2020-2021学年高中英语-UNIT-4-BODY-LANGUAGE作业新人教版选择性必修第一册.doc

2020-2021学年高中英语 UNIT 4 BODY LANGUAGE作业新人教版选择性必修第一册

2020-2021学年高中英语 UNIT 4 BODY LANGUAGE作业新人教版选择性必修第一册

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UNIT 4　BODY LANGUAGE
第一部分　阅读(共两节， 满分50分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分， 满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文， 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Each applicant to Harvard College is considered with great care. We consider each applicant to Harvard College as a whole person, and put enormous care into evaluating every application. We hope you will explore the information in this section to understand what we look for in our admissions process.
How to Apply
Submit your application through the Common Application, the Coalition Application, or the Universal College Application. Each is treated equally by the Admissions Committee. Complete and submit your materials as soon as possible to ensure full and timely consideration of your application. View our Application Tips for step­by­step information.
When to Apply
Date
Deadline
Date
Deadline
November
1
Early Action Deadline
March 1
Financial Aid Application deadline
November
1
Early Financial Aid Application deadline
Late
March
Decision letters mailed
Mid­
December
Early Auction decisions released
May 1
Reply date for Admitted Students
January
1
Regular Decision deadline

What We Look for
We seek promising students who will contribute to the Harvard community during their college years, and to society throughout their lives.
While academic accomplishment is the basic requirement, the Admission Committee considers many other factors — strong personal qualities, special talents or excellences of all kinds, perspectives formed by unusual personal circumstances, and the ability to take advantage of available resources and opportunities.
We outline everything you need to apply to Harvard.
1．Where can you find step­by­step information of how to apply?
A．The Common Application.
B．The Coalition Application.
C．The Universal College Application.
D．Application Tips.
2．Which is the final day for Financial Aid Application?
A．November 1.　　 B．January 1.
C．March 1.　　 D．May 1.
3．What is the basic requirement to apply for Harvard University?
A．Academic accomplishment.
B．Strong personal qualities.
C．Special talents.
D．Unique perspectives.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了申请进入哈佛大学的流程， 包括如何申请、何时申请以及哈佛大学关注何种类型的考生。
1．D　细节理解题。根据How to Apply部分中的最后一句“View our Application Tips for step­by­step information.”可知， 如果要知道申请步骤， 可以阅读申请建议。
2．C　细节理解题。根据When to Apply部分的“March 1: Financial Aid Application deadline”可知， 助学金申请的最后期限是3月1日。
3．A　细节理解题。根据What We Look For部分中第二段中的“While academic accomplishment is the basic requirement…”可知， 进入哈佛大学就读的最基本条件是学术成就满足要求。
B
When I was five or six years old, I remember watching TV and seeing other children suffer in other parts of the world. I would say to myself, “When I grow up, when I can get rich, I will save kids all over the world.”
At 17, I started my career here in America, and by the age of 18, I started my first charity organization. I went on to team up with other organizations in the following years, and met, helped, and even lost some of the most beautiful souls, from six­year­old Jasmina Anema who passed away in 2010 from leukemia (白血病), whose story inspired thousands to volunteer as donors, to my grandmother, who lost her battle with cancer in 2012, which is the very reason and the driving force behind the Clara Lionel Foundation(CLF) . We're all human. And we all just want a chance: a chance at life, a chance in education, a chance at a future, really. And at CLF, our mission is to impact as many lives as possible, but it starts with just one.
People make it seem too hard to do charity work. The truth is, you don't have to be rich to help others. You don't need to be famous. You don't even have to be college­educated. But it starts with your neighbor, the person right next to you, the person sitting next to you in class, the kid down the block in your neighborhood. You just do whatever you can to help in any way that you can. And today, I want to challenge each of you to make a commitment to help one person, one organization, one situation that touches your heart. My grandmother always used to say, “If you've got a dollar, there's plenty to share.”
4．What did the author want to do at a young age?
A．Watch TV.　　 B．Grow up quickly.
C．Become wealthy.　　 D．Help other children.
5．What directly caused the author to create and develop the CLF?
A．A six­year­old kid's request.
B．Her grandmother's death of cancer.
C．Many volunteers' inspiration.
D．Other organizations' encouragement.
6．What does the underlined word “one” in Paragraph 2 refer to?
A．A chance.　　 B．A task.
C．A life. 　　 D．An organization.
7．What does the author suggest people do in the last paragraph?
A．Do little things to help those around them.
B．Work hard to get a college education.
C．Challenge their friends to offer help.
