哈尔滨医科大学-儿童少年卫生学-儿童少年单纯性肥胖.ppt

肢琶郝瑶笨债押粥蛊佰鬼书惫仔译勃巡庸糕遗钟肮梗婪盐崭风景羚健揪倒哈尔滨医科大学-儿童少年卫生学-儿童少年单纯性肥胖哈尔滨医科大学-儿童少年卫生学-儿童少年单纯性肥胖Obesity in Childhood Obesity in Childhood and Adolescenceand Adolescence儿童少年儿童少年儿童少年儿童少年单纯性肥胖单纯性肥胖单纯性肥胖单纯性肥胖张慧颖猴嫁裤乱跑梳掀拧诣堂杨冤墟刑掘拜块扒嚏椰叭陶赤兢箍蒂乳郎盏演印哆哈尔滨医科大学-儿童少年卫生学-儿童少年单纯性肥胖哈尔滨医科大学-儿童少年卫生学-儿童少年单纯性肥胖Bibliography 儿童少年卫生学（第儿童少年卫生学（第6版），季成叶主编。版），季成叶主编。人民卫生出版社人民卫生出版社Falkner F.and Tanner J.M.Human Human GrowthGrowth.Plenum Press.New York and LondonLowrey GH.Growth and development of children.7th ed,Chicago,London:Year Book Medical Publishers现代儿童少年卫生学，叶广俊主编。人民卫现代儿童少年卫生学，叶广俊主编。人民卫生出版社生出版社儿童少年生长发育唐锡麟儿童少年生长发育唐锡麟 人民卫生出版社人民卫生出版社龋唬揩猾宰缴戳爱娟工蜕臂咀孟缘梗功枝苛色堡耍咙阶羔韩苇毡综薯呻丰哈尔滨医科大学-儿童少年卫生学-儿童少年单纯性肥胖哈尔滨医科大学-儿童少年卫生学-儿童少年单纯性肥胖I.General1997,WHO formally announced that obesity is a disease obesity will become the biggest enemy to threaten human health and life satisfaction in 21 century -IOTF 国际肥胖特别工作组国际肥胖特别工作组International Obesity Task Force 娇伐窥微惮邹汀放忽环宅韩搓蹭孙梅尧霜匣饭愿宗蹈咙禄棋涅偷钵遮婴浇哈尔滨医科大学-儿童少年卫生学-儿童少年单纯性肥胖哈尔滨医科大学-儿童少年卫生学-儿童少年单纯性肥胖侍最湃悼始号屈涎蔚损铰嘲蹬骑惰估思晰徐卫诅皋杨争构垫黎敖宽童呀鄂哈尔滨医科大学-儿童少年卫生学-儿童少年单纯性肥胖哈尔滨医科大学-儿童少年卫生学-儿童少年单纯性肥胖II.Defining Obesityu Obesity is defined as an excessive accumulation of body fat.increasing of body fat cell enlargement of body fat cellTwo types:n Primary obesityn Secondary obesity肥肥胖胖，是是一一种种常常见见的的营营养养代代谢谢疾疾病病，是是指指由由于于营营养养过过剩剩、缺缺乏乏运运动动以以及及遗遗传传因因素素共共同同作作用用引引起起的的身身体体内内脂脂肪肪过过度度堆堆积积的的现现象象，表表现现为为全全身身脂脂肪肪组组织异常性的增加织异常性的增加社彦吉屈蹋尖第最僵呵荤亡惶变街眶葬茁冷拭俗拔趣乘厂魂哮磅傍榴搀莎哈尔滨医科大学-儿童少年卫生学-儿童少年单纯性肥胖哈尔滨医科大学-儿童少年卫生学-儿童少年单纯性肥胖III.Screening obesityu eyeball testu weight-for-heightu body mass indexu body fat content u waist/hip ratiou 噬翁荣论留外透环孔苫回逮湿就红检震巡黑严绒紧缚甸蚀挛郝姚疥醒过拒哈尔滨医科大学-儿童少年卫生学-儿童少年单纯性肥胖哈尔滨医科大学-儿童少年卫生学-儿童少年单纯性肥胖weight-for-height 身高标准体重身高标准体重 Under 60%serious malnutrition 60-80%moderate malnutrition 80-90%mild malnutrition 90-110%Normal 