原宁蒗局三车队队址，该地现已闲置），由县人民政府无偿划拨土地作为建设项目使用。
1.6项目建设规模
儿童福利院占地面积为4.18亩（2781.58m2），主体建筑物为砖混三楼一顶结构，总建筑面积为1000m3，修筑围墙、大门、走道等附属建筑，架通供水供电设施，物露土地面积种草植树，修建简易娱乐场。
项目建成后，能收养200人孤儿及未成年流浪儿童。
1.7项目建设目标任务
建设儿童福利院，院内分设儿童区及孤儿养护、教育、康复、娱乐等内设机构和场所，年收容县境内孤儿200人。项目建成运行后，可让宁蒗县内有一部分孤儿有个家，解决他们吃、穿、行、住等日常生活问题，缓减各级党委、政府面临的社会问题。
项目的实施将实现宁蒗县的部分孤儿有所养、有所靠，不至流落异乡和流落街头，为他们提供良好的生存学习环境。让孤儿们感受到党和国家的温暖，感受社会主义制度的优越性，实现“和其他小朋友一样，在祖国的同一片蓝天下健康幸福成长”。
1.8主要存在问题及建议
（1）儿童福利院是个较为特殊的场所，从中生活的是一些智力和身体都正处于发育中的儿童（除工作人员外），因此，项目构筑物的设计和施工，内置配件、设备设施等都必须周全考虑，特别强调安全问题，使孤儿和工作人员生活在院内安全舒适，万无一失，也使儿童福利院发挥出最大的社会效益。
（2）儿童福利院建成运行后，是一个完全依靠财政资金来维持运转的纯公益性项目，从中更多的体现的是党的温暖和社会主义国家的优越性。因此在项目设计上和施工中都应符合节能、节约的原则，其供水供电设施、院内附属配件、设备等均应体现节能、节约的特点。
（3）鉴于儿童福利院的特殊性，工作人员每天面对的是一些烦琐又繁重的体力劳动，且必须要掌握一定的专业技术知识。因此，建议有关部门在调配工作人员时，配备一些具备专业技术知识、个人素质高、思想品德好、能吃苦耐劳的工作人员，这样才能更有效地发挥儿童福利院的作用，更加体现党的温暖和社会主义的优越性。
（4）本项目的规模十分有限，仅能解决200名孤儿的社会服务问题，难于满足全县的实际需求，还有待于不断提高服务的范围、规模和质量。
2、项目建设背景
2.1宁蒗县的基本情况
宁蒗彝族自治县地处滇西北的川滇交界处，位于东经100°22′～101°16′，北纬26°36′～27°56′。东北两面与四川省凉山州的盐边、盐源、木里三县接壤。西面与丽江市古城区和玉龙纳西族自治县隔江相望，南部与本市永胜、华坪两县毗邻，全县土地面积6025平方公里。县域地处滇西北横断山脉中断，属金沙江水系，地势以西北部较高，东部和东北部较低，分为高原盆地、高原条状山地、高原河谷、金沙江峡谷、河流冲积阶地等五个地貌单元，海拔最高4510.3米，最低1350米，相对高差3160.3米，境内山高坡陡，山区面积占98.4%。县域地处西南季风气候区域滇川交界处的小凉山，属低纬度原季风气候区，具有暖温带山地季风气候特点，干湿季分明，立体气候明显，年平均气温12.7℃，全年无≤0℃的季节，1月平均气温4.1℃，7月平均气温19.3℃，≥10℃的活动年积温为3782℃，全年日照时数2321小时，日照百分率为53.8%，年平均降雨量为925mm，年蒸发量为1270mm，雨量主要集中在7～9月份，占全年降雨量的80%以上，5～6月常出现干旱。平均年无霜期为192天。本县自然灾害频繁，主要自然灾害有干旱、洪涝、风灾、冰雹、低温冷害、盐碱地等，干旱、洪涝灾害每年都发生，成灾面积逐年增多，滑坡、泥石流发生频繁，危害程度不断增大，使人民群众生产生活受到较大影响。
全县辖15个乡（镇），91个村民委员会（含社区、办事处），1119个村民小组，52880户，24.44万人，其中农业人口22.60万人，有劳动力11.5万人。县域国土面积6025万亩，其中耕地106.75万亩，园地面积4.42万亩，林地624.42万亩，牧草地8.04万亩，宅基地4.56万亩，交通用地3.86万亩，水域10.34万亩，未利用土地145.41万亩。宁蒗县是一个山区农业县，农业是经济发展的基础，十一届三中全会以来，本县农业发展较快。据2006年统计，粮食总产量6590万公斤，平均亩产130公斤，农民人均生产粮食292公斤，主要粮食品种是洋芋、玉米、荞子、水稻。经济农作物主要是油菜和白芸豆、烤烟。农业生产总值28815万元，占国民经济总产值的42.5%，其中种植业产值14007万元，林业产值3728万元，畜牧业1095万元，渔业产值425万元，农村物资服务业560万元。
从整体上来看，全县贫困人口基本分布在高寒山区和深山区，以及金沙江河谷区，坝区和半山区较少，2006年底全县农民人均纯收入667元以下的绝对贫困人口为17.87万人，其中高寒山区（海拔在2781.58米左右）就有8200户、41000人。据统计全县农业人口22.6万人中，农民人均纯收入在924元以上人口1.66万人，纯收入667～924元的人口为2.29万人，人均纯收入667元以下的人口17.87万人。人均纯收入500元以下的人口8.5万人。
2.2项目建设的必要性
宁蒗县由于历史及地理条件等诸多原因，加上是个高寒、贫