人教版高中英语必修3Unit2知识点详解.doc

Part 1. Warming up
1．diet n. 日常饮食；食物
It is important to have a balanced，healthy diet.均衡、健康的日常饮食很重要。
搭配 be on a diet在节食 go on a diet节食 put sb.on a diet 限制某人的饮食
①No sugar in my coffee，please；I’m dieting.请不要给我的咖啡放糖，我在节食。
②(牛津P552)I decided to go_on_a_diet before my holiday.我决定在休假前节食。
③It is important to have_a_balanced,healthy_diet.拥有均衡、健康的饮食很重要。
④The doctor put him on a diet after operation.手术之后，医生规定了他的饮食。
2．What will happen to you if you don’t eat a balanced diet?假如你的饮食不均衡会怎么样？
balance n 平衡；天平　v．平衡；权衡
I think it’s important for a college student to have a balance between study and a social life.
我认为一个大学生在学习与社会生活之间保持平衡是很重要的。
You have to balance the advantages of living downtown against the disadvantages.你必须权衡住在市中心的利弊。
On balance，the company has had a successful year.总的来说，公司这一年是成功的。
根据提示，完成下列句子。
(1)Seeing a car coming at a crossing，she (失去平衡) and fell down from her bike.
(2)The key to learning skating is to (保持平衡)．
lost her balance
keep the balance
Part 2. Pre-reading, reading and comprehending
1. Wang Pengwei sat in his empty restaurant feeling very frustrated.
feeling这里是用动词的-ing形式做伴随状语。
The manager approached(走近) us smiling.
Many of us, being so excited, could not go to sleep that night.
2.Suddenly he saw his friend Li Chang hurrying by.突然间，他看到他的朋友李昌匆匆地走过。
see sb.doing sth.意为：看到某人正在做某事。
英语中的感官动词see,hear,notice,watch，feel等后面可以跟宾语补足语。宾语补足语可由不定式短语(省略to)或现在分词充当。
3.“Nothing could be better.” He thought.他想：“再也没有比这更好吃的了。”
句型 否定词＋比较级表达最高级
典例体验
You couldn’t have chosen a more satisfying present for me. 你无法给我选到比这个更令人满意的礼物了。
We couldn’t find a more valuable stamp than this one in the world.在这个世界上我们无法找到比这张更值钱的邮票了。
表示最高级意义的几种特殊结构：
(1)never+比较级
I have never heard such a better voice. 我从没听过这么好听的声音。
(2)nothing (或no)+so+原级+as...
No one is so deaf as those who won’t listen.最聋者莫过于不听劝说的人。
Nothing in my life shocked me so deeply as this first visit to China.在我的一生中给我震撼最大的是第一次到中国参观。

nothing (或no)+比较级+than...
any other+单数名词
all (the) other+复数名词
(3)比较级+than+ anyone else
any of the other+复数名词
the rest of+复数名词或不可数名词
①It was not until then that I suddenly realized nobody was happier than I was.
直到那时我才突然意识到没有人比我更幸福的了。
②Nothing in my life shook me so deeply as the first visit to China.在我的一生中给我震撼最大的是第一次到中国参观。
③You can never be too careful.你再怎么小心也不过分。
根据汉语意思完成英语句子。
(1)再也没有这么好的结果了。
We ________(can) have got ________(good) results.
(2)我们完全赞同。
We can’t agree ____________________(much)．
(3)再也没有什么比你保持健康更珍贵了。
Nothing is ____________________(precious) than you keep fit.
couldn’t better
more
more precious
(2011·高考四川卷)—How was your recent trip to Sichuan?
—I’ve never had ________ one before.
A．a pleasant B．a more pleasant C．a most pleasant D．the most pleasant
解析：选B。句意为：——你最近去四川的旅行怎么样？
——这是我所有旅行中最愉快的一次。考查形容词的比较级。“否定形式＋比较级”等同于最高级。根据语境可知此处用比较级与句中的never结合表示最高级。
(2012·北京海淀区模拟)—Our women athletes achieved great success in the Vancouver Winter Olympic Games.
—Yes.No one could perform________,I think.
A．well　　　 B．better C．best D．the best
解析：选B。答句句意为：——我们的女运动员在温哥华冬奥会上取得了巨大的成就。——是的。我想，没人比她们表现得更精彩了。此处用“否定形式＋比较级”表达“没人比……更……，最……”之意。
提示：can not(never)/could not(never)与enough/too连用也表示最高级含义，意为“再……也不过分”。如：
You can never be too careful.你再怎么小心也不过分。
You can not praise the play too highly.这出戏你无论怎样称赞都不过分。