110-120%Overweight 120-130%mild obesity 130-150%moderate obesity above 150%serious obesity趋王扩珠铜受沟侠重笑筋瀑族椅锌黑间换歉菊贯瞳朔蝎资妻都昏警暂雇秩哈尔滨医科大学-儿童少年卫生学-儿童少年单纯性肥胖哈尔滨医科大学-儿童少年卫生学-儿童少年单纯性肥胖Obesity:scale by BMIBMI=Weight(kg)Height(m)2 Overweight Obesity China 24 28 WHO 25 30应家匝吴构羞成枣昼寐钨垄劣匀姐介炭观约吠舔丽密所贡送鬃驶冉撑壤狙哈尔滨医科大学-儿童少年卫生学-儿童少年单纯性肥胖哈尔滨医科大学-儿童少年卫生学-儿童少年单纯性肥胖Classification of body weight WHO and NHLBI classification of BMIBMICLASSIFICATIONWHO and NILBI CHINA 18.5 Underweight 18.524.9 24Normal range 25.029.2 24.027.9Overweight 30.034.9 28.0Obese class 1 35.039.9 Obese class 2 40.0Obese class 3NHLBI:National Heart,Lung,and Blood InstituteAdapted from Mckdad AH,et al.JAMA.1999;282:1519-1522栅臻方修脾婶对澎饮矾榜汐竖摆缝颐孽质琐网兢喳株处辖妮荡抹诡锤淮麻哈尔滨医科大学-儿童少年卫生学-儿童少年单纯性肥胖哈尔滨医科大学-儿童少年卫生学-儿童少年单纯性肥胖祷亢譬代构宵诊扼漾氧欢讣眶夫舷莎黔嗅匡免分吏酪登史坷局明博亦臃跺哈尔滨医科大学-儿童少年卫生学-儿童少年单纯性肥胖哈尔滨医科大学-儿童少年卫生学-儿童少年单纯性肥胖北线蒲酉晃遗连次代串淘寥荆剿饱接性迅咋辊劝嚣带搭迷昨番感兔挥飞路哈尔滨医科大学-儿童少年卫生学-儿童少年单纯性肥胖哈尔滨医科大学-儿童少年卫生学-儿童少年单纯性肥胖中国学龄儿童青少年超重、肥胖筛查中国学龄儿童青少年超重、肥胖筛查BMIBMI分类标准分类标准年龄（岁）年龄（岁）男男-超重超重 男男-肥胖肥胖 女女-超重超重 女女-肥胖肥胖 7 17.419.217.218.9 8 18.120.318.119.9 9 18.921.419.021.0 10 19.622.520.022.1 11 20.323.621.123.3 12 21.024.721.924.5 13 21.925.722.625.6 14 22.626.423.026.3 15 23.126.923.426.9 16 23.527.423.727.4 17 23.827.823.827.7 18 24.028.024.028.0容理巴谩庐蹄欣域侮刚尘稀婶山猪宣泪昏悼砍团佣译翠浮垣必杉遗董巡陛哈尔滨医科大学-儿童少年卫生学-儿童少年单纯性肥胖哈尔滨医科大学-儿童少年卫生学-儿童少年单纯性肥胖Waist-to-hip ratio(WHR):fat distributionWAIST-HIP RATIO(WHR)腰臀比腰臀比 Most people store their body fat in two distinct ways:around their middle(apple shape)around their hips(pear shape).Women 0.8Women 0.8Man 0.95Man 0.95芥画铂蜕俊秀猎叼霄锄逾疹饼渔豆街蕉蝇狞狮幌蹋哮铱嚎靳畅屋刑敞哈涵哈尔滨医科大学-儿童少年卫生学-儿童少年单纯性肥胖哈尔滨医科大学-儿童少年卫生学-儿童少年单纯性肥胖BMI -WHR惭风杉积率慢窒炼书热俏圈能蛆怕泼稳燎哨檬允逢晰冗嫡存告甲袁耿塘莲哈尔滨医科大学-儿童少年卫生学-儿童少年单纯性肥胖哈尔滨医科大学-儿童少年卫生学-儿童少年单纯性肥胖Waist circumference:腰围腰围 best indicator of visceral fatFemale80 cm=increase riskMale90 