外研新版高中英语必修二知识点最总结-短语短语-语法.doc

必修二Module 1
重点词组：
1. be crazy about / like crazy / drive sb. crazy 2. be on diet / go on diet节食
3. be connected with / connect with / connect to/ in connection with/ have no / some connection with
4. begin / start with以…开始 5. lose weight / put on weight
6. take exercise= exercise 7. lie down 躺下
8. take turns to do / at doing sth./in turn/by t urns 9. put…into…将…投入…
11. keep…away使离开 12. have a sweet tooth好吃甜食
15. or anything / anything but / if anything或者怎么的/绝不/若要说
16. be anxious for / be eager for / be thirsty for渴望be anxious/worried about / be anxious to do 担忧
17. a bit (of) / a little / not a bit=not…at all / not a little=very much
19. contribute (…) to (doing) sth./ make contributions / a contribution to (doing) sth.
20. breath in (out) / out of breath / hold one’s breath/ catch one’s breath/breathe deeply(踹口气)
21. in need (of) / meet (satisfy) one’s need(s) 22. pick up / pick out
23. imagine (sb./ sb.’s) doing sth. / beyond imagination
24. the problem (matter / wrong) with…/ have problems with……的问题/有…的问题
25. result in / result from / as a result / as a result of 26. make a prediction
27. have a temperature/fever 发烧 28. take in
29. head towards/to/for…朝……前进 30 miss school 缺课
31 return to normal/ above normal/ below normal恢复正常/超过正常标准/低于正常标准
32 be off work/be out of work// be at work不工作，休息/失业在上班
33 a free health care system/免费医疗体系 34. kind of 稍微
35. at least / not in the least (= not at all, not a bit) 36. pay off还清
知识要点:
1. See/hear+宾语+ doing (正在做) / do (全过程) / done (被动)
2. fit adj: 健康的 keep fit; 合适的 be fit for/ to do
V: 适合，合身(大小, 形状) fit in
Suit 适合(颜色, 款式, 时间)
3. would rather do sth 宁愿做
would rather that主+ did sth. 宁愿某人做某事（过去时表示现在和将来的情况）
would rather that主+ had done宁愿某人做某事(过去完成时表示过去情况)
4. as ①当…时候 ②由于 ③随着 As time goes on ④按照do as (you are) told
⑤正如As you can see/ As we all know/ As is known to us.
5. rarely, hardly, scarcely, seldom, not , never, little等位于句首, 句子使用部分倒装语序.
6. 句型: The reason why / for which … is that…: 那就是…的原因, 那是因为…(接原因)
This / That / It is because…/ That + 从句 + is because: 那是因为…(接原因)
This / That / It is why…: 那是因为…(接结果)
7. 辨析: injure(伤害), would（伤口，伤害）, hurt（精神受伤） & cut（割伤）
8. Pay 的用法
Pay (sb.) money for sth /pay for sth.付款买sth/pay for sb.替某人付款 pay sb.付钱给某人
=sb. spend money on sth/in doing sth/ sth cost (sb.) money
9. sure 的用法
1). Make sure that 主语+do(时态)
when you leave the office, make sure that the lights are tured off.
2). Make sure of/ about确保，弄清楚
You’d better make sure of the time and place for the meeting.
3). Be sure of/ about有把握, 肯定he is sure of his success.=he is sure that he will succeed
4). Be sure to do肯定会，务必 Be sure to come on time.
10. way构成的短语: by the way, by way of, in the way, in a way, in no way, make one’s way, find one’s way, fight one’s way, feel one’s way, push one’s way, shoulder one’s way, lose one’s way, clear the way, lead the way
11. 比较: till & until引导时间状语(从句)的用法（可转换成when或after引导的时间状语从句，但主句必须要用肯定形式） 如：
They didn’t get off until the train came to a complete stop.=they got off after the train…
He won’t come into the room until the teachers finish their work.= He will come into the room when the …
语法要点
1. 一般将来时
1)will do sth/ shall do sth单纯表示将来要发生的动作，不强调已经打算好。
Be going to do sth ①表示即将发生的或最近打算进行的事。②表示说话人根据已有的迹象判断将要发生的事情it is going to rain./ we are going to have a meeting today.
2)be to do sth表示安排、计划、决定、命令或注定要发生的事。
The boy is to go to school tomorrow./ the bridge is to be built next year.
3) be about to+ do 表示即将发生的动作，或已经打算马上要去做的动作，意为be ready to do sth. 后面一般不跟时间状语。I am about to leave.
