初中英语动词不规则变化表.doc

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初中英语不规则动词表
不规则动词分为几个类型，每个类型中又分若干组，每组中各词变化形式的共同点，以帮助记忆。
1. A---A---A型（现在式、过去式和过去分词同形）
动词原形（现在式） 过去式 过去分词
cost cost cost 花费
cut cut cut 割，切
hit hit hit 打
let let let 让
put put put 放下
read read read 读
hurt hurt hurt 伤

2. A---A---B型（现在式和过去式同形）
动词原形（现在式） 过去式 过去分词
beat beat beaten 打

3. A---B---A型（现在式和过去分词同形）
动词原形（现在式） 过去式 过去分词
come came come 来
become became become 变
run ran run 跑

4. A ---B ---B型
（1）在动词原形后加一个辅音字母d或t构成过去式或过去分词。
动词原形（现在式） 过去式 过去分词
burn burnt burnt 燃烧
learn learned/learnt learned/learnt 学习
mean meant meant 意思
hear heard heard 听见
（2）把动词原形的最后一个辅音字母“d”改为“t” 构成过去式或过去分词。
动词原形（现在式） 过去式 过去分词
build built built 建筑
lend lent lent 借给
lose lost lost 失去
send sent sent 送
spend spent spent 花费
（3）其他
动词原形（现在式） 过去式 过去分词
pay paid paid 付
lay laid laid 下蛋
say said said 说
bring brought brought 带来
buy bought bought 买
think thought thought 想
sleep slept slept 睡
keep kept kept 保持
sweep swept swept 扫
stand stood stood 站
understand understood understood 明白
win won won 得胜
shine shone/shined shone/shined 发光
catch caught caught 抓住
teach taught taught 教
feel felt felt 觉得
fight fought fought 战斗
find found found 发现
get got got/gotten 得到
hang hanged/ hung hanged/ hung 绞死 / 挂
have had had 有
hold held held 盛，握
leave left left 离开
make made made 制造
meet met met 遇见
sell sold sold 卖
shoot shot shot 射击
tell told told 告诉
smell smelt/smelled smelt/smelled 嗅，闻
sit sat sat 坐
dig dug dug 挖
5. A---B---C型（现在式、过去式和过去分词都不相同）
（1）在动词原形后加-n或-en构成过去分词。
动词原形（现在式） 过去式 过去分词
eat ate eaten 吃
fall fell fallen 落下
steal stole stolen 偷
give gave given 给
freeze froze frozen 冻结
take took taken 拿
see saw seen 看见
write wrote written 写
ride rode ridden 骑
drive drove driven 驾驶
throw threw thrown 抛，扔
blow blew blown 吹
grow grew grown 生长
know knew known 知道
fly flew flown 飞
draw drew drawn 拉，绘画
show showed shown 展示
（2）过去式加-n或-en构成过去分词。
动词原形（现在式） 过去式 过去分词
speak spoke spoken 说话
break broke broken 破碎，折断
wake waked/ woke waked/ waken 醒
choose chose chosen 选择
forget forgot forgotten 忘记
（3）变单词在重读音节中的元音字母“i”分别为“a”（过去式）和“u”（过去分词）。
动词原形（现在式） 过去式 过去分词
begin began begun 开始
ring rang rung 按铃
sing sang sung 唱
sink sank sunk 沉
swim swam swum 游泳
drink drank drunk 饮
（4）其他不规则动词的变化。
动词原形（现在式） 过去式 过去分词
be(am, is) was/ were been 是
be(are) were been 是
do did done 做
go went gone 去
lie lay lain 躺
wear wore worn 穿

动词过去式和过去分词的变化规则
动词过去式和过去分词有规则变化和不规则变化两种。
1) 规则变化 一般在动词原形后加-ed
call called open opened need needed
发音规则：
①- ed在清辅音音素后 发音为〔t在浊辅音后发音为〔d〕在元音后发音也为[d]
②- ②-ed在〔t]、〔d〕 后发音为[id]
注意但fix的过去式和过去 分词x不双写，为fixed.
2）以-e结尾的动词加-d
phone phoned hope hoped agree agreed
3）以辅音字母加y结尾的动词，变y为i， 再加-ed
studied studied carried carried try tried
4）以原音字母加y结尾的词，直接加-ed
enjoy enjoyed stay stayed play played
5）末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节词，双写该辅音字母，再加-ed stop
plan planned fit fitted stop stopped
6)以-r音节结尾的词，双写r字母， 再加-ed prefer
refer referred prefer preferred

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