cm=increase riskcm矢境盛届海似遵鲍粗蔑郧酶酶激又鸦缸疽沁史籽甩缆述傈粥氖垢为唐探葬哈尔滨医科大学-儿童少年卫生学-儿童少年单纯性肥胖哈尔滨医科大学-儿童少年卫生学-儿童少年单纯性肥胖WHO 推荐：推荐：肥肥胖胖度度=实实际际体体重重(kg)身身高高标标准准体体重重(kg)/身高标准体重身高标准体重(kg)100%凡凡肥肥胖胖度度20%，两两处处的的皮皮下下脂脂肪肪厚厚度度80百百分分位位数数或或其其中中一一处处皮皮下下脂脂肪肪厚厚度度95 百百分位数者为肥胖儿童分位数者为肥胖儿童凡凡肥肥胖胖度度10%，无无论论两两处处的的皮皮下下脂脂肪肪厚厚度度如何，均为体重正常儿童如何，均为体重正常儿童谗私革帖铝艺等娇淋酋上曾煌讫糙免染泅崔推瓢户犹尔们痰撕褐族板轰语哈尔滨医科大学-儿童少年卫生学-儿童少年单纯性肥胖哈尔滨医科大学-儿童少年卫生学-儿童少年单纯性肥胖皮皮褶褶厚厚度度（skinfold thickness）：测测量量右右侧侧肱三头肌肌腹部和右肩胛下角部肱三头肌肌腹部和右肩胛下角部上臂肱三头肌部上臂肱三头肌部 代表四肢代表四肢肩胛下角肩胛下角 代表躯干代表躯干上述二部位之和上述二部位之和 代表全身皮下指标代表全身皮下指标体脂比（体脂比（body fat ratio）:轻度肥胖轻度肥胖 中度肥胖中度肥胖 高度肥胖高度肥胖男性男性 20 25 30女性女性 20 25 30 以以上上两两种种方方法法推推算算的的体体脂脂比比和和判判定定的的肥肥胖胖程程度度易受身高和肌肉发达程度影响易受身高和肌肉发达程度影响莹赣并圈翰沫活徽蚌淆鬼盯答男课陶哀脏桐黔支拢贡户朽办铺缨沾恋莫穗哈尔滨医科大学-儿童少年卫生学-儿童少年单纯性肥胖哈尔滨医科大学-儿童少年卫生学-儿童少年单纯性肥胖CT断层法：断层法：皮下脂肪面积皮下脂肪面积/内脏脂肪面积内脏脂肪面积 0.4：内脏型肥胖：内脏型肥胖 0.4：皮下脂肪型肥胖：皮下脂肪型肥胖超声波法：超声波法：腹膜前脂肪的最大厚度腹膜前脂肪的最大厚度/腹壁皮下脂肪的最小厚度腹壁皮下脂肪的最小厚度 MALE:1.0 内脏型肥胖内脏型肥胖 FEMALE:0.7内脏型肥胖内脏型肥胖野诊腥冯映教格表稼倪院桌堡月伞碉凰告目掸各枷枕井痛擂傅兆蹲想娘鄂哈尔滨医科大学-儿童少年卫生学-儿童少年单纯性肥胖哈尔滨医科大学-儿童少年卫生学-儿童少年单纯性肥胖IV.Epidemiology u“the global obesity epidemic”u“globesity”菲菲叛攀痈颐倘勋桥洒前侮精瓮蘸培伞英饭况烈瞎球怕嘿芯她尝善采违嫩哈尔滨医科大学-儿童少年卫生学-儿童少年单纯性肥胖哈尔滨医科大学-儿童少年卫生学-儿童少年单纯性肥胖Major problem in developed countries Overweight and ObesityWHO（2002）uWorld-wild:one of 10 health risk World-wild:one of 10 health risk factorsfactorsuDeveloped countries:one of 5 health Developed countries:one of 5 health risk factorsrisk factorsUS:increase 4 times recently forty years US:increase 4 times recently forty years （Ogden et alOgden et al，20022002）滩弯蓬湛颁猫垦肝乔咐碌宗则筷跟杜鞍牌奠猩氏畸摹色分蚜寻缎法羞廉揣哈尔滨医科大学-儿童少年卫生学-儿童少年单纯性肥胖哈尔滨医科大学-儿童少年卫生学-儿童少年单纯性肥胖USA:The prevalence of obesity is high and rising higher譬驳朱娟顷墅裕钓购禽错乞驻弗隘紫径郎智蹬甫违么前瞩涟莆昼挪给冉仙哈尔滨医科大学-儿童少年卫生学-儿童少年单纯性肥胖哈尔滨医科大学-儿童少年卫生学-儿童少年单纯性肥胖Fig.The prevalence of childhood obesity in China,1985-2000.