4.Tired of all that fat? Want to be lose weight?
be/get tired of 厌烦；讨厌
拓展 (1)tired/tiring的用法区别：
tired意思为“疲惫的，累的”，用于描述人，通常用be tired，look tired等结构；tiring意思为“令人厌倦的，使人疲劳的”，指某事或者某人使人厌倦，情感上不再予以理睬而回避。例如：This is a tiring marriage.这是一个令人厌烦的婚姻。
拓展 (2)be tired from 因……而疲倦
be tired out 筋疲力尽
完成句子
(1)我们等他打电话来都等腻了。
We to call.
(2)她厌倦了每天都要进那间办公室。
She’s every day.
were tired of waiting for him
getting tired of going into that office

lose weight 体重减轻；减肥
这么短的一个月你怎么减肥的？
How did you in so short a month?
联想 put on weight 体重增加
watch one’s weight 注意饮食以免发胖
5.Curiosity drove Wang Feng inside.王鹏受到好奇心的驱使，走了进去。
curiosity n. 好奇心；求知欲
搭配 have a curiosity about sth./to do sth. 对……有好奇心
out of curiosity 出于好奇
satisfy one’s curiosity 满足好奇心
It was curious that(奇怪的是) she didn’t tell anyone.她没有告诉任何人，这很反常。
派生 curious adj.求知欲强的；好奇的 curiously adv.好奇地
完成句子
(1)儿童对周围的世界有天生的好奇心。
Children the world around them.
(2)出于好奇，请问你有多大？
Just ____________________，how old are you?
(3)我有种好奇心，想知道下一步要发生什么事情。
I what would happen next.
(4)他们对住在楼上的人感到很好奇。
They ________ very the people living upstairs.
(5)“你真是位画家吗？”他好奇地问道。
“Are you really an artist？” he asked ___________.
have a natural curiosity about
out of curiosity
have a curiosity to know　
were curious about
curiously

6.Wang Pengwei was amazed at this and especially at the prices.
amaze v.
(1)To fill with great surprise,cause wonder in 吃惊，使吃惊
e.g. It amazed me to hear that you were leaving.
(2)be amazed at…. 对…感到惊讶，惊愕
e.g. You would be amazed at how difficult it was.