4)go, come, start, move, sail, leave, arrive, stay表示位置转移的动词可用进行时表按计划即将要发生的动作。I’m leave for Beijing,
2. 不定式做定语的用法归纳
1）被修饰名词前有序数词、形容词最高级或the only, the last, the very, the next修饰时，常用不定式作后置定语。被修饰名词和不定式具有逻辑主谓关系。
Eg). John Smith is the only person to know the secret.
2) 表示抽象概念的名词，后面用动词不定式作定语，用语解释中心词的内容，如ability, way, ambition, anxiety, attempt, campaign, change, courage, decision, determination等。
Eg). She gave us the chance to go abroad.
3). 如不定式动词是不及物动词作定语时，其后须加一个适当的介词。如：
Have you got a chair to sit on? 你有椅子坐了吗？
3. 现在分词作状语, 可表 “时间, 原因, 伴随, 结果”; 注意与不定式表结果的比较.
4. 祈使句+并列连词(and, or, otherwise) +陈述句与条件状语从句转化（if, as long as, unless）
必修二Module 2
重点词组：
1. die from / die of / die down (away) / die for / die off / die out / be dying for
2. cause sb. / sth. to do 3.cause many deaths导致许多人死亡
4. relate…to / be related to 5. take sb. / sth. seriously
6. be addicted to (doing) sth. / addict oneself to 7. be serious about
8. in danger / in danger of… / out of danger 9. in pain / in trouble / in surprise
10. take / follow one’s advice / ask sb. for advice / give (sb.) advice on / refuse one’s advice
11. ban doing sth. / ban sb. from doing sth. /a ban on… 12. put up
13. in order to / so as to 14. leave school辍学
15. recognize sb. / sth. by /from sth. 16. beyond recognition
17. a couple of 18. make a list of
19. give up / give in / give away / give out / give off / give way to
20. make preparations for / in preparation 21. refer to / look up
22. have an effect / influence on / upon 23. recognize…as / be recognized as…
24. receive treatment / give sb. treatment / enjoy special treatment
25. on the basis of… / base…on (upon) / be based on24. belong to
26. disagree with… / disagree to… / disagree on 27. cure sb. of sth.
28. prepare for / prepare to do / prepare sb. for sth. (to do sth.) / be prepared for (to do) sth.
29.stop/ keep/prevent sb from doing 30. as follows
31. against the law 违法break the law 违法obey the law 守法
32. This is my treat .我请客treat sb. to sth.用某物款待某人 treat sb .as …把某人视为…
33.a heart attack 一次心脏病发作31.ask sb for money 向sb要钱
34.in public当众地/.the public 公众 35.increase to增加到/increase by… 增加了
36. reduce to 减少到/reduce by 减少了 37.I couldn’t agree more 我再同意不过了.
38. That’s a good point. 有道理To the point 切题No point (in) doing sth 做某事没有意义
39. participate in 参与 40. distract from 分心 41.by this time 到这时为止
知识要点
1. addict v./n瘾君子 a drug addict addition n. 沉迷，瘾
addictive/addicted adj.上瘾的 be addicted to 沉迷于
2. likely adj.可能的；有希望的；适合的 adv.或许， 可能
he is the likeliest candidate./He is the likeliest person for this job.
it is likely that=it is possible/ probable that
it/sb. is likely to do=it is possible/ probable (for sb.) to do
Not likely! 不可能！才不呢！（强调否认或拒绝）
3. too…to 太…而不能/ 前有never too…to，表示肯定: it is never too late to learn.活到老，学到老
（补充）：too…to结构中带有表示某种心情或描绘性的形容词或副词，如ready, eager, satisfied, kind, willing, easy, anxious等加动词不定式结合成一个不可分割的状态、态度、倾向或心情等，并且其后的不定式不是说明too的具体内容，而是修饰形容词，不定式就不再表示结果。如
Comrade Lei Feng was too ready to help others.雷锋同志乐于助人。
4. –ever
Whatever不管/无论什么，用法与what类似
引导状语从句：whatever (=no matter what)happens, you shouldn’t lost heart.
Whatever (=no matter what) great difficulty you meet, you shouldn’t give up
引导名词性从句：you should tell whatever happened./whatever he did is for you good.
注：引导名词性从句不能用no matter what, whichever, whoever同样用法
5. 辨析offer(sth. to sb./sb. sth.), supply(sth. to sb./sb with sth.) & provide(sth for sb./ sb. with sth.) 另: offer to do sth.主动提出
6. allow, permit, forbid, advise +doing sth./ sb. to do sth.