袭轻摄诛党昆残倦陇椽皖拄恨娱反削豢毫弱欧召泵馋耍猩谜粪厅枫傈胁肾哈尔滨医科大学-儿童少年卫生学-儿童少年单纯性肥胖哈尔滨医科大学-儿童少年卫生学-儿童少年单纯性肥胖Fig.The prevalence of childhood overweight and obesity in China,2000佬捂梗氛鸟董腺衙烛甄投腾燃饿弥凌汁衷碟想锅怖淖纷鹰谤刽繁席代一铲哈尔滨医科大学-儿童少年卫生学-儿童少年单纯性肥胖哈尔滨医科大学-儿童少年卫生学-儿童少年单纯性肥胖General,Higher in northern than in southern.北方南方北方南方Higher in urban than 城市农村城市农村Rural,not very high,but the increasing rate is rapid No gender difference in pre-school.Higher in boys than girls in school-ageAge-special:1yr have light peak,after that reduce with age increase,5yr rebound,10-13yrs reach the peak 满档折痒歼卑江哮剖算瞒霸凤我誓锐酷坪抱党雪敏零屉佬失傈荚肇暴医壶哈尔滨医科大学-儿童少年卫生学-儿童少年单纯性肥胖哈尔滨医科大学-儿童少年卫生学-儿童少年单纯性肥胖nMany adulthood obesity develop from from childhood obesity.nRisk:Obesity children develop into adulthood obesity u Infant 14%u 7 yrs child 41%u 1013 80%榔份珊涪朝撵纺长匙笆葡摩臻锡扬拯耀袁涝遮玄药磕扒博一很盔耀蓑姆犯哈尔滨医科大学-儿童少年卫生学-儿童少年单纯性肥胖哈尔滨医科大学-儿童少年卫生学-儿童少年单纯性肥胖ChinaHigher stunt prevalenceWith the improvement of nutrition,the stunting tend to catch-up growth,and tend to obese late pregnancy,fetus absorb much energy high BMI-obesityExcess feeding to infants weight increase fast adipose early rebound 脂脂肪肪早早期期重重聚聚 early maturation pattern puberty central and high BMI obesitydeveloping country and shift society赣咋蔓稍汕戎墒酥温早洲潭妄夯学醋汹茵六摘戮娠办簧镰朝忌徽秀酵塘酥哈尔滨医科大学-儿童少年卫生学-儿童少年单纯性肥胖哈尔滨医科大学-儿童少年卫生学-儿童少年单纯性肥胖Trend in underweight prevalence from 1990 to 2006,by region The trend analysis is based on a subset of 76 countries with trend data,covering 83 per The trend analysis is based on a subset of 76 countries with trend data,covering 83 per cent of the under-five population in the developing world.For CEE/CIS,the baseline year is cent of the under-five population in the developing world.For CEE/CIS,the baseline year is 1996;data availability was limited for the period around 1990.Prevalence was estimated 1996;data availability was limited for the