7. He could not have Yong Hui getting away with telling people lies！他可不能让雍慧哄骗人们却不受惩罚！
have sb./sth. doing sth. 让某事发生,强调doing这一动作持续进行或“使某人或某物处于某种状态”。
If you don’t put a fence around your garden，you’ll have people walking in and stealing your fruit.如果你不用篱笆围住果园，会有人进来偷摘你的水果。
(1)have sb. doing也可以表示“允许或容忍某人干某事/某事发生”。此时应该用在否定句中，并且只限于第一人称(I/we)。
“I/We won’t/can’t have sb. doing”相当于“I/We won’t/can’t allow sb. to do”。例如：
I won’t have you doing such a thing.我不许你做这种事。
(2)have sb. do sth.“使某人做某事” ,强调一次具体的动作。此处不定式作宾语补足语省略了to。例如：
No one can have Tom do this.没人能使汤姆做这件事。
(3)have sth. done包含两层意思，一种是请别人做某事，另一种为承担外界或别人做某事的后果。例如：
You’d better have your hair cut，for it’s too long for a boy.你最好去理发，对男孩子来说，这头发太长。
I had my wallet stolen on the bus.我的钱包在公交车上被盗了。
(4)have sth.to do中to do为不定式短语作后置定语。
完成句子
仿写：(1)我要用三天的时间教会你开车。
I’ll ____________________ in three days.
(2)我鼓励他们大家用英语交流。
I ____________________ in English to each other.
have you driving
have them all talking
get away with... 不因……受惩罚；受到
完成句子
(1)我不能让你考试作弊而不受惩罚。
I won’t have you ____________________cheating in the exam.
(2)他犯了如此严重的错误，侥幸只交了罚款了事。
He was so lucky to ____________________ a fine for such a serious mistake.
getting away with
get away with
联想get across解释清楚；使人了解
get on/along with进展；与……相处
get around/round 各处走动；(消息)传开
get down to开始；着手
get sb.down使沮丧；使悲伤
get over 克服；熬过；恢复
get in 收集，使进入
get through 接通电话；完成
get rid of 摆脱；除掉
get away(from)．.. (从)……脱离，逃脱……
①For the serious accident，he got away with only a fine.
那么严重的事故，他交了罚款就完事了。
②The child ought to be punished.You shouldn’t let him get away with telling lies!
这孩子应该受到惩罚，对他撒谎这事你不应就这么算了！
③(湖北高考)If we can get over our present difficulties，then everything should be all right.
如果我们克服了目前的困难，那么一切都应该会好起来。
④(重庆高考)Isn’t it time you got down to marking the papers?你是不是该开始批改试卷了。
Every now and then I like to spend a few days in the country to get_away_(from) the noise and pollution of London.我间或喜欢在乡下住几天以避开伦敦的喧闹和污染。

tell a lie 说谎 a white lie 善意的谎言
(1)我总能知道他什么时候在说谎。
I always know when he is .
(2)他为自己的迟到向老板撒了一个谎。
He ________ his boss ________ for being late.
拓展lie n．谎言　v．撒谎
lie to people＝tell people lies 向某人撒谎
tell the truth 说实话
(3)他向妻子撒了个谎，这样他可以晚点回来。
He ________ his wife(＝told his wife a lie/told a lie to his wife) so that he could come home late.
telling lies
told a lie
lied to

lie lied lied lying 说谎
lie lay lain lying 躺，处于（某一位置）
lay laid laid laying 放置，下蛋，产卵
lie in 在于
①(牛津P1165)You could see from his face that he was lying.从他的表情上你可以看出他在撒谎。
②He didn’t finish his homework last night so he told a lie.他昨天晚上没有完成作业，所以他说了谎。
③The survivors lay on the beach，exhausted and shocked.幸存者们躺在沙滩上，疲劳不堪又深感震惊。
④She told me that happiness lies in helping others to be happy.她告诉我快乐的真谛在于帮助他人变得快乐。
The suspect ________ to the police that the hammer still ________ where he had ________ it.
A．lay; lay; lain B．lay; lied; laid
C．lied; lay; laid D．lied; laid; lain
析：句意：嫌疑犯向警察撒谎说那把铁锤仍然在他原来放的地方。第一空意思是“撒谎”(lie)，其过去式为lied，lie to sb.意思是“向某人撒谎”；第二空意思是“位于，在(lie)”，其过去式为lay；第三空意思是“放置(lay)”，其过去分词为laid。
答案：C