比较: allow (允许)& permit（许可，比较正式）
7. advise doing / advise sb. to do sth. / advise that (从句中谓语动词用<should>+动词原形构成的虚拟语气)suggest doing / suggest sb. (sb.’s) doing / suggest that (建议) (从句中谓语动词用<should>+动词原形构成的虚拟语气) / suggest that (暗示, 表明) (从句中谓语动词用陈述语气)
8. mind的不同词性和用法, 特别注意:
Do you mind if I do…? Would you mind if I did…?
in one’s mind / to one’s mind / change one’s mind / make up one’s mind / never mind
9. 辨析: affect(一般不好的影响/感染, have an effect on）, effect(come into effect/in effect) & influence(潜移默化的影响)
10. 辨析: know（知道，认识） & recognize(承认，意识到./认出，辨认出recognise….as/ tecognise…by/from通过…识别)
11. 比较: nearby（无比较级）, near, nearly（几乎，差不多）
12. against的不同含义: 反对; 靠着; 顶着; 迎着; 映衬
语法要点
1. 不定式和动名词作宾语及其不同含义
2. 不定式作状语的用法（表目的，结果，原因）
1)目的 to do/in order to/ so as to
2)结果 only to find(结果发现)/…enough to../ too...to/ so…as to/ such…as to
3)原因 在happy和glad后直接表原因 I am glad to see you again.
so…that 与 such…that引导的结果状语从句; so that引导结果状语从句和目的状语从句的区别
必修二Module 3
重点词组
1. take (make) a note (notes) of / take note of 2. change…into…
3. of all time e有史以来/ of the time 4. encourage sb. to do sth.
5. go deaf / blind/ mad (crazy) / hungry / bad 6. mix…with (and)…
7. be happy (satisfied, pleased, content) with 8. split up分裂，分割，离异/婚
9. be popular with / among 10. at an early age
11. have genius / gift / talent for a talented musician 12. work as
13. may (might) as well do / may well (很可能) 14. be similar to… / be similar in…
15. compare notes with sb.与某人交换意见 16. music instruments 乐器
17. a leading/top composer一个优秀的/首席作曲家 18. receive many prizes获得了许多奖
19. have a deep influence/effect on对……有深远的影响 20. No way! 没门， 不可能
21. impress sb. with sth. / impress…on (upon) / be impressed by (at, with) 22. at an early age
23. join…to… / join in / join sb. in (doing) sth / join together / join up 26. download music
27. lose interest in/get lost = lose one’s way/be lost in thought 限于沉思之中lose heart/
28 be composed of=consist of=be made up of 由… 组成 29. As time goes by/on 随着时间的流逝
30. make a record /录制唱片keep / hold a record保持记录set a record创记录 break a record打破记录
31. sb. is impressed with/by sth.某人对sth印象深刻sth. make a good impression on sb.某事给sb留下好印象
32 if so如果这样的话 / if not如果不是这样/ if any 如果有/ if possible如果有可能/ if necessary如果有必要
知识要点
1. audience的用法(联想: family, team, group, government等集合名词)
比较: voice, sound & noise
2. appear的用法和比较:appear, look & seem
3. 系动词的种类:
表状态: be, keep, remain, stay, seem, appear,
表感官: look, sound, taste, smell, feel
表变化: get, become, turn, grow, come, go, fall, run,
表结果: prove, turn out, work out
4. 比较句型:
a)It is / has been + 时间段 + since 从句(过去式的时间状语从句)
从句谓语为瞬间动词，正常翻译it’s ten years since I moved to this city.
从句谓语为延续性动词，否定翻译，不做…有多长时间了。It is nearly 5 years since I smocked
b)It was / will be + 时间段 + before从句：在…之前有一段时间it won’t be long before you understand it.
c)It was + 时间点 + when 从句：当…的时候时间是it was past one o’ clock when he came in.
d)It is / was + 被强调部分 + that /who …
语法要点
1. 时间状语从句when, while & as和过去完成时的用法
2.. 强调句型
① It is/was + 主语/宾语/状语 + that (who) + 句子其余部分
② 对“… not …until…”强调，用It is/was not until … that …
③对特殊疑问句的强调, 用 特殊疑问词+ is it that + 句子其余部分
Where did he see Li Ming yesterday? →Where was it that he saw Li Ming yesterday?
3. 当way 作先行词时，用that / in which / 不用 (引导定语从句)
4. By the time的用法
到…为止，主句一般用过去完成时。He had left by the time we reached home.
2)当…的时候，如果只说过去发生的状况，用过去时。By the time we arrived the meeting was over.
5. find/ make/ feel/ think/ believe/ consider + it + adj./n. + to do 结构
We believe it possible to change our life by learning.