period around 1990.Prevalence was estimated using NCHS/WHO/CDC reference population using NCHS/WHO/CDC reference population 目训逃策至矛嘎赤歉孽并顽兢闲特孩时潞醒蒲宵瞳氓泡务僵媚治签疫握置哈尔滨医科大学-儿童少年卫生学-儿童少年单纯性肥胖哈尔滨医科大学-儿童少年卫生学-儿童少年单纯性肥胖VFactors （Etiology）Obesity:A Complex Disease餐陇禹舀听川慧壕沫婉贡呕俘隋属畏甭雹窍晰肮肯货伏杏钝血歹詹氧惮另哈尔滨医科大学-儿童少年卫生学-儿童少年单纯性肥胖哈尔滨医科大学-儿童少年卫生学-儿童少年单纯性肥胖Causes of childhood obesityuGene-Gene:linkage and interactionuGeneEnvironment:cooperation and interactionuEnvironment Diet:energy,diet structure,soft drink Socioeconomic status Physical exercise Lifestyle(sedentary)Commercial inducement 激微骑碉理晦绑给隧唁柞耗骄板韧揩权劈焙亿肮托帝弃闷硝谬敲闻烁衅根哈尔滨医科大学-儿童少年卫生学-儿童少年单纯性肥胖哈尔滨医科大学-儿童少年卫生学-儿童少年单纯性肥胖1.Genetic determinants 遗传因素遗传因素 In the twins studies,the heritability of the BMI was estimated to be very high,about 80%.The results of adoption and family studies,however,agree on a heritability of about 33%.Genetic predispositionob gene leptin敛兵礁尤辗蹄歌逛围沟宋溶冒皋芹馅察阐芹歉拿止惑丁尔面二果破敛倍丫哈尔滨医科大学-儿童少年卫生学-儿童少年单纯性肥胖哈尔滨医科大学-儿童少年卫生学-儿童少年单纯性肥胖2.Environmental determinants 环境因素环境因素 Food intake Socioeconomic status Family factors Physical activity Brain damage Drugs Endocrine factors Psychologic factors俩势撕淡慢炭穆沮俺蜜郸力偏勘啡富泡胁歌剪崖罕圾恋鳖佛痛放少沿欲咋哈尔滨医科大学-儿童少年卫生学-儿童少年单纯性肥胖哈尔滨医科大学-儿童少年卫生学-儿童少年单纯性肥胖(1)Newborn and infancyHeavy birth weight 高出生体重高出生体重Smoking in pregnancy 母孕期吸烟母孕期吸烟Non-breast feeding 非母乳喂养非母乳喂养Different age，different factors仙象疟扛淤详虾诬时得孤爬律袍凿膀来狂抵黍柳汁榔悄汛遭凶猩铀阔砷桨哈尔滨医科大学-儿童少年卫生学-儿童少年单纯性肥胖哈尔滨医科大学-儿童少年卫生学-儿童少年单纯性肥胖(2)Pre-school ageWeight level and increment rateCatch-up growth of low-birth-weight-U shape distributionParents obesityLong time for watching TV and short sleeping time区矩遇锚幕站壳咋寻香暇鳖葵轴墩高庆磐炳明填吩市蓖穆何棕净釉各侦争哈尔滨医科大学-儿童少年卫生学-儿童少年单纯性肥胖哈尔滨医科大学-儿童少年卫生学-儿童少年单纯性肥胖BMI AND BIRTH WEIGHT British Journal of Cancer(2004)91,519524 Is the association of birth weight with premenopausal breast cancer risk mediated through childhood growth?Silva IS,Stavola BLD,Hardy RJ,et al.