D．Do charity work whatever you are.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。慈善无关贫富， 无关名誉， 无关教育背景；从帮助身边的人做起， 成就自己的事业。
4．D　细节理解题。根据第一段中的第二句“I would say to myself, ‘When I grow up, when I can get rich, I will save kids all over the world.'”并结合第一段内容可知， 小时候在电视中看到受苦的孩子， 作者想要在长大后帮助他们。
5．B　推理判断题。根据第二段第二句中“…to my grandmother, who lost her battle with cancer in 2012, which is the very reason and the driving force behind the Clara Lionel Foundation(CLF)．”可知， 在2012年， 祖母因病去世， 这促使作者成立了克拉拉·莱昂内尔基金会(CLF)。
6．C　代词指代题。根据第二段的最后一句“And at CLF, our mission is to impact as many lives as possible, but it starts with just one.”可知， 在克拉拉·莱昂内尔基金会中作者的任务是尽可能影响更多的生命， 但这个任务从影响一个人的生命开始。根据该句中的“as many lives as possible”， 结合“but it starts with just one”可知， 画线词one指代“a life”。
7．A　推理判断题。根据第三段中的第五句“But it starts with your neighbor, the person right next to you, the person sitting next to you in class, the kid down the block in your neighborhood.”可知， 作者建议慈善从帮助身边的人做起。
C
In the short time Steve and Zach had been inside their tent packing their tools, wind­blown flame had skipped from the top of one tree to another. The long dry summer had turned the forest into a tinderbox.
“Let's go! We can make it back to the river we crossed today! ” Steve kept Brady on the lead and their heads down against the fire­wind. But Brady barked a sharp warning. Ahead of them lay a thick curtain of smoke across the track. They would never make it through that. The dog was pulling at his lead trying to draw them away from the smoke, and yet Steve was uneasy. It seemed to him that they were moving away from the river.
Suddenly, Zach cried. “Zach! ” Steve shouted. “Are you OK? Where are you? ” Then Brady pulled Steve down a sharp slope(坡) . At its base, Zach was rubbing his ankle.
As Steve helped his friend to his feet, Brady lifted his head and snuffed(嗅) the smoke­laden wind. Next moment, the dog bounded away and disappeared. The boys shouted for him, but he didn't come back. Steve couldn't blame Brady for panicking. He himself wanted to run even though he didn't have a clue which way.
Steve and Zach hadn't gone far when there was a familiar bark, and Brady came bounding, stopped directly in front of Steve and hit him with his head, pushing him back toward the slope they'd just climbed. But Steve didn't get it. Then Brady grabbed the boy's jeans and started pulling. The message was clear, but Steve hesitated. Of course he remembered Brady saving his uncle's life when the dog was much younger. Was he still sharp enough to get them through this?
Nearby, a pine went up in a whoosh of smoke. Brady pulled again, urgently. “OK, big guy, ” Steve gritted(咬紧牙关) . Brady led them back down the slope and into the trees. Not far from them fire was touching underbrush. Several times the big dog stopped. Often he changed directions. Steve was so tired that he just wanted to rest, but Brady wouldn't have it. The dog bullied both boys to go on. How long they'd walked Steve had no idea. He was almost numb when he heard it — the wonderful sound of rushing water!
8．What happened to Steve and Zach at first?
A．They got injured.
B．They lost their dog.
C．They were trapped.
D．They became separated.
9．Why did Brady want to run away?
A．To seek help.　　 B．To find a way out.
C．To rescue Zach.　　 D．To escape for life.
10．How did Steve feel after Brady pulled his jeans?
A．Uneasy.　　 B．Impatient.
C．Numb. 　　 D．Uncertain.
11．What does the passage basically describe?
A．An adventure.　　 B．An exploration.
C．An escape game.　　 D．A training program.
【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。记叙了Steve 和Zach在森林里遇到大火的冒险故事。
8．D　细节理解题。第三段的“Steve shouted. ‘Are you OK? Where are you? '”可知， 一开始Steve 和Zach走散了。
9．B　推理判断题。根据第四段和最后一段可知狗消失后又回来， 强行让他们跟着它走， 最后他们听到了水流声， 摆脱了森林火灾的危险， 故狗离开是为了寻找出路。
10．D　细节理解题。根据第五段的“The message was clear, but Steve hesitated.”可知， Steve犹豫了。
11．A.　主旨大意题。文章主要记叙了Steve 和Zach在森林里遇到大火的冒险故事。
D
Traditionally, robots have been hard, made of metal and other rigid material. But a team of scientists at Harvard University in the US has managed to build an entirely soft robot — one that draws inspiration from an octopus (章鱼) .
Described in science journal Nature, the “Octobot” could pave the way for more effective autonomous robots that could be used in search, rescue and exploration. “The Octobot is a minimal system which may serve as a foundation for a new generation of completely soft, autonomous robots, ” the study's authors wrote.
Robots built for precise, repetitive movements in a controlled environment don't do so well on rough terrains (地形) or in unpredictable conditions. And they aren't especially safe around humans, because they're made out of hard and heavy parts that could be potentially dangerous to their users.
So researchers have been working on building soft robots for decades. They're taken inspiration from nature, looking to animals from jellyfish to cockroaches, which are often made up of more flexible matter.
But creating a completely soft robot remains a challenge. Even if engineers build a silicone (硅酮) body, it's still a grand challenge to construct flexible versions of essential parts, such as a source of power.
“Although soft robotics is still in its early stage, it holds great promise for several applications, such as search­rescue operations and exploration, ” Barbara Mazzolai and Virgilio Mattoli of the Italian Institute of Technology' Center for Micro­BioRobotics, wrote in a comment. “Soft robots might also open up new approaches to improving wellness and quality of life.”