8.Perhaps with a discount and a new sign he could win his customers back.
win...back意为：赢回；重新获得
win sb.’s heart赢得某人的爱情
win a gold medal获得金牌
win sb. round/around/over说服某人；把某人争取过来
win out (=win through)(经历困难后)终于成功
即学即用
(1)中国人民一定会赢得抗震这场战争。
The people of China will _______________ the earthquake.
(2)我怎么才能重新赢得她的信任？
How can I ___________________?
win the battle against
win back her trust
9.The strength of the diet in Wang Peng’s restaurant was that it provided plenty of energy giving food.王鹏餐馆的饮食优点在于它能提供含有足够热量的食物。
strength　n. [U]力量，体力 [C]长处，强项
build up one’s strength　增强实力
strengthen v.增强，加强
①(天津高考)When we think of leadership，we often think of strength and power.一想到领导才能，我们通常会想到实力和权力。
②(2009年高考浙江卷)Each of us has our own strengths and weaknesses.我们每个人都有自己的强项和弱项。
③The ability to keep calm is one of her many strengths.能够保持冷静是她的多项长处之一。
④Our friendship has steadily strengthened over the years.我们的友谊逐年加深。

Part 3. Learning about Language
1. consult vt.咨询；请教；vi.商量
consultant n．顾问，咨询者
consult sb.向某人请教
consult a doctor看医生
consult a dictionary/map查字典/地图
consult with sb. about/on sth.就……与某人交换意见
(1)He his partners the investment.他与合伙人商量那项投资。
(2)She consulted her doctor about her disease.她向她的医师求诊。
consulted with about
Part 4. Using Language
Perhaps he would be able to earn his living after all and not have to close his restaurant.
earn one’s living 谋生(earn one’s/a living＝make one’s/a living)
(1)我主要以教书谋生。
I mainly by/from teaching.
(2)他以修车谋生。
He by repairing cars.
联想 earn money＝make money 赚钱
earn one’s praise 受到某人的表扬
earned my living
earns a living
2.He did not look forward to being in debt because his restaurant was no longer popular.
in debt 负债，欠债
(1)在旧社会，许多农民负债累累。
In the old days，many peasants are ____________________.
in heavy debt
提示 如果表示欠某人的债，后面加介词to。be in debt to sb. 欠某人的债。
联想 be in one’s debt 欠某人的情
be out of debt 还清债务(表状态)
pay off debt 还清债务(表动作)
get into debt
(2)他现在有足够的钱来还清父亲尚未还清的债务。
He has enough money to ____________________ his father’s outstanding debts.
(3)玛丽陷入债务中。Mary was ____________________ debt.
(4)你知道，我欠我父母的太多了。You know，I am ____________________.
pay off
getting into
in my parents’ debt

3.She did not look happy but _ glare _____ at him.
glare vi. 瞪眼，怒目而视，常与介词at连用； n. 怒视；强烈刺目的光。
即学即用
(1)这位老人只是站在那里对那个扒手怒目而视。
The old man just stood there the pickpocket.
(2)太阳的耀眼光芒从蓝天中散射开来。 The sun _______________ the blue sky.
glaring at
glares out of
辨析 glare at/stare at/glance at
三者都有“凝视”的意思，但是用法不一样。
glare at指“怒视”，表示生气地盯着某人。
stare at表示“盯着看”，指由于惊奇、害怕、生气或沉思而睁大眼睛全神贯注。
glance at指“快速地看某人或某物一眼”，强调动作。
4.I don’t want to upset you,but I found your menu so limited that I stopped worrying and started advertising the benefits of my food.我不想让你心烦,不过我发现你菜谱上的菜太少了,所以我也就不担心了，我也开始宣传我的食物的好处。
so...that...意为：如此……以致于……,在此引导结果状语从句，so是副词,后跟形容词或副词，在这个从句中一般不用情态动词。
limit n.界限；限度；vt.限定；限制。
(1)go beyond/over the limit超过限度
within limits在一定范围内；有限度的
within the limits of在……的范围内
They did well within the limits of their knowledge.由于知识所限，他们已经做得很好了。
without limit无限(制)地
set a limit to sth.对……规定限度
be limited to sth.受限制于某物
I believe teaching should not be limited to the classroom.我认为教学不应该局限在教室内。
(2)limit sth.to...把……限定在……的范围内
即学即用
(1)我们能忍受的疼痛是有限的。
There is ____________________ the amount of pain we can bear.
(2)我们要为这次旅行的花费设个界限。
We must ____________________ the expense of the trip.
(3)她的旅行仅限于一些法国的旅游胜地。
Her traveling has been ____________________ a few French resorts.
(4)我为了减肥，限定自己每天摄入1000卡的热量。
I’ve ________ myself ________ 1,000 calories a day to try to lose weight.
a limit to set a limit to limited to limited to