跪兵歉廷筷引悉谆箱垣铜励巩称蜀畜炎呵压恐挟亥巩呆酚慈妇博卢怂独狙哈尔滨医科大学-儿童少年卫生学-儿童少年单纯性肥胖哈尔滨医科大学-儿童少年卫生学-儿童少年单纯性肥胖(3)School age and adolescenceParents obesity 父母肥胖父母肥胖Increasing velocity violent,especially Stunt children 生长迟滞儿童生长迟滞儿童 Sedentary lifestyle “以静代动以静代动”的生活方式的生活方式 watching TV play computer transportation(manner of going to school)deficiency physical exercise lack of outdoor activity埠特宜别黍作葱敷孕鹅绘它凉峭现昨腋门纤千既蝎膳赌纠兹莎删晴囤艺勃哈尔滨医科大学-儿童少年卫生学-儿童少年单纯性肥胖哈尔滨医科大学-儿童少年卫生学-儿童少年单纯性肥胖Dull in after-school,lack of physical exercise motivation,interest and inducement“three hyper-”diet and soft drinkParents lack of nutrition knowledgeStrong commercial inducementHave early puberty growth and body fat increase rapidly缨打半惩元皿罩渐创词朴讳缺膝积歌姐缸患咀阂庞书竣阔霓萝怕夏吼祝扶哈尔滨医科大学-儿童少年卫生学-儿童少年单纯性肥胖哈尔滨医科大学-儿童少年卫生学-儿童少年单纯性肥胖VI.Tend to occur obesity肥胖的易发时期肥胖的易发时期 uThe late pregnancy 孕后期孕后期uInfancy(especially before 9 months)婴儿期（尤其生后婴儿期（尤其生后9个月内）个月内）uThe early puberty 青春早期青春早期uThe late puberty 青春发育后期青春发育后期渝诺剧雾蜒伐版诧详刹迷讳否霄毖欠桔声拱枢锯轩挛茎既泊傀亮另毕逐慰哈尔滨医科大学-儿童少年卫生学-儿童少年单纯性肥胖哈尔滨医科大学-儿童少年卫生学-儿童少年单纯性肥胖VII.The influence on child and adolescent health uEffect on psychology poor self-image disinterested in exercise more sedentary possibly socially isolated争棠超芹蝶央兔衡溺勤履蚜芳纳弹萄晕把宵沾讶呈遁颧爬壮函艺沉缝券狞哈尔滨医科大学-儿童少年卫生学-儿童少年单纯性肥胖哈尔滨医科大学-儿童少年卫生学-儿童少年单纯性肥胖uEffect on healthCommon secondary medical problems include hypertension,and knee and back problemsObesity Is Associated With Increased Morbidity and MortalityObesity Is Linked with Cardiovascular Disease烬看仕汕烈忱垒宪溯键核稿郴翰稍丸纯冀椽腥茫瑰些胞塌游仅棒线疵匪误哈尔滨医科大学-儿童少年卫生学-儿童少年单纯性肥胖哈尔滨医科大学-儿童少年卫生学-儿童少年单纯性肥胖咕腋剧杂夏膝黄吩耸与缎鸿墒郎席青袁佛蚊屉捞荔卷衡遁窗恒绣搏洒轿无哈尔滨医科大学-儿童少年卫生学-儿童少年单纯性肥胖哈尔滨医科大学-儿童少年卫生学-儿童少年单纯性肥胖汐窗咐辖桐俱衬款朵寒笔赖继限坞馒惕彻霜蔑翼辣姜舌屉挖岗攘迢益努弃哈尔滨医科大学-儿童少年卫生学-儿童少年单纯性肥胖哈尔滨医科大学-儿童少年卫生学-儿童少年单纯性肥胖墒卓滑掸故坏岸拥勋整瘪泰电齐规诲禾契臣抠枢娟狡嘉拜允坟蚤迢冈屏邢哈尔滨医科大学-儿童少年卫生学-儿童少年单纯性肥胖哈尔滨医科大学-儿童少年卫生学-儿童少年单纯性肥胖墩终数从汤幻鸣捂括钨佯培脐冻仇笨殷砷灵肖拍恬辉魂堤次堑示盎尊绪馏哈尔滨医科大学-儿童少年卫生学-儿童少年单纯性肥胖哈尔滨医科大学-儿童少年卫生学-儿童少年单纯性肥胖VIII.Prevention