12．What's the special feature of “Octobot”？
A．It's soft.
B．It's made of metal.
C．It's very small.
D．It looks like an octopus.
13．What's the disadvantage of traditional robots?
A．They're hard to control.
B．They're too heavy to move.
C．They can't predict conditions.
D．They can't behave well all the time.
14．One of the biggest challenges is to build Octobot's ________.
A．silicone body
B．complex components
C．precise movements
D．flexible power source
15．What's the possible application of “Octobot”？
A．Medical research.　　 B．Life rescue.
C．Machine operation.　　 D．House cleaning.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇科普类说明文， 文章主要介绍了章鱼机器人的优点和投入应用的可能性。
12．A　细节理解题。根据第一段中的“…robots have been hard, made of metal”以及段尾“…has managed to build an entirely soft robot — one that draws inspiration from an octopus.”的对比发现可知， Octobot机器人特点是它很柔软。
13．D　推理判断题。根据第三段第一句“Robots built for precise, repetitive movements in a controlled environment don't do so well on rough terrains or in unpredictable conditions.”以及本段内容可知， 传统机器人无法在崎岖的地形上很好地运行， 此外， 由于沉重的金属部件， 传统机器人可能会对人体产生伤害， 据此可推断出， 传统机器人的缺点是他们不能一直表现得很好。
14．D　细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“Even if engineers build a silicone body, it's still a grand challenge to construct flexible versions of essential parts, such as a source of power.”可知， 即使工程师利用硅酮制造出了软体机器人的身体， 但是制作柔韧性强的关键部件仍然面临巨大的挑战， 比如动力来源。据此可知， 最大的挑战之一是柔韧性强的动力来源。
15．B　细节理解题。从文章最后一段“Although soft robotics is still in its early stage, it holds great promise for several applications, such as search­rescue operations and exploration…”可知， 尽管对软体机器人的开发和研究还处于早期阶段， 但它适用于诸如搜索救援和探索等任务。
第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分， 满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文， 从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
How to start a conversation with someone you don't know
Introduce yourself
It's not necessary to be clever when you introduce yourself. Simply focus on being genuine and sincere. When you approach the other person to start the conversation, give him a warm smile and clearly state your name.__16__ Remember to speak at a regular pace, taking care not to speak too quickly or slowly, so that the other person will have no difficulty understanding you.
Begin the conversation
__17__ A comment about the weather or a current event may be most appropriate. Avoid beginning the conversation with anything too personal, as this may make the other person feel uncomfortable to continue the conversation. After you make your opening comments, give the person enough time to respond. Show a sincere interest in the thoughts she expresses about the subject.
Continue the conversation
If you are building a rapport(关系), feel free to move on to a bit more personal topics to continue the conversation. __18__ Open­ended questions — those that can't be answered by a simple “yes” or “no” — help to keep a conversation going.
__19__
When you have run out of things to say or need to move on to do something else, prepare your exit strategy. You may say that you need to use the bathroom or catch up with someone else. Let the other person know how much you enjoyed talking to her.__20__
A．End the Conversation.
B．Bring up a general topic to begin the conversation.
C．This will help keep the conversation flowing freely.
D．If appropriate, make plans to talk again at a later date.
E．Your conversational partner will feel valued and appreciated.
F．Explain who you are and why you want to have the conversation.
G．You may want to ask about his favorite hobby, his career, his classes or upcoming events.
【语篇解读】 本文主要介绍了和陌生人交谈的技巧。如： 介绍自己； 开始交谈； 继续交谈和结束交谈等。
16．F　本部分的小标题为“介绍自己”。根据前面的“说清楚你的名字”可知， F项“解释你是谁， 为什么想交谈”符合语境。
17．B　本部分的小标题是“开始交谈”。和陌生人交谈需要有合适的话题， B项“提出一个一般话题来开始交谈”与上文语意相符。
18．G　根据上文的“私人的话题”可知， G项中的“爱好、职业、课程和即将到来的事件”可承接上文。
19．A　根据前面的“开始交谈；继续交谈”可知， 此处应为“结束谈话”， 所以选A项。
20．D　本部分主要介绍如何结束交谈。D项“如果合适的话， 计划稍后再谈”符合语意。
第二部分　语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文， 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
I had driven home to celebrate my 38th birthday with my mother. When I arrived, I found her sitting proudly at the kitchen table, a chocolate cake and two boxes wrapped in orange ribbon (丝带) in front of her. “Happy birthday！” she said, __21__ at the boxes. “Open them.”
As she knows me__22__ than anyone, she'd gotten me exactly what I wanted — running clothes. I hugged her and thanked her and proceeded (接着) to eat the cake.
“Too many__23__， ”I said, not really caring.
“You'll run them off tomorrow, ”Mom said.
Many adult children with a parent suffering from__24__ memory will tell you there was one day that __25__ to them that their relationship with their mother or father would be forever changed.
For me that day__26__two weeks later, when I drove bac