6. 主语+ be + adj. + to do 结构
1). What he said is difficult to understand.
2). The book is easy to read.
3). Chair is comfortable to sit on.
7. do you think 作插入语的用法
你认为他们何时会得出结论？
When do you think they will come to a conclusion ?
你认为我会怎么处理这件事？
How do you think I can deal with this matter?
其他插入语：do you believe/ suppose/ imagine/ guess/ expect/ suggest
注意：do you suggest 所在的句子要用虚拟语气，即should+ do, should 可以省略
必修二Module 4
重点词组
1. be (get) tired of / be (get) tired with (from) 2. in …style (以……风格)
3. be crazy about sb. / sth. / like crazy / drive sb. crazy 4. be fond of / be into
5. fight (meet) one’s match / match against (with) 6. can’t stand
7. be adopted into… / be adopted from 8. start a(n)…movement
9. by nature / in nature 10. come true
11. put off / put on / put aside / put up with/put down 12. succeed in doing sth.
13.. beyond expression/imagine/description/ 14. develop an interest in
15. sth. occurs to sb. / It occurs to sb. that… 16.in reality / in fact / in effect / as a matter of fact
17. tell…from… / tell…apart把…区分开/tell by…从…可以看出 18. Don’t mention it. / not to mention
19. keep sb. alive / stray alive / come alive / bring…alive / be alive with
20. attempt to do / make an attempt to do (at doing) sth. / at the first attempt
21. make a promise (to do sth.) / carry out one’s promise / keep one’s promise / break one’s promise
22. in favor of / ask a favor / do sb. a favor (do a favor for sb.) / in sb.’s favor (in the favor of sb.
23. be delighted to do sth. / (much) to one’s delight / take delight in / be delighted with
24. behind the scene / set the scene for… / on the scene
25. prefer (doing) sth. / prefer (doing) sth. to (doing) sth. / prefer to do rather than do / prefer sb. to do sth. / prefer that + 主语 + (should) + v.
26. aim at (doing) sth. / aim to do sth. / be aimed at / achieve one’s aim / take aim at
27. observe sb. do sth. (doing sth.) / observe sb. / sth. done
28. stand for / stand by / stand out / stand up / stand up for / stand up to / stand down / stand still / stand (doing) sth.
知识要点
1. consider的用法
1）译作“认为”时，有下列句型
consider sb./sth.(to be/as)．认为某人是
sb./sth. is considered (to be/as)．某人被认为是
sb is considered＋to have done sth. 某人被认为做了某事
consider it＋adj.＋to do sth. 认为做某事是···
2）译作“考虑”时，consider doing
2. adopt vt.
1) They adopted my suggestion. 采纳
2) The poor child was adopted by the couple. 收养
3) He’s not my real father; I’m adopted. 收养
3. ⑴可接不定式作宾语的动词有：afford ,agree, aim, attempt, decide, expect, fail, hope, learn, manage, offer, plan, pretend, promise, refuse, want ,wish, turn
⑵“疑问词+不定式”也可作宾语，这样的动词有 teach, show, discuss, decide等。
完成句子
①. So far they haven’t decided when to leave.
. They are discussing how to deal with this problem.
She practises playing the piano every day.
4. v-ing 作宾语
⑴ 下列动词通常直接v-ing作宾语
finish, enjoy, mind, miss, keep, avoid, imagine, practice, suggest, risk, appreciate, admit等 ，
⑵一些动词词组由“动词+介词”组成的他们的后面也接v-ing 作宾语。常见的有：look forward to, get used to , put off, believe in, dream of , think of , give up, insist on, feel like, 等等。
5. 有些动词接不定式和v-ing 作宾语意义不同，
forget/remember to do忘了、记着要去做某事 forget /remember doing 忘了、记得做过某事
regret to do 遗憾要做某事 regret doing 后悔做了某事
mean to do 打算要做 mean doing 意味着
语法要点
1. situation；point；case；experience；story；family 这类词充当先行词时常用where或相应介词＋which。
⒉happen vi. 发生 (不能用于被动语态。)
相关的短语： sth. happen to sb. 某事发生在某人身上
happen to do 碰巧做…
happen to be doing 碰巧正发生
happen to have done 碰巧做过
= It happens that + 从句
⒊关系代词引导的定语从句
1）不用that, 只能用which的情况:
a) 引导非限定性定语从句时 The tree, (which is four hundred years old,) is very famous here.
b) 介词后不能用 Gun control is a subject, (about which Americans talked a lot.)
2) 不用which, 只能用that的情况:
a) 在不定代