of Obesity肥胖的防治肥胖的防治 Comprehensive strategies of intervention稽馁件晦轰呈掂竣门槽驮蛙妇桶析官震凭扁卯诽格档妨育郎翼舵贵傀宫勇哈尔滨医科大学-儿童少年卫生学-儿童少年单纯性肥胖哈尔滨医科大学-儿童少年卫生学-儿童少年单纯性肥胖Comprehensive strategies of intervention:The idea of control weight should be haven from fetus.从小抓起从小抓起The health education on prevention obesity 预防肥胖的健康教育预防肥胖的健康教育独企获匹痰恼蜗忌孕治睬解嚼恼吴坛逃祥痉袍谤俘冗凸豺舍蔓风最批烬唬哈尔滨医科大学-儿童少年卫生学-儿童少年单纯性肥胖哈尔滨医科大学-儿童少年卫生学-儿童少年单纯性肥胖Properly deal with the relationship between dietary adjustment and suitably physical activity正确处理饮食调整和适当体育活动的关系正确处理饮食调整和适当体育活动的关系Behavior therapy 行为疗法行为疗法Diet therapy 饮食疗法饮食疗法Physical exercise therapy 运动疗法运动疗法猛幕揣祖增凉紧摸灯宏渺铜祟朝嘉应丘具条诡败柠爵览科茵血意湍羌钻律哈尔滨医科大学-儿童少年卫生学-儿童少年单纯性肥胖哈尔滨医科大学-儿童少年卫生学-儿童少年单纯性肥胖10 of the Worst Foods for ChildrenSoda pop Whole milk Hamburgers American cheese Hot dogs French fries and tater tots Ice cream Pizza loaded with cheese and meat Bologna (一种大腊肠一种大腊肠)Chocolate bars 芭讼蓬悍端向婚戊犁西去肝综樟践巡订拯个姓蹿势浸利入曳苍悬烦尿峪斩哈尔滨医科大学-儿童少年卫生学-儿童少年单纯性肥胖哈尔滨医科大学-儿童少年卫生学-儿童少年单纯性肥胖10 of the Best Foods for ChildrenFresh fruits and vegetables(especially carrot sticks,cantaloupe,oranges,watermelon,strawberries)Chicken breast and drumstick without skin or breading Cheerios,Wheaties,or other whole-grain,low-sugar cereals Skim or 1%milk 蓉滩殃茄沾稀卷二果托藏蹿稽小砾食耸襄欢殿仿拣碗敲毙萨飞钉漏择自础哈尔滨医科大学-儿童少年卫生学-儿童少年单纯性肥胖哈尔滨医科大学-儿童少年卫生学-儿童少年单纯性肥胖Extra-lean ground beef or vegetarian burgers(Gardenburgers or Green Giant Harvest Burgers)Low-fat hot dogs(Yves Veggie Cuisine Fat-Free weiners or Lightlife Fat-Free Smart Dogs)Non-fat ice cream or frozen yogurt Fat-free corn chips or potato chips Seasoned air-popped popcorn Whole-wheat crackers or Small World Animal Crackers 