benefit vt. 使受益；得益　n．利益；益处
(1)A university education is of huge and direct benefit to the individual. (2010·北京，阅读理解D)
大学教育对于个人有巨大且直接的好处。
(2)It is an expensive investment but it will benefit the company in the long run.这是一项花费很大的投资，但从长远来看，它将对公司有好处。
搭配 benefit from...从……中获益
完成句子
(1)他将从这种新的经营方式中受益。
He will the new way of doing business.
(2)从学习外语中我得到很多益处。
I got a lot of learning a foreign language.
(3)每天做些适量运动对健康很有好处。
Plenty of exercise every day is our health.
(4)她为了健康而去了那里。She went there her health.
benefit from
benefit from
识记of benefit to对……有益处
for the benefit of...为了……的利益
of great benefit to =be beneficial to sb.对某人有益处
unemployment benefits 失业救济金
联想 do good to...对……有好处
to one’s advantage对某人有好处
to one’s interest对某人有益
in the interest of为了……的利益
to one’s profit对……有好处
in one’s favor对……有利
for the sake of为了，为了……的利益
5.“Well,I do have to rest a lot,” admitted Yong Hui.“是的，我的确经常需要休息，”雍慧承认道。
do在此用来加强语气，意为“的确”。在谓语动词(变成动词原形)前，根据人称和时态,加上do,does或did进行强调,用来加强语气。表示“确实，的确；非常”。
6.“According to my research,neither your restaurant nor mine offers a balanced diet,”explained Wang Peng.“根据我的研究,你我两家的餐馆都不能提供均衡的膳食，”王鹏解释道。
neither...nor... 意为：既不……也不……，为并列连词，其反义词组为both...and...
7. Perhaps we ought to combine our ideas and provide a balanced menu with food full of energy and fibre.
combine vt. & vi.(使)结合；(使)联合
combine against为反对……而联合
combine...with...将……与……结合在一起
combination n.联合；化合
in combination联合起来；在联合中
combine to do 联合做某事
根据汉语意思，完成下列句子。
(1)钢是由铁加碳炼制而成的。
Steel is produced by iron ________ carbon.
(2)那两个党联合起来打败了政府。
The two parties defeat the government.
combining with
combined to
易混辨异
combine,unite,connect,join,link
这几个词都有“结合”的意思。
(1)combine和unite强调在混合或结合产生一个新产品的过程中每个个体的特性消失了。combine更强调新出现的东西，unite则突出新东西的单一性。
(2)connect暗示一种松散的附合,尤指保留构成要素的特性和保留这种连结迹象的附合。
(3)join着重表示形体上或思想上联系或连接的意思,或表示两个或两个以上物体怎样构成一连续的东西。
(4)link表示形体方面的意思时，暗示了新产品保留了原来个性的特征，又互相不可分割。
即学即用
(1)工人们联合起来反对工头。
The workers _________________ the boss.
(2)有些电影把教育与娱乐结合了起来。
Some films ________ education _______ recreation.
combined against
combine with
8.In this way they cut down the fat and increased the fibre in the meal.
cut down 削减；删节
(1)你抽烟太凶了，该少抽点。 You smoke too much—you should try to ________.
(2)文章太长了，需要压缩一下。
The article is too long—it needs a little.
cut down cutting down
联想cut in 插嘴
cut across走捷径，抄近路
cut off 切断；中断；隔绝
cut up 切碎；割碎
cut down 砍断
cut out 戒掉；改掉
9.Their balanced diets became such a s