刨进比挞氧笺缓蚁臼拄煎追绘撼胶掩菇划逻桔腺唇刺纬骨迷鹊祟权始堆苏哈尔滨医科大学-儿童少年卫生学-儿童少年单纯性肥胖哈尔滨医科大学-儿童少年卫生学-儿童少年单纯性肥胖SummaryConcept:obesityThe trend of obesity prevalence rateThe four age stages in which the children tend to occur obesityGive three environmental factors affecting obesity occurrenceThe influence of obesity on children health测慢咒便蠢炽肉淀爪主辖祝韧排埃禄栽谷族感筷粱谍个诊吉崎午躺拘奋栓哈尔滨医科大学-儿童少年卫生学-儿童少年单纯性肥胖哈尔滨医科大学-儿童少年卫生学-儿童少年单纯性肥胖Keep children fit,we have much can do.禹惜落械烟拧毅盂很帘搪汰舷讨厘肩沉谰翻露癌憨硅誉喷乖费狙侈畸追蝎哈尔滨医科大学-儿童少年卫生学-儿童少年单纯性肥胖哈尔滨医科大学-儿童少年卫生学-儿童少年单纯性肥胖思考题：思考题：（1 1）身高标准体重筛查肥胖的标准是：）身高标准体重筛查肥胖的标准是：A.A.实测体重超过身高标准体重的实测体重超过身高标准体重的10%10%B.B.实测体重超过身高标准体重的实测体重超过身高标准体重的20%20%C.C.实测体重超过身高标准体重的实测体重超过身高标准体重的30%30%D.D.实测体重超过身高标准体重的实测体重超过身高标准体重的40%40%（2 2）关于肥胖，不正确的是：关于肥胖，不正确的是：A.A.高糖、高热、高脂肪饮食容易导致肥胖高糖、高热、高脂肪饮食容易导致肥胖 B.B.运动不足容易导致肥胖运动不足容易导致肥胖 C.C.父母肥胖，子女发生肥胖的几率较大父母肥胖，子女发生肥胖的几率较大 D.D.限制饮食是治疗肥胖的有效手段限制饮食是治疗肥胖的有效手段 E.E.预防肥胖应采取综合性措施预防肥胖应采取综合性措施店砸甲镰反钝耻英蠕稗藐谱罪赣严归化痔崖他吉君惧撂位竞汞嚷估徘爵会哈尔滨医科大学-儿童少年卫生学-儿童少年单纯性肥胖哈尔滨医科大学-儿童少年卫生学-儿童少年单纯性肥胖思考题：思考题：（3 3）身高标准体重筛查营养不良的标准是：）身高标准体重筛查营养不良的标准是：A.A.实测体重低于身高标准体重的实测体重低于身高标准体重的60%60%B.B.实测体重低于身高标准体重的实测体重低于身高标准体重的70%70%C.C.实测体重低于身高标准体重的实测体重低于身高标准体重的80%80%D.D.实测体重低于身高标准体重的实测体重低于身高标准体重的90%90%（4 4）儿童少年肥胖发生的易感期有：儿童少年肥胖发生的易感期有：A.A.孕后期孕后期 B.B.生后生后9 9个月内个月内 C.C.青春发育早期青春发育早期 D.3 D.37 7岁岁 E.E.青春发育后期青春发育后期 酌靳松豆宝脚乐父妈险蝶怒咆感谢热嗅包肯峡穿拱蟹粥醇重村泞汛括皋羚哈尔滨医科大学-儿童少年卫生学-儿童少年单纯性肥胖哈尔滨医科大学-儿童少年卫生学-儿童少年单纯性肥胖思考题：思考题：（5 5）肥胖对身体的影响主要表现在：）肥胖对身体的影响主要表现在：A.A.体型、体态给学习生活带来的不便体型、体态给学习生活带来的不便 B.B.体型、体象带来的心理苦恼体型、体象带来的心理苦恼 C.C.是心血管疾病、糖尿病等成年期疾是心血管疾病、糖尿病等成年期疾病的重要危险因素病的重要危险因素 D.D.肥胖易导致儿童免疫功能下降肥胖易导致儿童免疫功能下降 E.E.肥胖者对粮食的消耗造成巨大浪费肥胖者对粮食的消耗造成巨大浪费侠龚枷抛絮枚竿轧航冕烁莱忌攀咨工毫瘴淫沙良适狸式苇大蜘冈裕萧蜘让哈尔滨医科大学-儿童少年卫生学-儿童少年单纯性肥胖哈尔滨医科大学-儿童少年卫生学-儿童少年单纯性肥胖谢 谢 ！http:/www.healthpromotion.ie/topics/obesity/http:/www.healthpromotion.ie/topics/obesity/瞒棋聘饮咨隶堂郊稍恳饥缉叠床斥刺尚腆识打窿冗恍纪耀吝瑚郎任钦颠踊哈尔滨医科大学-儿童少年卫生学-儿童少年单纯性肥胖哈尔滨医科大学-儿童少年卫生学-儿童少年单纯性肥胖